Mohlala oa lipotso tsa matla a motlakase

Mohlala oa Lipotso tsa Matla a Motlakase

1. Electron e potlakiswa ho tloha phomolong ka phapang e ka bang teng ea li-volt tse 12. Phetoho ea matla a ka bang teng a electron ke efe?
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Mojaro Electron e le 'ngoe (e) = -1,60 x 10^-19 Coulomb
Phapang ea bokhoni ba motlakase = motlakase oa motlakase (V) = 12 Volts
O botsitse: Phetoho ea matla a ka bang teng a elektrone (ΔEP)
Karabo:
ΔEP = q V = (-1,60 x 10^-19 C(12 V) = -19,2 x 10^-19 Joule
Letšoao le fosahetseng le bolela matla a motlakase ea fokotseha. Ha e le haufi le poleiti e chajileng hampe, matla a motlakase a elektrone a fihla boemong ba eona bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa. Kamora ho fihla haufi le poleiti e chajileng hantle, matla a motlakase a elektrone a fihla boemong ba eona bo tlase.

2. Lipoleiti tse peli tse bapileng li tjhajwa ka tsela e ntle le e mpe. Tšimo ea motlakase pakeng tsa lipoleiti tse peli ke 500 Volts/mithara. Sebaka pakeng tsa lipoleiti tse peli ke 2 cm. Fumana phetoho ea matla a ka bang teng a proton ha e tloha poleiting e tjhajwang ka tsela e ntle ho ea poleiting e tjhajwang ka tsela e mpe!
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Tšimo ea motlakase pakeng tsa lipoleiti tse peli (E) = 500 Volts/meter
Sebaka se pakeng tsa lipoleiti tse peli = 2 cm = 0,02 metres
Tefiso ea proton = +1,60 x 10^-19 Coulomb
O botsitse: Phetoho ea matla a motlakase (ΔEP)
Karabo:

Qala ka ho bala phapang e ka bang teng kapa motlakase oa motlakase :

V = E s
V = (Li-volt tse 500/mithara)(limithara tse 0,02)
V = 10 Volt

Liphetoho matla a motlakase:

ΔEP = q V
ΔEP = (1,60 x 10^-19 C(10 V)
ΔEP = 16 x 10^-19 Joule
ΔEP = 1,6 x 10^-18 Joule

Ha e le haufi le poleiti e nang le tjhaja e ntle, matla a motlakase a proton a fihla hodimo haholo. Ha e fihla haufi le poleiti e nang le tjhaja e mpe, matla a motlakase a proton a fihla hodimo haholo. Ka hona, ha e tloha poleiting e nang le tjhaja e ntle ho ya poleiting e nang le tjhaja e mpe, matla a motlakase a proton a fokotseha.

3. Litefiso tse peli li hlophisitsoe joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka tlase. Tefiso ho A ke +9 μC 'me tefiso ho B ke -4 μC. Sephetho sa Coulomb (k) = 9 x 10⁹ Nm²C^-2, 1 μC = 10^-6 C. Matla a motlakase a tjhaja B a fetoha hakae haeba a fetohela ho tjhaja A?
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Tefiso A (q)₁) = +9 μC = +9 x 10^-6 C
Tefiso B (q)₁) = -4 μC = -4 x 10^-6 C
Sephetho sa Coulomb (k) = 9 x 10⁹ Nm²C^-2
Sebaka se pakeng tsa litefiso A le B (r) = 10 cm = 0,1 metres = 10^-1 mitha
O botsitse: Phetoho ea matla a motlakase a tefiso B haeba e fetohela ho tjhaja A
Karabo:

Tefiso ea B e fetela ho tjhaja A e le hore matla a eona a motlakase a fokotsehe ka li-Joules tse 2,4.
Sena se tšoana le ntho e boima e theohelang tlase ho ea lefatšeng e le hore bophahamo ba eona le matla a khoheli a fokotseha.

4. Karoloana e nang le tjhaja ya \( q = 5 \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \) C e bewa tshimong ya motlakase e nang le bokgoni ba \( V = 300 \) V. Matla a bokgoni ba motlakase a karoloana ke afe?

Puisano:
Matla a motlakase a fanoa ke:
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ U = 5 \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \makgetlo a 300 \]
\[ U = 1.5 \makgetlo a 10^{-3} \] J

5. Electron e beoa tšimong ea motlakase e nang le matla a 500 V. Matla a matla a motlakase a electron ke afe?

Puisano:
Tefiso ea elektrone \( q = -1.6 \makhetlo a 10^{-19} \) C.
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ U = -1.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \makgetlo a 500 \]
\[ U = -8 \makgetlo a 10^{-17} \] J

6. Proton e tloha ho bokgoni ba 100 V ho ya ho 200 V. Phetoho ya matla a yona a bokgoni ke efe?

Puisano:
Tefiso ea proton \( q = 1.6 \makhetlo a 10^{-19} \) C.
\[ \Delta U = q \times \Delta V \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \makgetlo (200 - 100) \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-17} \] J

7. Lintho tse peli tse nang le litefiso \( q_1 = 2 \times 10^{-6} \) C le \( q_2 = -3 \times 10^{-6} \) C li behiloe tšimong ea motlakase e nang le bokhoni ba \( V = 400 \) V. Ke matla afe a ka bang teng a lintho tse peli?

Puisano:
\[ U_1 = q_1 \makhetlo a V \]
\[ U_2 = q_2 \makhetlo a V \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = U_1 + U_2 \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = (2 \ka makhetlo a 10^{-6} + (-3 \ka makhetlo a 10^{-6})) \ka makhetlo a 400 \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = -4 \makgetlo a 10^{-3} \] J

8. Ione e nang le tjhaja \( q = 4e \) (moo \( e \) e leng tjhaja ya motheo) e leng tshimong ya motlakase e nang le tjhaja \( V = 250 \) V. Matla a tjhaja a motlakase a ione ke afe?

Puisano:
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ U = 4 \makgetlo a 1.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \makgetlo a 250 \]
\[ U = 1.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-16} \] J

9. Hoa tsebahala hore karoloana e nang le tjhaja ya \( q = -7 \times 10^{-5} \) C e na le matla a ka bang teng a \( 2 \times 10^{-2} \) J. Matla a tshimo ya motlakase moo karoloana e leng teng ke afe?

Puisano:
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ V = \frac{U}{q} \]
\[ V = \frac{2 \times 10^{-2}}{-7 \times 10^{-5}} \]
\[ V = -285.71 \] V

10. Lintho tse peli tse nang le litefiso \( q_1 = 5e \) le \( q_2 = -2e \) li tšimong ea motlakase e nang le bokhoni ba \( V = 300 \) V. Ke matla afe a ka bang teng a lintho tse peli?

Puisano:
\[ U_1 = q_1 \makhetlo a V \]
\[ U_2 = q_2 \makhetlo a V \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = U_1 + U_2 \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = (5 \ka makhetlo a 1.6 \ka makhetlo a 10^{-19} – 2 \ka makhetlo a 1.6 \ka makhetlo a 10^{-19}) \ka makhetlo a 300 \]
\[ U_{kakaretso} = 1.44 \makgetlo a 10^{-16} \] J

11. Ione e nang le tjhaja \( q = -3e \) e na le matla a ka bang teng a \( -9.6 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \) J. Matla a tshimo ya motlakase moo ion e leng teng ke afe?

Puisano:
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ V = \frac{U}{q} \]
\[ V = \frac{-9.6 \times 10^{-19}}{-3 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}} \]
\[ V = 200 \] V

12. Hoa tsebahala hore matla a motlakase a tjhaja \(q \) tshimong ya motlakase e nang le tjhaja \( V = 450 \) V ke \( 9 \makgetlo a 10^{-18} \) J. Tjhaja ke eng \(q \)?

Puisano:
\[ U = q \makhetlo V \]
\[ q = \frac{U}{V} \]
\[q = \frac{9 \makgetlo a 10^{-18}}{450} \]
\[q = 2 \makgetlo a 10^{-20} \] C

13. Tefiso e ntle \( q = 1.5 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \) C e suthiswa ho tloha ntlheng e nang le bokgoni \( V_1 = 100 \) V ho ya ho \( V_2 = 500 \) V. Phetoho ya matla a kgonehang ke efe?

Puisano:
\[ \Delta U = q \times \Delta V \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.5 \makgetlo a 10^{-19} \makgetlo (500 - 100) \]
\[ \Delta U = 6 \makgetlo a 10^{-17} \] J