Mehlala ea Lipotso Tse Buang ka Flux ea Magnetic
Motsamao oa makenete ke mohopolo oa bohlokoa fisiks, haholo-holo ho utloisiseng tšebelisano-'moho lipakeng tsa masimo a makenete le li-conductor tsa motlakase. Motsamao oa makenete o lekanya bongata ba matla a makenete a fetang sebakeng se fanoeng 'me o hlahisoa ka li-unit tsa Weber (Wb). Sehloohong sena, re tla tšohla mehlala e 'maloa ea mathata a amanang le motsamao oa makenete le litharollo tsa ona ho thusa ho tebisa kutloisiso ea hau ea mohopolo ona.
1. Ho Utloisisa ho Flux ea Magnetic
Ho ya ka dipalo, phallo ya makenete (\(\Phi\)) e fetang sebakeng (\(A\)) e ka hlophiswa ka tsela ena:
\[ \Phi = B \cdot A \cdot \cos(\theta) \]
Di mana:
– \(\Phi\) ke phallo ea makenete ho Weber (Wb),
– \(B\) ke bongata ba flux ea makenete kapa matla a makenete ho Tesla (T),
– \(A\) ke sebaka se fetisoang ke matla a makenete ka dimithara tse sekwere (m²),
– \(\theta\) ke sekhutlo se pakeng tsa matla a makenete le se tloaelehileng sebakeng seo.
Haeba matla a makenete a lebile sefofaneng (angle \(\theta = 0^\circ\)), joale:
\[ \Phi = B \cdot A \]
Haeba matla a makenete a bapile le sefofane (angle \(\theta = 90^\circ\)), joale:
\[ \Phi = 0 \]
2. Lipotso tsa Mehlala le Puisano
Potso ea 1: Ho phalla ha makenete ka sefofaneng ho ea ho tšimo ea makenete
Potso:
Sekotjana sa terata se chitja se nang le radius ea limithara tse 0,1 se beoa ka ho otloloha ho ea ho matla a khoheli a tšoanang a 0,5 Tesla. Bala phallo ea khoheli ka sekotjana sa terata.
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– \( r = 0.1 \, \mongolo{m} \)
– \( B = 0.5 \, \mongolo{T} \)
– \(\theta = 0^\circ\) (hobane e otlolohile)
Sebaka sa selika-likoe sa selikalikoe:
\[ A = \pi r^2 = \pi (0.1)^2 = 0.01\pi \, \mongolo{m}^2 \]
Phallo ea makenete:
\[ \Phi = B \cdot A \cdot \cos(\theta) \]
\[ \Phi = 0.5 \, \text{T} \times 0.01\pi \, \text{m}^2 \times \cos(0^\circ) \]
\[ \Phi = 0.5 \makgetlo 0.01\pi \makgetlo 1 \]
\[ \Phi = 0.005\pi \, \mongolo{Wb} \]
Kahoo, phallo ea makenete e fetang ka hara sekgoqetsane sa terata ke \(0.005\pi \, \text{Weber}\) kapa hoo e ka bang 0.0157 Weber.
Potso ea 2: Ho Fetoha ha makenete ka Sekhutlo se itseng
Potso:
Sebaka se bataletseng se nang le sebaka sa limithara tse lisekoere tse 2 se beoa ka sekhutlo sa likhato tse 60 ho ea ho matla a khoheli a tšoanang a 0.3 Tesla. Bala phallo ea khoheli ka holim'a metsi.
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– (A = 2, m^2)
– \( B = 0.3 \, T \)
– \( \theta = 60^\circ \)
Phallo ea makenete:
\[ \Phi = B \cdot A \cdot \cos(\theta) \]
\[ \Phi = 0.3 \, \text{T} \times 2 \, \text{m}^2 \times \cos(60^\circ) \]
\[ \Phi = 0.3 \ka makhetlo a 2 \ka makhetlo \frac{1}{2} \]
\[ \Phi = 0.3 \, \mongolo{Wb} \]
Kahoo, phallo ea makenete ka har'a sefofane ke \(0.3 \, \text{Weber}\).
Potso ea 3: Liphetoho ho Flux ea Magnetic le Matla a Electromotive a Hlahisitsoeng (EMF)
Potso:
Terata e sekwere e bolelele ba lehlakore ba limithara tse 0,5 e beoa tšimong e tšoanang ea makenete ea 0,8 Tesla. Haeba matla a makenete a fetoha ho tloha ho 0,8 Tesla ho ea ho 0 Tesla ka metsotsoana e 2, bala matla a motlakase a hlahisoang ke motsamao (EMF) a hlahisoang teratang.
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– \( L = 0.5 \, m \) (bolelele ba lehlakore)
– \( B_1 = 0.8 \, T \)
– \( B_2 = 0 \, T \)
– \( \Delta t = 2 \, s \)
Sebaka sa sekoere se sekwere:
\[ A = L^2 = (0.5)^2 = 0.25 \, m^2 \]
Phetoho ho phallo ea makenete (\(\Delta \Phi\)):
\[ \Delta \Phi = \Phi_2 – \Phi_1 \]
\[ \Phi_1 = B_1 \cdot A = 0.8 \, T \makgetlo 0.25 \, m^2 = 0.2 \, Wb \]
\[ \Phi_2 = B_2 \cdot A = 0 \makgetlo 0.25 \, m^2 = 0 \, Wb \]
\[ \Delta \Phi = 0 – 0.2 = -0.2 \, Wb \]
EMF e hlahisitsoeng (\(\epsilon\)) e hlahisitse:
\[ \epsilon = – \frac{\ Delta \Phi}{\Delta t} \]
\[ \epsilon = – \frac{-0.2 \, Wb}{2 \, s} \]
\[ \epsilon = 0.1 \, V \]
Kahoo, EMF e hlahisitsoeng ka hara terata ke 0.1 Volt.
Potso ea 4: Ho se be le ho phatloha ha makenete
Potso:
Sekotjana sa terata se nang le sebaka sa limithara tse lisekoere tse 0,05 se beoa ka tsela e ts'oanang le matla a makenete a 1,0 Tesla. Bala phallo ea makenete ka sekotjana sa terata.
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala:
– (A = 0.05, m^2)
– \( B = 1.0 \, T \)
– \(\theta = 90^\circ\) (hobane e bapile)
Kaha matla a makenete a bapile le sefofane, joale:
\[ \Phi = B \cdot A \cdot \cos(\theta) \]
\[ \Phi = 1.0 \, T \nako 0.05 \, m^2 \nako \cos(90^\circ) \]
\[ \Phi = 1.0 \makgetlo 0.05 \makgetlo 0 \]
\[ \Phi = 0 \, Wb \]
Kahoo, phallo ea makenete e fetang ka hara sekgoqetsane sa terata ke \(0 \, \text{Weber} \).
Qetello
Ho utloisisa mohopolo le ho bala phallo ea makenete ho bohlokoa fisiks, haholo-holo thutong ea electromagnetism. Phallo ea makenete e lekanya matla a matla a makenete a fetang sebakeng 'me e susumetsoa ke boholo ba matla a makenete, sebaka sa sebaka seo, le sekhutlo se pakeng tsa matla a makenete le se tloaelehileng sebakeng seo. Ka ho buisana ka mehlala e kaholimo, ho tšeptjoa hore u tla utloisisa hamolemo mokhoa oa ho bala le ho sekaseka phallo ea makenete tlas'a maemo a fapaneng. Ho tsoela pele ho ikoetlisa ho tla thusa ho tebisa kutloisiso ea hau ea mohopolo ona.
