Mehlala ea Lipotso le Puisano mabapi le Mokhoa oa ho Etsa Li-Colloid
Colloid ke motsoako oo likaroloana tsa karolo e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta li ajoang ka ho lekana ho pholletsa le mokhoa oa ho hasana. Colloid e na le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi, ho tloha lijong le litlolong ho ea meriana le indastering. Ho utloisisa hamolemo hore na colloid e etsoa joang, ha re qaleng ka ho buisana ka mathata a mang a amanang le eona.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 1: Ho Etsa Li-Colloid ho Sebelisa Mokhoa oa ho Hasana
Potso: Hlalosa mokhoa oa ho hasanya ha ho etsoa li-colloid 'me u fane ka mehlala e tiileng ea kamoo mokhoa ona o sebelisoang kateng indastering kapa lipatlisisong.
Puisano:
Mokhoa oa ho hasanya o kenyelletsa ho arola likaroloana tse kholo ka tse nyane ho fihlela li fihla boholo ba colloidal (1-1000 nm). Mekhoa e meng e sebelisoang mokhoeng oa ho hasanya e kenyelletsa:
– Ho sila: Disebediswa tse mahoashe di silwa ho sebediswa sesebediswa se ikgethang sa ho sila ho fihlela di fihla boholong ba dikarolwana tsa colloidal. Mohlala, indastering ya pente, di-pigment tsa mebala di silwa ho hlahisa dikarolwana tse ntle tsa pigment tse arotsweng ka ho lekana.
– Peptization: Ts'ebetso ea ho fetola likaroloana tse mahoashe hore e be likaroloana tsa colloidal ka ho eketsa moemeli oa emulsifying kapa moemeli oa peptizing. Mohlala, ho eketsa li-ion kapa li-surfactant tse ka tsitsisang likaroloana tsa colloidal.
– Ho Kopanya Mekaniki: Ho sebedisa disebediswa tsa mekaniki tse kang di-ultrasonicator ho roba dikarolwana ka boholo bo bonyenyane.
Mohlala oa sebele oa mokhoa oa ho hasanya ke tlhahiso ea enke ea khatiso. Li-pigment tse ka har'a enke li siloa ho fihlela li le nanoscale ho netefatsa boleng bo hlakileng le bo lekanang ba khatiso.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 2: Ho Etsa Li-Colloid ka Mokhoa oa ho Koahela
Potso: Hlalosa mokhoa oa ho kolobisa ha ho etsoa li-colloid 'me u fane ka mohlala o tobileng oa kamoo mokhoa ona o sebelisoang kateng ho foromong ea li-colloid.
Puisano:
Mokhoa oa ho kopanya limolek'hule tse nyane (li-monomere) hore e be likaroloana tse kholoanyane ho fihlela li fihla boholo ba colloidal. Mekhoa e meng e tloaelehileng e sebelisoang mokhoeng oa ho kopanya ke:
– Likarabelo tsa lik'hemik'hale: Likarabelo tsa limolek'hule tse fellang ka ho thehoa ha likaroloana tsa colloidal. Mohlala, ho thehoa ha sol ea khauta ho etsoa ka ho fokotsa tharollo ea chloride ea khauta (AuCl3) ho sebelisoa moemeli o fokotsang joalo ka formaldehyde ho theha likaroloana tsa khauta ea colloidal.
– Ho futhumatsa tharollo e kgotsheng: Ts'ebetso ena e kenyelletsa ho fetola motsoako ho tswa tharollong e kgotsheng, e leng se etsang hore dikarolwana tsa colloidal di thehe. Mohlala, tharollo ya sodium thiosulfate e futhumatswa, e leng se etsang hore motsoako o tswe mouoane mme o thehe dikarolwana tsa colloidal sebabole.
– Kenyelletso ea lintho: Ts'ebetso ea pula ka ho eketsa lintho tse itseng tse bakang ho thehoa ha likaroloana tsa colloidal.
Mohlala o tobileng oa mokhoa oa ho kolobisa ke tlhahiso ea li-hydrocolloid sols bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa meriana. Mohlala, aluminium hydroxide hydrocolloid e sebelisoa e le moriana o thibelang asiti meriana.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 3: Botsitso ba Colloidal
Potso: Ke mabaka afe a susumetsang botsitso ba colloid mme a ka hlōloa joang haeba ho se tsitse ho hlaha?
Puisano:
Ho tsitsa ha Colloid ho susumetsoa haholo ke lintlha tse 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa:
– Tefiso ea bokaholimo ba likaroloana: Likaroloana tsa Colloidal li na le tefiso e tšoanang, kahoo lia lelekana 'me ha li kopane habonolo kapa ha li potlake. Pula e ka thibeloa ka ho eketsa li-stabilizer, tse kang li-surfactant kapa li-polymer.
– Ho ba le mahloriso a likaroloana: Ho ba le mahloriso a likaroloana a colloidal a phahameng haholo ho ka eketsa likamano tsa likaroloana le ho eketsa kotsi ea ho kopana. Ho ntlafatsa mahloriso a likaroloana hoa hlokahala.
– Mocheso le pH ea seaplane: Liphetoho mochesong le pH li ka fetola tjhaja ea bokaholimo ba likaroloana tsa colloidal 'me tsa ama botsitso ba tsona. Tšebeliso ea li-buffer tsa pH kapa taolo ea mocheso e ka boloka botsitso ba colloidal.
– Boteng ba dintho tse sitisang: Dintho tse ding tse sa laoleheng di ka sebelisana le dikarolwana tsa colloidal mme tsa ama botsitso ba tsona. Ditshebetso tsa tlhoekiso le ho eketswa ha di-additives di ka rarolla bothata bona.
Mohlala, ho tsitsisa li-emulsion tsa oli ka metsing, li-surfactant tse kang Tween-80 hangata li sebelisoa ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea interfacial le ho thibela karohano ea mekhahlelo.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 4: Ts'ebeliso ea Colloids Indastering
Potso: Bolela 'me u hlalose mekhoa e mengata ea li-colloid liindastering tse fapaneng.
Puisano:
Li-colloid li na le lits'ebetso tse ngata liindastering tse fapaneng ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa tsona tse ikhethang le tse sebetsang. Tse ling tsa lits'ebetso tsa li-colloid li kenyelletsa:
– Indasteri ea Lijo: Ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa lijo tse kang mayonnaise, lebese le ice cream, li-colloid li sebelisoa ho fana ka sebopeho se boreleli le botsitso bo lakatsehang.
– Indasteri ea Meriana: Li-Colloid li sebelisoa mefuteng ea meriana ho ntlafatsa ho fumaneha ha tsona, botsitso le tatso. Mohlala, li-suspension le li-emulsion ka har'a sirapo ea khohlela.
– Indasteri ea Litlolo: Lihlahisoa tsa litlolo tse kang litlolo tse tlotsitsoeng ka litlolo, litlolo tse lotion le mascara li sebelisa li-colloid ho fana ka maikutlo a boreleli ha li sebelisoa le ho eketsa katleho ea sehlahisoa.
– Indasteri ea Masela: Li-Colloid li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho daea ho netefatsa hore 'mala o lekana le o tšoarellang nako e telele masela. Mohlala, tšebeliso ea ho qhibiliha ha ho daea masela.
– Phekolo ea Metsi: Li-colloid tse kang li-coagulant le li-flocculant li sebelisoa kalafong ea metsi ho thibela likaroloana tse qhibilihisitsoeng hore metsi a khanye.
Qetello
Li-colloid li ka etsoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e fapaneng, joalo ka ho hasana le ho kolobisoa. Kutloisiso e batsi ea mekhoa ena e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sebelisa li-colloid masimong a fapaneng a indasteri. Botsitso le bona ke ntlha ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea li-colloid ho netefatsa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo. Litšebeliso tse ngata tsa indasteri tsa li-colloid li bontša karolo ea tsona ea bohlokoa bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Ka kutloisiso e ntle, re ka sebelisa li-colloid bakeng sa merero e fapaneng e molemo.
