Mehlala ea Lipotso tse Buang ka Masimo a Magnetic
Matla a makenete ke mohopolo oa motheo fisiks o hlalosang kamoo matla a makenete a sebelisanang kateng le thepa e nang le makenete kapa litefiso tsa motlakase tse tsamaeang. Ho ithuta ka matla a makenete ho bohlokoa haholo hobane ho na le lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng, ho tloha lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ho ea ho tsa bongaka ho ea ho lifofane. Sengoloa sena se tla tšohla mehlala e 'maloa ea lipotso tsa ho ithuta ka matla a makenete hammoho le puisano le litharollo tsa tsona, tseo re tšepang hore li tla u thusa ho tseba mohopolo ona hamolemo.
Ho Utloisisa Masimo a Magnetic
Ka kakaretso, matla a makenete a ka hlahisoa ke makenete a sa feleng kapa motlakase o phallang ka har'a terata. Matla a matla a makenete ntlheng e itseng a baloa ho sebelisoa molao oa Biot-Savart kapa molao oa Ampère, ho latela maemo a itseng. Matla a makenete a bontšoa ke vector B 'me a na le li-unit tsa Tesla (T).
Lipotso tsa Mehlala le Puisano
Potso ea 1: Tšimo ea makenete bohareng ba selikalikoe se tsamaisang motlakase
Potso: Bala boholo ba matla a makenete bohareng ba selika-likoe sa terata se chitja se nang le radius R le se jereng motlakase oa I.
Puisano:
Matla a makenete a bohareng ba selika-likoe sa terata se chitja a ka baloa ho sebelisoa molao oa Biot-Savart o reng:
\[ B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2R} \]
Moo:
– \( \mu_0 \) = ho kenella ha vacuum ( \( \mu_0 = 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \, \text{T m/A} \) )
– I = motlakase o potolohang
– R = radius ea selika-likoe
A re re R = 0,1 m le I = 5 A, joale boholo ba matla a makenete bohareng ba selika-likoe ke:
\[ B = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 5}{2 \times 0,1} = \frac{2\pi \times 10^{-6}}{0,1} = 2\pi \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \]
Kahoo, boholo ba matla a makenete bohareng ba selika-likoe bo ka ba \( 6,28 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \).
Potso ea 2: Tšimo ea makenete e tsamaeang ka terata e otlolohileng e jarang motlakase
Potso: Fumana matla a makenete hole le d ho tloha terata e telele e otlolohileng e jereng motlakase I.
Puisano:
Ho tiisa matla a makenete a potolohileng terata e otlolohileng e tsamaisang motlakase, re sebelisa molao oa Ampere, o boletsoeng tjena:
\[ B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi d} \]
Moo:
– \( \mu_0 \) = ho kenella ha vacuum
– I = motlakase o ka hara terata
– d = sebaka ho tloha terata
A re re I = 10 A le d = 0,02 m, ebe:
\[ B = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 10}{2\pi \times 0,02} = \frac{4 \times 10^{-6} \times 10}{0,02} = 2 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{T} \]
Kahoo, boholo ba matla a makenete bo hole ba limithara tse 0,02 ho tloha terata ke \( 2 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{T} \).
Potso ea 3: Tšimo ea makenete pakeng tsa lithapo tse peli tse tsamaisang motlakase tse tsamaeang ka nako e le 'ngoe
Potso: Lithapo tse peli tse tsamaisang motlakase tse bapileng li arotsoe ka sebaka sa d 'me e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e tsamaisa motlakase oa I1 le I2. Fumana matla a makenete bohareng ba lithapo tse peli.
Puisano:
Ho bala matla a makenete bohareng ba lithapo tse peli, re tlameha ho ela hloko tataiso le boholo ba matla a makenete a hlahisoang ke terata ka 'ngoe.
A re re I1 = 5 A le I2 = 10 A, 'me sebaka se pakeng tsa lithapo tse peli ke 0,1 m. Ebe sebaka se tloha bohareng ba ntlha ho ea terata ka 'ngoe ke 0,05 m. Ho latela molao oa Ampere:
Tšimo ea makenete ea terata ea 1 (B1) bohareng:
\[ B_1 = \frac{\mu_0 I_1}{2\pi (d/2)} = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 5}{2\pi \times 0,05} = 2 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \]
Tšimo ea makenete ea terata ea 2 (B2) bohareng:
\[ B_2 = \frac{\mu_0 I_2}{2\pi (d/2)} = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 10}{2\pi \times 0,05} = 4 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \]
Kaha masimo a mabeli a makenete a shebane ka mahlakoreng a fapaneng bohareng ba ntlha, boholo ba matla ohle a makenete bohareng ba ntlha ke phapang pakeng tsa B2 le B1:
\[ B_{\text{total}} = B_2 – B_1 = 4 \times 10^{-5} – 2 \times 10^{-5} = 2 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \]
Kahoo, boholo ba matla a makenete bohareng ba lithapo tse peli ke \( 2 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{T} \).
Potso ea 4: Tšimo ea makenete ka har'a khubu ea Solenoid
Potso: Bala matla a makenete ka hare ho solenoid e telele e nang le diphetoho tsa n ka bolelele ba yuniti mme e na le motlakase wa I.
Puisano:
Bakeng sa solenoid e telele, matla a makenete a solenoid a batla a sa fetohe mme a balwa ho sebediswa equation:
\[ B = \mu_0 n I \]
Moo:
– \( \mu_0 \) = ho kenella ha vacuum
– n = palo ea ho reteleha ka mithara
– I = motlakase
A re re solenoid e na le diphetoho tse 1000 ka mithara mme phallo ya motlakase ya 2 A e phalla, ebe:
\[ B = 4\pi \ka makhetlo a 10^{-7} \ka makhetlo a 1000 \ka makhetlo a 2 = 8\pi \ka makhetlo a 10^{-4} \, \mongolo{T} \]
\[ B = 8 \makgetlo a 3.14 \makgetlo a 10^{-4} = 25.12 \makgetlo a 10^{-4} \, \mongolo{T} \]
Kahoo, matla a makenete a ka hare ho solenoid a ka ba \( 2.51 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{T} \).
Qetello
Ho utloisisa matla a makenete ke senotlolo lits'ebetsong tse ngata tsa theknoloji ea sejoale-joale. Ka mehlala ena, babali ba tla fumana kutloisiso e betere ea hore na matla a makenete a sebetsa joang maemong a fapaneng, joalo ka terata e chitja, terata e otlolohileng, lithapo tse peli tse bapileng, le solenoid. Ho tsoela pele ka boikoetliso ka mathata le maemo a fapaneng ho tla matlafatsa mohopolo ona le ho feta.
