Mehlala ea Lipotso Tse Buang ka Makhetlo a Amanang
Maqhubu a amanang ke mohopolo oa bohlokoa lipalo-palong, hangata o sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa hore na boleng kapa ketsahalo e hlaha hangata hakae sete ea data. Maqhubu a amanang a thusa ho fana ka pono e betere kabo ea data ka ho amahanya palo ea liketsahalo le palo eohle ea likarolo tse sete ea data. Sehloohong sena, re tla tšohla mohopolo oa maqhubu a amanang ka botlalo, re fane ka mehlala e 'maloa ea mathata le ho a rarolla ho hlakisa kutloisiso ea rona.
1. Ho Utloisisa Maqhubu a Amanang
Maqhubu a amanang a hlahiswa e le karolelano ya maqhubu a ketsahalo ho palo yohle ya diketsahalo kapa dipono. Hangata e hlahiswa e le desimali kapa peresente. Foromo ya ho bala maqhubu a amanang ke:
\[ \text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Maqhubu a Ketsahalo}}{\text{Maqhubu a Kakaretso}} \]
2. Bohlokoa ba Maqhubu a Lekanyetsoang
Maqhubu a amanang a fana ka setshwantsho se hlakileng le se utlwisisehang ho feta maqhubu a feletseng. Sena se bakwa ke hobane maqhubu a amanang a ela hloko boholo kapa sekala sa sete yohle ya data, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo ho bapisa sete e le nngwe ya data le e nngwe, leha palo yohle ya dintlha tsa data dihlopheng tse pedi e fapane.
3. Lipotso tsa Mehlala le Puisano
Ho utloisisa hamolemo mohopolo oa makhetlo a amanang, ha re shebeng mehlala e meng ea lipotso le lipuisano tsa tsona.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 1
Ha ho fanoe ka lintlha tse latelang tse bontšang palo ea baeti ba laeborari matsatsing a fapaneng a beke:
– Mantaha: baeti ba 50
– Labobeli: baeti ba 40
– Laboraro: baeti ba 60
– Labone: baeti ba 30
– Labohlano: baeti ba 70
Fumana hore na letsatsi le letsatsi le na le makhetlo a makae.
Puisano:
1. Bala kakaretso ea baeti ka beke e le 'ngoe.
\[
\text{Baeti bohle} = 50 + 40 + 60 + 30 + 70 = 250
\]
2. Bala makhetlo a amanang bakeng sa letsatsi ka leng u sebelisa foromo:
\[
\text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Letsatsi la Maqhubu}}{\text{Kakaretso ya Maqhubu}}
\]
3. Makgetlo a lekanyelitsoeng bakeng sa letsatsi ka leng ke:
- Mantaha:
\[
\text{Relative Relative Monday} = \frac{50}{250} = 0.20 \text{ kapa } 20\%
\]
- Labobeli:
\[
\text{Relative Frequency Tuesday} = \frac{40}{250} = 0.16 \text{ kapa } 16\%
\]
- Laboraro:
\[
\text{Relative Frequency Wednesday} = \frac{60}{250} = 0.24 \text{ kapa } 24\%
\]
- Labone:
\[
\text{Relative Relative Labone} = \frac{30}{250} = 0.12 \text{ kapa } 12\%
\]
- Labohlano:
\[
\text{Relative Relative Reference Reference) = \frac{70}{250} = 0.28 \text{ kapa } 28\%
\]
Ka makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng, re ka bona hore Labohlano le na le karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea baeti bekeng.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 2
Ha ho nahanoa ka makhetlo a thekiso ea liapole ka khoeli e le 'ngoe:
– Beke ea 1: likotoana tse 15
– Beke ea 2: likotoana tse 20
– Beke ea 3: likotoana tse 25
– Beke ea 4: likotoana tse 40
Bala makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng bakeng sa thekiso ea liapole beke le beke.
Puisano:
1. Bala kakaretso ea thekiso ea liapole ka khoeli.
\[
\mongolo{Kakaretso ea Thekiso} = 15 + 20 + 25 + 40 = 100
\]
2. Bala makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng beke e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe:
\[
\text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Week Frequency}}{\text{Total Frequency}}
\]
3. Makgetlo a amanang bakeng sa beke e nngwe le e nngwe:
– Beke ea 1:
\[
\text{Beke ea 1 Makhetlo a amanang} = \frac{15}{100} = 0.15 \text{ kapa } 15\%
\]
– Beke ea 2:
\[
\text{Beke ea 2 Makhetlo a amanang} = \frac{20}{100} = 0.20 \text{ kapa } 20\%
\]
– Beke ea 3:
\[
\text{Beke ea 3 Makhetlo a amanang} = \frac{25}{100} = 0.25 \text{ kapa } 25\%
\]
– Beke ea 4:
\[
\text{Beke ea 4 Makhetlo a amanang} = \frac{40}{100} = 0.40 \text{ kapa } 40\%
\]
Ho tsoa mohlaleng ona ho hlakile hore thekiso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea liapole e etsahetse bekeng ea bone ka makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng a 40%.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 3
Mohlala, ka tlelaseng e 'ngoe ho na le lintlha tse latelang mabapi le palo ea baithuti ba ratang lithuto tse fapaneng:
– Lipalo: baithuti ba 10
– Senyesemane: baithuti ba 15
– Saense ea Tlhaho (IPA): Baithuti ba 20
– Histori: baithuti ba 5
Bala makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng bakeng sa khetho ka 'ngoe ea sehlooho.
Puisano:
1. Bala palo yohle ya baithuti.
\[
\text{Kakaretso ea Liithuti} = 10 + 15 + 20 + 5 = 50
\]
2. Bala makhetlo a amanang bakeng sa motho ka mong:
\[
\text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Subject Frequency}}{\text{Total Frequency}}
\]
3. Makgetlo a amanang bakeng sa motho ka mong:
- Lipalo:
\[
\text{Maqhubu a amanang le lipalo} = \frac{10}{50} = 0.20 \text{ kapa } 20\%
\]
- Senyesemane:
\[
\text{Relative Related Reference Reference) = \frac{15}{50} = 0.30 \text{ kapa } 30\%
\]
– Saense ea Tlhaho (IPA):
\[
\text{Relative Related Saense} = \frac{20}{50} = 0.40 \text{ kapa } 40\%
\]
- Histori:
\[
\text{Nalane e Amanang le Makgetlo} = \frac{5}{50} = 0.10 \text{ kapa } 10\%
\]
Ho tloha mona ho ka bonoa hore Saense ea Tlhaho ke taba e tsebahalang haholo ka makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng a 40%, ha Histori e sa ratoe haholo ka makhetlo a lekanyelitsoeng a 10%.
Ho koala
Maqhubu a amanang ke sesebelisoa se thusang haholo tlhahlobong ea lintlha tsa lipalo-palo, se re thusang ho utloisisa litekanyo le kabo ea lintlha ka har'a sete ea data. Ho sebelisa maqhubu a amanang ho re lumella ho bapisa lintlha ka tsela e nepahetseng haholoanyane le ho khetholla mekhoa kapa mekhoa e ka 'nang ea se ke ea bonahala datang e tala. Ka mehlala e tšohliloeng, ho tšeptjoa hore mohopolo oa maqhubu a amanang o tla hlaka le ho utloisisoa habonolo, o lumelle hore o sebelisoe maemong a mang a fapaneng a tlhahlobo ea lintlha.
