Mohlala oa Potoloho ea Motlakase ea Hona Joale e Otlolohileng

Mehlala e 9 ea Lipotso tsa Potoloho ea Motlakase ea Hona Joale e Tobileng

1. Sheba setšoantšo se ka tlase sa tokisetso ea resistor! Boholo ba motlakase ho pholletsa le R ₁ ke…

A. 2,0 Ampere
B. 2,5 Ampere
C. 4,0 Ampere
D. 4,5 Ampere
E. 5,0 Ampere

Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)₁) = 4 Ω
Mohanyetsi 2 (R)₂) = 4 Ω
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)₃) = 8 Ω
Motlakase oa motlakase (V) = Li-volt tse 40
E botsitsoe : Hona joale ho fihlela ho R₁
Jawab :

Motlakase o phalla ho tloha ho bokgoni bo phahameng ho ya ho bokgoni bo tlase. Tsela eo motlakase o tsamayang ka yona potolohong e ka hodimo e tshwana le tsela eo matsoho a oache a tsamayang ka yona.

Motlakase o phallang ka ntle ho betri
Qala ka ho bala resistor e nkelang sebaka (R). Kamora moo, bala hona joale o sebedisa foromo Molao oa Ohm :
V = IR kapa I = V / R
Tlhaloso ea foromo: V = motlakase, I = hona joale, R = resistor e nkelang sebaka
Sehanyetsi se nkelang sebaka:
Ho otla sehanyetsi sebaka sa potoloho e kaholimo.
Mohanyetsi R₁ le mohanyetsi R₂ e hlophisitsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R₁₂ = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4
R₁₂ = 4/2 = 2 Ω
Mohanyetsi R₁₂ le mohanyetsi R₃ e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
R= R₁₂ + R₃ = 2 + 8 = 10 Ω
Motlakase o phallang ka ntle ho betri :
Ke = V / R = 40 / 10 = 4 Ampere
Motlakase o phallang ka betri ke 4 Amperes.

Motlakase oa motlakase V_ab le V_bc
Molao oa Pele oa Kirchhoff e bolela hore bongata ba motlakase o kenang lekaleng bo lekana le bongata ba motlakase o tswang lekaleng leo. Ho latela molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff, ho fihletsoe qeto ea hore haeba motlakase o tsoang betring e le 4 Amperes, joale motlakase o fetang ka har'a ab o tšoana le 4 Amperes, ka ho tšoanang motlakase o fetang ka har'a bc ke 4 Amperes.
Motlakase oa motlakase V_ab :
V_ab = KE_ab R_ab = (4)(2) = 8 Li-volt
Motlakase oa motlakase V_bc :
V_bc = KE_bc R_bc = (4)(8) = 32 Li-volt
Potoloho e kaholimo e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o felletseng oa motlakase e be V = V_ab +V_bc = Li-Volt tse 8 + Li-Volt tse 32 = Li-Volt tse 40.
Motlakase o phallang ka R₁ = 4 Ω
I₁ =V_ab / R₁ = Li-volt tse 8 / 4 Ohms = 2 Amps
I₂ =V_ab / R₂ = Li-volt tse 8 / 4 Ohms = 2 Amps
Motlakase o phallang ka har'a betri ke li-Ampere tse 4. Ha o fihla ntlheng ea a, motlakase o arohana habeli, 'me li-Ampere tse 2 li phalla ka har'a resistor R.₁ 'me motlakase oa li-Ampere tse 2 o phalla ka har'a resistor R₂. 2 Li-ampere + 2 Li-ampere = Li-ampere tse 4. Sena se lumellana le molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

2. Nahana ka potoloho e latelang ea motlakase. Boholo ba motlakase o phallang ka har'a resistor ea 4 Ω ke…
A. 1,0 A
B. 1,2 A
C. 1,6 A
D. 2,4 A
E. 3,2 A
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)₁) = 6 Ω
Mohanyetsi 2 (R)₂) = 4 Ω
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)₃) = 1,6 Ω
Motlakase oa motlakase (V) = Li-volt tse 16
E botsitsoe : Motlakase o phallang ka har'a resistor ea 4 Ω
Jawab :
Motlakase o phalla ho tloha ho bokgoni bo phahameng ho ya ho bokgoni bo tlase. Tsela eo motlakase o tsamayang ka yona potolohong e ka hodimo e tshwana le tsela eo matsoho a oache a tsamayang ka yona.
Motlakase o phallang ka ntle ho betri
Sehanyetsi se nkelang sebaka:
Mohanyetsi R₁ le mohanyetsi R₂ e hlophisitsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R₁₂ = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ = 1/6 + 1/4 = 2/12 + 3/12 = 5/12
R₁₂ = 12/5 = 2,4 Ω
Mohanyetsi R₁₂ le mohanyetsi R₃ e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
R= R₁₂ + R₃ = 2,4 + 1,6 = 4 Ω
Motlakase o phallang ka ntle ho betri :
Ke = V / R = 16 / 4 = 4 Ampere
Motlakase o phallang ka betri ke 4 Amperes.

Motlakase oa motlakase V_ab le V_bc
Ho latela molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff, ho fihletsoe qeto ea hore haeba motlakase o tsoang betring e le 4 Amperes, joale motlakase o fetang ka har'a ab o tšoana le 4 Amperes, ka ho tšoanang motlakase o fetang ka har'a bc ke 4 Amperes.
Motlakase oa motlakase V_ab :
V_ab = KE_ab R_ab = (4)(2,4) = 9,6 Li-volt
Motlakase oa motlakase V_bc :
V_bc = KE_bc R_bc = (4)(1,6) = 6,4 Li-volt
Potoloho e kaholimo e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o felletseng oa motlakase e be V = V_ab +V_bc = Li-Volt tse 9,6 + Li-Volt tse 6,4 = Li-Volt tse 16.
Motlakase o phallang ka R₂ = 4 Ω
I₁ =V_ab / R₁ = Li-volt tse 9,6 / 6 Ohms = 1,6 Amps
I₂ =V_ab / R₂ = Li-volt tse 9,6 / 4 Ohms = 2,4 Amps
Motlakase o phallang ka har'a betri ke li-Ampere tse 4. Ha o fihla ntlheng ea a, motlakase o arohana habeli, 'me li-Ampere tse 1,6 li phalla ka har'a resistor R.₁ 'me motlakase oa li-Ampere tse 2,4 o phalla ka har'a resistor R₂. 1,6 Li-ampere + 2,4 Li-ampere = Li-ampere tse 4. Sena se lumellana le molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

3. Ela hloko potoloho e latelang ea motlakase!

Haeba resistor ea 5 Ohm potolohong e nkeloa sebaka ke resistor ea 7 Ohm, joale karolelano ea hona joale e phallang potolohong pele le ka mor'a ho nkeloa sebaka ke...

Puisano

Resistor ea 6 Ohm le resistor ea 6 Ohm li hokahane ka ho lekana. Resistor tse lekanang ke:

1 / R_AB = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6

R_AB = 6/2 = 3 Ohms

Sebelisa molao oa bobeli oa Kirchhoff potolohong, haeba khanyetso = 5 Ohm:

Khetha tsela ea hona joale ho ea ka oache.

12 – 5I – 4 – 3I = 0

12 – 4 – 5I – 3I = 0

8 – 8I = 0

8 = 8I

Ke = 8/8

I = 1 Ampere

Ke tšoailoe ka hore ke ntle, ho bolelang hore tataiso ea motlakase e latela khetho, e leng ho ea ka oache.

Sebelisa molao oa bobeli oa Kirchhoff potolohong, haeba khanyetso = 7 Ohm:

Khetha tsela ea hona joale ho ea ka oache.

12 – 7I – 4 – 3I = 0

12 – 4 – 7I – 3I = 0

8 – 10I = 0

8 = 10I

Ke = 8/10

I = 0,8 Ampere

Ke tšoailoe ka hore ke ntle, ho bolelang hore tataiso ea motlakase e latela khetho, e leng ho ea ka oache.

Papiso ea motlakase oa motlakase pele le ka mor'a:

1: 0,8

10: 8

5: 4

4. Ela hloko potoloho e latelang ea motlakase!

Boholo ba matla a resistor 6 Ω ke…

A. 1,5 Watt

B. 3,0 Watts

C. 6,0 Watt

D. 9,0 Watt

E. 18,0 Watts

Puisano

Foromo ea matla a motlakase:

P = I² R

Pele o bala matla a motlakase, qala ka ho bala motlakase o fetang kganyetsong 6. Ω e sebedisa molao wa Kirchhoff.

Tsela ea hona joale e khethoa joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka lehlakoreng.

Sebelisa molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff:

I₁ + Ke₂ = KE₃ .......... Tekanyo ea 1

Sebelisa molao oa II oa Kirchhoff ho I₁ :

6 – 12 Ke ₁ – 6 Ke ₃ = 0

-12 I₁ = 6 I₃ - 6

I₁ = (6 I₃ – 6) / -12 ………. Tekanyo ea 2

Sebelisa molao oa II oa Kirchhoff ho I₂ :

6 – 12 Ke ₂ – 6 Ke ₃ = 0

-12 Ke₂ = 6 I₃ - 6

I₂ = (6 I₃ – 6) / -12 ………. Tekanyo ea 3

Moemeli equation ea 2 dan tao equation ea 3 ke equation ea 1:

I₃ lets'oao le letle le bolela tataiso I₃ ho latela tataiso e khethiloeng, joalo ka setšoantšong se kaholimo.

Sebelisa equation ea 2 ho bala I₁:

I₁ = (6 I₃ – 6) / -12

I₁ = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12

I₁ = (3 – 6) / -12

I₁ = -3 / -12

I₁ = 1/4 A

I₁ lets'oao le letle le bolela tataiso I₁ ho latela tataiso e khethiloeng, joalo ka setšoantšong se kaholimo.

Sebelisa equation ea 3 ho bala I₂:

I₂ = (6 I₃ – 6) / -12

I₂ = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12

I₂ = (3 – 6) / -12

I₂ = -3 / -12

I₂ = 1/4 A

I₂ lets'oao le letle le bolela tataiso I₁ ho latela tataiso e khethiloeng, joalo ka setšoantšong se kaholimo.

Sebelisa molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff ho paka bonnete ba liphetho tse fumanoeng:

I₁ + Ke₂ = KE₃

1/4 + 1/4 = 1/2

Matla a motlakase o fetang ka har'a khanyetso 6 Ω na ke 'na₃ = 1/2 Ampere.

Matla a motlakase a ho hanyetsa 6 Ω ke P = I² R = (1/2)² (6) = 1/4 (6) = 1,5 Watts

Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

5. Setšoantšong sa potoloho ea motlakase ka lehlakoreng, boholo ba phapang ea matla a motlakase ho pholletsa le resistor R ke₃ ke…

A. 0,5 V

B. 0,6 V

C. 0,9 V

D. 1,0 V

E. 1,3 V

Puisano

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Thibelo ea 1 (R)₁= 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 2 (R)₂= 4 Ω

Thibelo ea 3 (R)₃= 3 Ω

Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)₁) = Li-volt tse 6

Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)₂) = Li-volt tse 9

O botsitse: Phapang ea bokhoni ba motlakase ho pholletsa le resistor R₃

Karabo:

Bala motlakase (I) o phallang ka har'a resistor R₃

Pele bala motlakase o phallang potolohong:

Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.

E₁ – IR₁ - E₂ – IR₂ – IR₃ = 0

6 – 2I – 9 – 4I – 3I = 0

6 – 9 – 2I – 4I – 3I = 0

-3 – 9I = 0

-3 = 9I

Ke = -3/9

Ke = -1/3

Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke 1/3 Ampere. Motlakase o nang le letshwao le lebe o bolela hore tataiso ya motlakase ke ha e lumellane le ka tsela e batlang e le ka lehlakoreng le leng empa e le khahlanong le oache.

Potoloho e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o phallang potolohong = motlakase o phallang khanyetsong R₃ = 1/3 Ampere.

Bala phapang e ka bang teng (V) ho pholletsa le resistor R₃

V = IR₃ = (1/3)(3) = 1 Volt

Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

6. Sheba setšoantšo sa marang-rang se ka tlase!

E le hore bokgoni ba motlakase pakeng tsa dintlha tsa C le D bo lekane le di-volt tse 4, boleng ba R ke...

A. 1 Ohm

B. 2 Ohm

C. 4 Ohm

D. 8 Ohm

E. 10 Ohm

Puisano

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Thibelo ea 1 (R)₁= 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 2 (R)₂= 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 3 (R)₃) = R

Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)₁) = Li-volt tse 8

Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)₂) = Li-volt tse 4

Phapang ea bokhoni ba motlakase lipakeng tsa lintlha tsa C le D (V)_CD) = Li-volt tse 4

O botsitse: Boleng ba khanyetso R

Karabo:

Bala boleng ba khanyetso R

V_CD = IR

4 = IR

R = 4 / I

E tswela pele…..

Bala motlakase (I) o phallang ka har'a resistor R

Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.

- E₁ – 2I + E₂ – 2I – IR = 0

– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – Ke (4/I) = 0

– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – 4 = 0

– 8 + 4 – 4 – 2I – 2I = 0

– 8 – 4I = 0

– 8 = 4I

Ke = -8 / 4

I = -2 Ampere

Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke li-Ampere tse 2. Motlakase o na le negative, ho bolelang hore tataiso ea motlakase o na le ha e lumellane le ka tsela e batlang e le ka lehlakoreng le leng empa e le khahlanong le oache.

Potoloho e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o phallang potolohong = motlakase o phallang khanyetsong R = Li-ampere tse 2.

Boleng ba khanyetso R

Tsoela pele…..

R = 4 / Ke = 4 / 2 = 2 Ohm

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

7 PSheba setshwantsho se latelang sa potoloho ya motlakase! Boholo ba motlakase o tshwarwang ho resistor R ke…

A. 20 Volt

B. 8 Volt

C. 5 Volt

D. 4 Volt

E. 2 Volt

Puisano

EMF (E) = phapang e ka bang teng ea mohloli oa motlakase oa motlakase pele motlakase o phalla

Motlakase oa clamp (V) = phapang e ka bang teng ea mohloli oa motlakase oa motlakase kamora phallo ea motlakase

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Thibelo ea 1 (R)₁) = 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 2 (R)₂) = 4 Ω

Thibelo ea 3 (R)₃= 4 Ω

Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)₁) = Li-volt tse 20

Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)₂) = Li-volt tse 15

O botsitse: Boholo ba motlakase oa ho khomarela ho resistor R (V)

Karabo:

Bala motlakase o phallang potolohong (I)

Bothata bona bo amana le molao oa Kirchhooff. Mehato le mokhoa oa ho rarolla bothata bona:

Ea pele, kgetha tsela eo o e ratang hajwale. O ka kgetha ho ya ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa ho ya ka lehlakoreng le leng.

Ea bobeli, ha motlakase o feta kganyeng kapa kganyetsong (R) ho na le phokotseho ya bokgoni hoo V = IR e leng mpe.

Ea boraro, haeba hona joale ho tloha ho tlase ho ea ho phahameng (- ho ea ho +) joale mohloli oa emf (E) o tšoailoe o le motle hobane ho na le ho tjhaja ha matla mohloling oa emf. Haeba hona joale ho tloha ho phahameng ho ea ho tlaase (+ ho ea ho -) joale mohloli oa emf (E) o tšoailoe o le mobe hobane ho na le ho tjhaja ha matla mohloling oa emf.

Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.

E₁ – IR₁ – IR₂ – IR₃ - E₂ = 0

20 – Ke(2) – Ke(4) – Ke(4) – 15 = 0

20 – 15 – Ke (2) – Ke (4) – Ke (4) = 0

5 – 10 I = 0

5 = 10 I

Ke = 5/10

I = 0,5 Ampere

Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke 0,5 Amperes. Motlakase o motle o bontša hore tataiso ea motlakase e joalo ka ha ho lebeletsoe, ka lehlakoreng la oache.

Bala khanyetso e lekanang (R)

Mohanyetsi 1 (R₁), resistor 2 (R₂) le resistor 3 (R)₃) e hokahantsoe ka letoto. Sehanyetsi se nkelang sebaka:

R = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ = 2 Ω + 4 Ω + 4 Ω = 10 Ω

Motlakase oa clamp holim'a resistor R (V)

V = IR = (0,5)(10) = 5 Volt

Mokhoa o potlakileng:

Motlakase oa ho khomarela o ka fumanoa ka ho toba ka tsela e latelang:

V = E₁ - E₂ = 20 – 15 = 5 Volt

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

8. Sheba setshwantsho se latelang sa potoloho ya motlakase! Ho qhalana ha matla hodima resistor ya 3Ω ke…

A. 4 Watt

B. 8 Watts

C. 12 Watt

D. 16 Watt

E. 20 Watts

Puisano

Matla a ho qhala = matla a sebelisitsoeng

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Thibelo ea 1 (R)₁= 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 2 (R)₂= 3 Ω

Thibelo ea 3 (R)₃= 4 Ω

Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)₁) = Li-volt tse 8

Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)₂) = Li-volt tse 10

O botsitse: Ho qhalana ha matla ho khanyetso ea 3Ω

Karabo:

Matla a ho qhala

Matla a ho qhala a baloa ho sebelisoa foromo:

P = VI

Tlhaloso: P = matla, V = phapang e ka bang teng lipheletsong ka bobeli tsa resistor 3Ω, I = motlakase o phallang ka har'a khanyetso 3Ω.

Bala motlakase (I) o phallang ka har'a khanyetso 3Ω

Pele bala motlakase o phallang potolohong:

Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.

E₁ – IR₁ – IR₂ – IR₃ +E₂ = 0

8 – Ke(2) – Ke(3) – Ke(4) + 10 = 0

18 – 9 I = 0

18 = 9 I

Ke = 18 / 9

I = 2 Ampere

Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke 2 Amperes. Motlakase o motle o bontša hore tataiso ea motlakase e joalo ka ha ho lebeletsoe, ka lehlakoreng la oache.

Potoloho e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o phallang potolohong = motlakase o phallang ka har'a resistor 3Ω = 2 Ampere.

Bala phapang e ka bang teng (V) ho pholletsa le resistor ea 3 Ω

V = IR₂ = (2 A)(3 Ω) = 6 Volt

Bala ho qhalana ha matla ho resistor ea 3Ω

P = VI = (6 Volt)(2 Ampere) = 12 Volt Ampere = 12 Watt

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

9. Sheba setshwantsho se latelang sa potoloho ya motlakase! Phapang e ka bang teng pakeng tsa dintlha A le B ke…

A. 1,5 volt

B. Li-volt tse 3,0

C. Li-volt tse 6,0

D. Li-volt tse 7,5

E. 9,0 volt

Puisano

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Thibelo ea 1 (R)₁= 2 Ω

Thibelo ea 2 (R)₂= 3 Ω

Thibelo ea 3 (R)₃= 4 Ω

Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)₁) = Li-volt tse 8

Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)₂) = Li-volt tse 10

O botsitse: Phapang e ka bang teng (V) pakeng tsa lintlha tsa A le B

Karabo:

Bala motlakase (I) o phallang ka har'a khanyetso 3Ω

Pele bala motlakase o phallang potolohong:

Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.

- E₁ – IR₁ – IR₂ - E₂ – IR₃ = 0

– 8 – Ke (2) – Ke (3) – 10 – Ke (4) = 0

– 18 – 9 I = 0

– 18 = 9 I

Ke = -18 / 9

I = – Li-ampere tse 2

Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke li-Ampere tse 2. Motlakase o na le negative, ho bolelang hore tataiso ea motlakase o na le ha e lumellane le ka tsela e batlang e le ka lehlakoreng le leng empa e le khahlanong le oache.

Potoloho e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano e le hore motlakase o phallang potolohong = motlakase o phallang ka har'a resistor 3Ω = 2 Ampere.

Bala phapang e ka bang teng (V) ho pholletsa le resistor ea 3 Ω

V = IR₂ = (2 A)(3 Ω) = 6 Volt

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

Mohloli oa Lipotso:

Lipotso tsa Fisiks tsa Tlhahlobo ea Naha bakeng sa Sekolo se Phahameng sa Thuto e Phahameng/Sekolo se Phahameng sa Mosebetsi