Mehlala e 5 ea Molao oa Bobeli oa Kirchhoff
Hape ithute boitsebiso bo mabapi le Molao oa Kirchhoff le puisano ea lipotso tsa Molao oa Kirchhoff.
1. Potoloho ea motlakase e na le li-resistor tse 'ne, R 1 = 6 Ohm ka 'ngoe, R 2 = 6 Ohm, R 3 = 9 Ohm le R 4 = 3 Ohm tse hokahaneng le E 1 = 6 Volt, E 2 = 12 Volt joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se latelang. Motlakase o phallang ke….
A. 1/5 A
B. 2/5 A
C. 3/5 A
D. 4/5 A
E. 1 A
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)1) = 6 Ω
Mohanyetsi 2 (R)2) = 6 Ω
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)3) = 9 Ω
Mohanyetsi 4 (R)4) = 3 Ω
Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)1) = Li-volt tse 6
Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)2) = Li-volt tse 12
O botsitse: Motlakase o phallang potolohong (I)
Karabo:
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)1) le resistor 2 (R)2) e hokahantsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6
R12 = 6/2 = 3 Ω
Mehato ea ho rarolla bothata bona:
Taba ea pele , khetha tsela eo u e ratang hona joale. U ka khetha ho ea ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa ho ea ka lehlakoreng le leng.
Ea bobeli , ha motlakase o feta ka har'a khanyetso kapa resistor (R), ho na le phokotseho ea bokhoni hoo V = IR e leng negative.
Sa boraro , haeba motlakase o tloha ho tlase ho ya ho bokgoni bo hodimo (- ho ya ho +) jwale mohlodi wa emf (E) o tshwailwe o le motle hobane ho na le ho tlatswa ha matla mohloding wa emf. Haeba motlakase o tloha ho phahameng ho ya ho bokgoni bo tlase (+ ho ya ho -) jwale mohlodi wa emf (E) o tshwailwe o le mobe hobane ho na le ho ntshwa ha matla mohloding wa emf.
Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.
- IR12 - E1 – IR3 – IR4 +E2 = 0
– 3I – 6 – 9I – 3I + 12 = 0
– 3I – 9I – 3I = 6 – 12
– 15I = – 6
Ke = -6 /-15
I = 2/5 Ampere
2. Sheba setšoantšo se ka tlase sa tokisetso ea resistor! Boholo ba motlakase ho pholletsa le R 3 ke…
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala:
R 1 = 4 Ω
R 2 = 4 Ω
R 3 = 8 Ω
E botsitsoe: I 3
Karabo:
Tsela eo motlakase o tsamayang ka yona potolohong ya motlakase e ka hodimo e tshwana le tsela eo matsoho a oache a tsamayang ka yona, ho tloha ho bokgoni bo hodimo ho isa ho bokgoni bo tlase.
Taba ea pele , bala resistor e nkang sebaka (R). Kamora moo, bala hona joale u sebelisa molao oa Ohm : I = V / R
Sehanyetsi se nkelang sebaka:
Bala resistor e nkelang sebaka potolohong e kaholimo.
Mohanyetsi R1 le mohanyetsi R2 e hlophisitsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4
R12 = 4/2 = 2 Ω
Mohanyetsi R12 le mohanyetsi R3 e hlophisitsoe ka tatellano. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
R = R12 + R3 = 2 + 8 = 10 Ω
Motlakase o phallang ka ntle ho betri :
Ke = V / R = 40 / 10 = 4 Ampere
Molao oa Pele oa Kirchhoff e bolela hore bongata ba motlakase o kenang lekaleng bo lekana le bongata ba motlakase o tswang lekaleng leo. Ho latela molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff, ho fihletsoe qeto ea hore haeba motlakase o tsoang betring e le 4 Amperes, joale motlakase o fetang ka har'a ab o tšoana le 4 Amperes, ka ho tšoanang motlakase o fetang ka har'a bc ke 4 Amperes.
3. Sheba potoloho ea motlakase setšoantšong se ka tlase. Bala I 1 , I 2 le I 3.
Puisano
Motlakase o tloha ho bokgoni bo phahameng ho ya ho bokgoni bo tlase; motlakase o tloha ho terminal e ntle mme o ya ho terminal e mpe. Ka hona, ditaelo tsa maqhubu a I 1 le I 2 di kgethwa jwalo ka ha ho bontshitswe setshwantshong, ha tataiso ya motlakase wa I 3 e kgethwa ka boikemelo.
Taba ea pele , sebelisa molao oa pele oa Kirchhoff sebakeng sa lekala.
I 3 = I 1 + I 2 ………. equation 1
Ea bobeli , sebelisa molao oa bobeli oa Kirchhoff ho loop 1 (loop e ka letsohong le letšehali)
32 – 4 Ke 1 – 10 Ke 3 = 0
8 – Ke 1 – 2,5 Ke 3 = 0
………. equation 2
Sa boraro , sebelisa molao oa bobeli oa Kirchhoff ho loop 2 (loop e nepahetseng)
15 – 5 Ke 2 – 10 Ke 3 = 0
3 – Ke 2 – 2 Ke 3 = 0
………. equation 3
Kenya diekate tsa 2 le 3 sebakeng sa ekate ya 1:
Letšoao le fosahetseng le bolela hore tataiso ea I 2 e fapane le tataiso e khethiloeng ka holimo.
4. Potoloho ea motlakase e na le li-resistor tse 'ne, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le R1 = 12 Ohm, R2 = 12 Ohm, R3 = 3 Ohm le R4 = 6 Ohm e hokahane le E1 = Li-volt tse 6, E2 = Li-volt tse 12 joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se latelang. Motlakase o phallang ke….
A. 1/5 A
B. 2/5 A
C. 3/5 A
D. 4/5 A
E. 1 A
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)1) = 12 Ω
Mohanyetsi 2 (R)2) = 12 Ω
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)3) = 3 Ω
Mohanyetsi 4 (R)4) = 6 Ω
Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)1) = Li-volt tse 6
Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)2) = Li-volt tse 12
Ho batloa: Matla a phallo ea motlakase potolohong (I)
Karabo:
Bothata bona bo amana le molao oa Kirchhooff. Mehato le mokhoa oa ho rarolla bothata bona:
Taba ea pele, khetha tsela eo u e ratang ea hona joale. U ka khetha ho ea ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa ho ea ka lehlakoreng le leng.
Sa bobedi, ha motlakase o feta kganyeng kapa kganyetsong (R) ho na le phokotseho ya bokgoni hoo V = IR e leng mpe.
Sa boraro, haeba motlakase o tloha ho tlase ho ya ho bokgoni bo hodimo (- ho ya ho +) jwale mohlodi wa emf (E) o tshwailwe o le motle hobane ho na le ho tjhaja ha eneji mohloding wa emf. Haeba motlakase o tloha ho phahameng ho ya ho bokgoni bo tlase (+ ho ya ho -) jwale mohlodi wa emf (E) o tshwailwe o le mobe hobane ho na le ho ntsha matla mohloding wa emf.
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)1) le resistor 2 (R)2) e hokahantsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/12 + 1/12 = 2/12
R12 = 12/2 = 6 Ω
Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.
– IR12 - E1 – IR3 – IR4 +E2 = 0
– 6 I – 6 – 3I – 6I + 12 = 0
– 6I – 3I – 6I = 6 -12
– 15I = – 6
Ke = -6/-15
I = 2/5 Ampere
Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke 2/5 Ampere. Motlakase o motle o bontša hore tataiso ea motlakase e joalo ka ha ho lebeletsoe, ka lehlakoreng la oache.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.
5. Sheba potoloho e latelang ea motlakase! Boholo ba motlakase (I) o phallang potolohong ke….
A. 0,1 A
B. 0,2 A
C. 0,5 A
D. 1,0 A
E. 5,0 A
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Mohanyetsi 1 (R)1) = 10 Ω
Mohanyetsi 2 (R)2) = 6 Ω
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)3) = 5 Ω
Mohanyetsi 4 (R)4) = 20 Ω
Mohlodi wa emf 1 (E)1) = Li-volt tse 8
Mohlodi wa emf 2 (E)2) = Li-volt tse 12
Ho batloa: Matla a phallo ea motlakase potolohong (I)
Karabo:
Mohanyetsi 3 (R)3) le resistor 4 (R)4) e hokahantsoe ka ho bapa. Resistor e nkelang sebaka ke:
1 / R34 = 1/R3 +1/R4 = 1/5 + 1/20 = 4/20 + 1/20 = 5/20
R34 = 20/5 = 4 Ω
Ha ho rarolloa bothata bona, tataiso ea hona joale e khethoa hore e shebane le oache.
– IR1 – IR2 - E1 – IR34 +E2 = 0
– 10I – 6I – 8 – 4I + 12 = 0
– 10I – 6I – 4I = 8 – 12
– 20I = – 4
Ke = -4/-20
I = 1/5 Ampere
I = 0,2 Ampere
Motlakase o phallang potolohong ke 1/5 Ampere. Motlakase o motle o bontša hore tataiso ea motlakase e joalo ka ha ho lebeletsoe, ka lehlakoreng la oache.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.
