Mehlala ea Lipotso Tse Buang ka Pheresente ea Bohloeki
Bohloeki ba peresente, kapa tekanyo ea bohloeki ba ntho, ke parameter ea bohlokoa makaleng a fapaneng a saense, haholo-holo tlhahlobo, meriana le k'hemistri ea indasteri. Sehlooho sena se tla tšohla khopolo ea bohloeki ba peresente le ho fana ka mehlala e nang le litlhaloso tse felletseng e le hore babali ba ka utloisisa hamolemo mokhoa oa ho bala le ho sebelisa khopolo ena maemong a fapaneng.
Ho Utloisisa Bohloeki ba Peresente
Peresente ea bohloeki e bontša boemo ba bohloeki ba ntho e baloang e le peresente ea boima ba ntho e hloekileng sampole. Peresente ea bohloeki e ka hlalosoa ka equation e latelang:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{\text{Boima ba ntho e hlwekileng}}{\text{Boima ba sampole}} \right) \times 100\% \]
Moo:
– Boima ba ntho e hloekileng ke boima ba ntho eo bohloeki ba eona bo lokelang ho fumanoa.
– Boima ba sampole ke boima bohle ba sampole bo nang le dintho tse hlwekileng le ditshila tsa tsona.
Bohlokoa ba Peresente ea Bohloeki
Peresente ea bohloeki e bohlokoa haholo lithutong tse fapaneng tsa mahlale le lits'ebetsong. K'hemistring ea tlhahlobo, bohloeki ba reagent bo ka ama liphetho tsa liteko. Indastering ea meriana, bohloeki ba lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa meriana bo tlameha ho netefatsoa ho netefatsa polokeho le katleho ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. Makala a mang, joalo ka tlhahiso ea tšepe le mafura, bohloeki bo ama boleng ba sehlahisoa le ts'ebetso.
Mohlala oa Lipotso tsa Selelekela
A re qaleng ka mohlala o bonolo pele re fetela mathateng a rarahaneng haholoanyane.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 1:
Sampole ea aluminium e na le boima ba ligrama tse 10. Tlhahlobo e senola hore boima ba aluminium e hloekileng sampoleng ke ligrama tse 9.5. Bohloeki ba ntho ena ke peresente efe?
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– Boima ba ntho e hloekileng = 9.5 dikgerama
– Boima ba sampole = digrama tse 10
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{9.5 \text{ gram}}{10 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( 0.95 \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \mongolo{Pheresente ea Bohloeki} = 95\% \]
Kahoo, peresente ea bohloeki ba sampole ea aluminium ke 95%.
Mehlala e Rarahaneng ea Mathata
Mohlala oa Potso ea 2:
O na le sampole ea 150 gram ea calcium carbonate (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)). Tlhahlobo e senola hore ho na le tšilafalo ka mokhoa oa magnesium carbonate (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) e ka bang ligrama tse 10. Bala peresente ea bohloeki ba calcium carbonate sampoleng.
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– Boima ba sampole = digrama tse 150
– Boima ba ntho e silafetseng (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) = 10 digrama
Kahoo, boima ba ntho e hlwekileng (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)) bo ka balwa ka tsela ena:
\[ \text{Boima ba ntho e hlwekileng} = \text{Boima ba sampole} – \text{Boima ba ntho e silafetseng} \]
\[ \text{Boima ba ntho e hlwekileng} = 150 \text{ grams} – 10 \text{ grams} \]
\[ \text{Boima ba ntho e hlwekileng} = 140 \text{ grams} \]
Ka mor'a moo, bala peresente ea bohloeki:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{140 \text{ gram}}{150 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( 0.9333 \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \hoo e ka bang 93.33\% \]
Kahoo, peresente ea bohloeki ba calcium carbonate sampole ke hoo e ka bang 93.33%.
Mehlala ea Lipotso tsa Kopo Indastering
Mohlala oa Potso ea 3:
Khamphani ea meriana e hlahisa 200 kg ea moriana o hloekileng ka 98%. Nakong ea ho paka, 5 kg ea moriana e silafetse. Bohloeki ba moriana ka mor'a ho silafala ke bokae?
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– Boima ba pele ba moriana = 200 kg
– Peresente ea pele ea bohloeki = 98%
– Boima ba pele ba ntho e hlwekileng = \(\frac{98}{100} \times 200 \text{ kg} = 196 \text{ kg}\)
– Boima bo eketsehileng ba tšilafalo = 5 kg
– Boima bohle ba sampole kamora tšilafalo = 200 kg + 5 kg = 205 kg
Boima ba ntho e hloekileng ha bo fetohe (196 kg), kahoo peresente ea bohloeki kamora tšilafalo ke:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{196 \text{ kg}}{205 \text{ kg}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \hoo e ka bang 95.61\% \]
Kahoo, peresente ea bohloeki ba moriana ka mor'a tšilafalo ke hoo e ka bang 95.61%.
Mehlala ea Lipotso mabapi le Ts'ebeliso ea Tlhahlobo ea Lik'hemik'hale
Mohlala oa Potso ea 4:
Tlhahlobong ea lik'hemik'hale ea tharollo, hoa tsebahala hore ho na le ligrama tse 2.5 tsa ntho e hloekileng ka bongata bohle ba lilithara tse 3 tsa tharollo. Haeba bongata ba tharollo e le 1.2 g/mL, bohloeki ba ntho ka har'a tharollo ke bofe?
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– Boima ba ntho e hloekileng = 2.5 dikgerama
– Bophahamo ba tharollo = lilithara tse 3 = 3000 mL
– Botenya ba tharollo = 1.2 g/mL
Ho sebelisa bongata ho fumana boima bohle ba tharollo:
\[ \text{Sampole boima} = \text{Tharollo bophahamo ba modumo} \times \text{Density} \]
\[ \text{Boima ba mohlala} = 3000 \text{mL} \times 1.2 \text{g/mL} \]
\[ \text{Boima ba mohlala} = 3600 \text{grams} \]
Ebe, bala peresente ea bohloeki:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{2.5 \text{ gram}}{3600 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \hoo e ka bang 0.0694\% \]
Kahoo, peresente ea bohloeki ba ntho e ka har'a tharollo ke hoo e ka bang 0.0694%.
Ho koala
Ho bala peresente ea bohloeki ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea taolo ea boleng le tlhahlobo ea lik'hemik'hale. Kutloisiso e batsi ea mohopolo ona e lumella litsebi mafapheng a fapaneng ho netefatsa boleng le ho tsitsa ha lihlahisoa kapa lisebelisoa tseo ba sebetsang ka tsona. Sengoloa sena se hlahisitse mehlala e 'maloa ea mathata ao ka tšepo a tla thusa babali ho tebisa kutloisiso ea bona ea mokhoa oa ho sebelisa mohopolo oa peresente ea bohloeki maemong a fapaneng.
