Physics

Adeegsiga ilaalinta tamarta farsamada ee dhaqdhaqaaqa dhicitaanka xorta ah - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Jir 1-kg ah ayaa si xor ah uga soo dhacaya nasashada, isagoo ka soo dhacaya dherer dhan 80 m. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 m/s ^2. Waa maxay tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa marka jirku dhulka ku dhaco.

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Dhererka (h) = 80 m

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa marka jirku dhulka ku dhaco

Xalka:

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah (ME _o) = tamar awood u leh cufisjiidadka (PE)

M E _o= P E = mgh = (1)(10)(80) = 800 Joules

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa (M E _t) = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa (K E )

Mabda'a ilaalinta tamarta farsamada :

M E _o= M E _t

P E = K E

800 = K E

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa waa 800 Joules.

2. Jirka oo 4-kg ah oo aan lahayn meel uu ka soo dhaco nasasho, laga bilaabo dherer dhan 10 m. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 ms ^–2 . Waa maxay tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo xawaaraha 5 mitir ee ka sarreeya dhulka.

La yaqaan:

Isbeddelka dhererka (h) = 10 – 5 = 5 mitir s

Cufnaanta (m) = 4 kg

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa oo 5 mitir ka sarreysa dhulka iyo xawaaraha oo 5 mitir ka sarreeya dhulka

Xalka:

(a) Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa oo 5 mitir ka sarreysa dhulka

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah (M E _o) = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka (P E )

M E _o= P E = mgh = (4)(10)(5) = 200 Joules

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa (EM _t) = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa (EK)

M E _t= K E

Mabda'a ilaalinta tamarta farsamada ayaa sheegaya in tamarta farsamada bilowga ah = tamarta farsamada ugu dambeysa.

M E _o= M E _t

200 = K E

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ee 5 mitir ka sarreysa dhulka waa 200 Joules.

(b) xawaare 5 mitir ka sarreeya dhulka

Tamarta farsamada bilowga ah (M E _o) = tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa (M E _t)

P E = K E

200 = ½ mv ²

2(200) / 4 = v ²

100 = v ²

v = √100

v = 10 m/s

Xawaaraha jirka ee 5 mitir ka sarreeya dhulka waa 10 m/s.

3. Cambe si xor ah ayuu uga dhacaa nasashada, isagoo ka soo dhacaya dherer dhan 2 mitir. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 ms ^–2 . Go'aami xawaaraha cambe marka uu dhulka ku dhaco.

La yaqaan:

Dhererka (h) = 2 mitir ilbiriqsi

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La rabay: xawaaraha cambe marka uu dhulka ku dhaco.

Xalka:

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah (M E _o) = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka (P E )

M E = P E = mgh = m (10)(2) = 20 m

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa (M E _t) = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa (K E )

M E _t= K E = ½ mv ²

Mabda'a ilaalinta tamarta farsamada ayaa sheegaya in tamarta farsamada bilowga ah = tamarta farsamada ugu dambeysa.

M E _o= M E _t

20 m = ½ mv ²

20 = ½ v ²

2(20) = v ²

40 = v ²

v = √40 = √(4)(10) = 2√10 m/ s

[wpdm_package id='1166′]

Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Adeegsiga ilaalinta tamarta farsamada ee dhaqdhaqaaqa toosan ee xilliga dayrta xorta ah - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Qof ayaa dhagax 1-kg ah kor u tuuraya 2 m/s isagoo taagan geeska dhagax si dhagaxu ugu dhaco salka dhagaxa 40 mitir hoos. Waa maxay tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa dhagaxa ee 10 mitir dhulka ka sarreeya? Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka g = 10 m/s ².

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 2 m/s

Isbeddelka dhererka = 40 - 10 = 30 mitir

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa dhagaxa oo 10 mitir ka sarreysa dhulka

Xalka:

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka bilowga ah (EP) = mgh = (1)(10)(30) = 300 Joules

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah (KE) = ½ mv _o² = ½ (1)(2) ² = ½ (4) = 2 Joules

Tamarta farsamada bilowga ah = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka bilowga ah + tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah = 300 + 2 = 302 Joules.

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka bilowga ah + tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah = 300 + 2 = 302 Joules.

2. Qofku wuxuu hawada ku tuuraa shay 1-kg ah oo kor u socda iyadoo xawaare bilow ah uu yahay 10 m/s. Go'aami (a) tamarta cufisjiidadka ee dhererka ugu badan (b) dhererka ugu badan.

Xawaaraha cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 m/s ²

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o ) = 10 m/s

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo : tamarta cufisjiidadka ee dhererka ugu badan iyo dhererka ugu badan

Xalka:

(a) tamarta cufisjiidadka ee dhererka ugu sarreeya

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah:

Tamarta farsamada bilowga ah (ME) = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah (KE) = ½ mv _o² = ½ (1)(10) ² = ½ (100) = 50 Joules.

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa:

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa (ME) = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka (PE)

Mabda'a ilaalinta tamarta farsamada:

Tamarta farsamada bilowga ah = tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa

KE = PE

50 = PE

Tamarta cufisjiidadka waa 50 Joules.

(b) Dhererka ugu badan

PE = mgh

50 = (1)(10) saac

50 = 10 saacadood

h = 50 / 10 = 5 mitir

Dhererka ugu badan waa 5 mitir dhulka ka sarreeya.

[wpdm_package id='1174′]

Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Cufnaan 2-kg ah ayaa lagu dhejiyay guga. Haddii dheereynta gu'gu ay tahay 4 cm, go'aami tamarta suurtagalka ah ee gu'ga dabacsan . Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 m/s ².

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 2 kg

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

Miisaanka (w) = mg = (2)(10) = 20 N

Dheereynta (x) = 4 cm = 0.04 m

La Doonayo: Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan

Xalka:

Qaacidda sharciga Hooke :

F = kx

F = xoog, k = joogto guga, x = isbeddelka dhererka guga

Joogtada guga:

k = w / x = 20 / 0.04 = 500 N/m

Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga laastikada ah:

PE = ½ kx ² = ½ (500) (0.04) ² = (250) (0.0016) = 0.4 Joules

Xal kale:

PE = ½ kx ² = ½ (w / x) x ² = ½ wx = ½ mgx

w = miisaan, m = cufnaan, x = isbeddelka dhererka guga

PE = ½ (2) (10) (0.04) = (10) (0.04) = 0.4 Joules.

2. Dheeraynta gu'ga oo lagu fidiyo xoog F = 50 N waa 10 cm. Waa maxay tamarta suurtagalka ah ee gu'ga dabacsan haddii dheereynta gu'gu ay tahay 12 cm.

La yaqaan:

Dheereynta (x) = 10 cm = 0.1 m

Xoogga (F) = 50 N

La Doonayo : Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan

Xalka:

Joogtada guga:

k = F / x = 50 / 0.1 = 500 N/m

Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan haddii dhererka gu'gu yahay 12 cm.:

PE = ½ kx ² = ½ (500) (0.12) ² = (250) (0.0144) = 3.6 Joules.

3. Garaafka F iyo x ee lagu muujiyey sawirka hoose. Waa maxay tamarta suurtagalka ah ee gu'ga laastikada ah, haddii dheereynta gu'gu ay tahay 10 cm.

Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 5 N

Dheeraynta gu'ga (x) = 2 cm = 0.02 m

La Rabo: Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga dabacsan haddii dhererka gu'gu yahay 0.1 m.

Xalka:

Joogtada guga:

k = F / x = 5 / 0.02 = 250 N/m

Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga laastikada ah haddii dhererka gu'gu yahay 0.1 m:

PE = ½ kx ² = ½ (250) (0.1) ² = (125) (0.01) = 1.25 Joules.

4. Ciyaaryahan ayaa ku boodaya qalab muusig oo miisaankiisu yahay 500 N, gu'guna wuxuu soo gaabinayaa 4 cm. Go'aami xaddiga tamarta suurtagalka ah ee lagu qasbi karo ciyaaryahanka.

A. 20 Joule

B. 10 Joule

C. 5 Joule

D. 2 Joule

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 500 N

Isbeddelka dhererka guga (Δx) = 4 cm = 0.04 m

La Doonayo: Tamarta suurtagalka ah ee guga

Xalka:

Xisaabi joogtada laastikada ah ee guga adoo isticmaalaya isle'egta sharciga Hooke:

k = F / Δx = 500 N / 0.04 m = 12500 N/m

Tamarta laastikada ee guga:

PE = ½ k Δx ² = ½ (12500) (0.04) ² = (6250) (0.0016)

PE = 10 Joule

Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.

5. Gu' marka la laalaado oo miisaankiisu yahay 500 garaam, dhererkiisu wuxuu kordhaa 5 cm. Go'aami joogtada iyo tamartiisa suurtagalka ah.

La yaqaan:

Cufka shayga (m) = 500 garaam = (500/1000) kg = 5/10 kg = 0.5 kg

Dardargelinta (g) = 10 m/s ²

Miisaanka walaxda (w) = mg = (0.5 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 5 kg m/s ² = 5 Newtons

Isbeddelka dhererka guga (Δx) = 5 cm = 0.05 m

La Doonayo: joogtada guga (k) iyo tamarta suurtagalka ah (PE)

Xalka:

Marka hore, xisaabi joogtada gu'ga adoo isticmaalaya isle'egta sharciga Hooke:

k = w / Δx = 5 N / 0.05 m = 100 N/m

Laastikada suurtagalka ah ee guga:

PE = ½ k Δx ² = ½ (100) (0.05) ² = (50) (0.0025)

PE = 0.125 Joule

[wpdm_package id='1179′]

Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Jir 1-kg ah oo aan lahayn meel uu ka soo dhaco nasashada, laga bilaabo dherer 10 m ah.

Go'aami:

(a) Shaqada lagu qabto xoogga cufisjiidadka

(b) Isbeddelka tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1 La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Dhererka (h) = 10 m

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

Miisaanka (w) = mg = (1 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 10 N

Xalka:

(a) Shaqada lagu qabto xoogga cufisjiidadka

W = wh = mgh

W = (1)(10)(10) = 100 Joule

(b) Isbeddelka tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka

Isbeddelka tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka waxay la mid tahay shaqada uu qabto cufisjiidadka.

Δ EP = 100 Joule

2. Shay 10 N ah ayaa hoos ugu simbiririxanaya diyaaradda siman ee 2 mitir u janjeerta. Go'aami shaqada lagu qabtay xoogga miisaanka!

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2 La yaqaan:

miisaanka (w) = 10 N

w _x= w dembi θ = (10) ( dembi 30 ^o ) = (10) (0.5) = 5 N

d = 2 m

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: shaqada lagu sameeyo xoog miisaan

Xalka:

W = F d = w _x d = (5)(2) = 10 Joules

Xal kale:

Dem 30 ^o = h / d

0.5 = saac / 2

h = (0.5)(2)

h = 1m

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga miisaanka;

W = F d = wh = (10 N)(1 m) = 10 N m = 10 Joules

3. Shay 1,500 garaam ah oo 20 mitir ka sarreeya dhulka , si xor ah ayuu dhulka ugu dhacayaa. Waa maxay tamarta cufisjiidadka ee shayga. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 m/s ².

La yaqaan:

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

Cufnaanta (m) = 1500 garaam = 1500/1000 kiilo garaam = 1.5 kiilo garaam

Dhererka (h) = 20 mitir

La Doonayo: Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka

Xalka:

PE = mgh = (1.5 kg)(10 m/s ² )(20 m) = 300 kg m ² /s ² = 300 Joules

4. Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka hoose, haddii cufka shayga 1 uu yahay 2 kg miisaanka shayga 2na uu yahay 4 kg, isbarbardhigga tamarta suurtagalka ah ee shayga 1 iyo shayga 2 waa …..

La yaqaan:

Cufka shayga 1 (m₁) = 2 kiilo garaam Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 5

Cufka shayga 2 (m2 ₎ = 4 kiilogaraam

Dhererka 1 (saacad ₁ ) = 12 mitir

Dhererka 2 (saacad ₂ ) = 9 mitir

La Doonayo: Isbarbardhigga tamarta suurtagalka ah ee shayga 1aad iyo shayga 2aad

Xalka:

PE = mgh

m = cufnaan (cutubkeeda caalamiga ah waa kiilogaraam, oo la soo gaabiyey kg)

g = dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (cutubkeeda caalamiga ah waa mitir ilbiriqsigiiba laba jibbaaran, oo loo soo gaabiyo m/s ² )

h = dherer (cutubkeeda caalamiga ah waa mitir, oo loo soo gaabiyo m)

PE = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka (cutubkeeda caalamiga ah waa kg m ² / s ² ama Joule)

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka ee shayga 1aad:

EP ₁ = m ₁ gh ₁ = (2) (g) (12) = 24 g

Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka ee shayga 2aad:

EP ₂ = m ₂ gh ₂ = (4) (g) (9) = 36 g

Isbarbardhigga tamarta suurtagalka ah ee shayga 1aad iyo shayga 2aad:

PE ₁ : PE ₂

24 g: 36 g

24: 36

24/12: 36/12

2: 3

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Sanduuq 2-kg ah ayaa hoos u dhacaya 10 m/s ilaa nasasho. Isku-darka is-jiidjiidka dhaqdhaqaaqa waa 0.2. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 m/s ^2. Waa maxay baaxadda barokaca?

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

La yaqaan;

Cufnaanta (m) = 2 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 10 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 0 m/s

Isugeynta is-xoqidda dhaqdhaqaaqa ( _μk) = 0.2

Miisaanka (w) = mg = (1 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 10 kg m/s ² = 10 N

La Doonayo: Baaxadda barokaca (d)

Xalka:

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada :

W _nc= ΔEM

W _nc= ΔEK + ΔEP

W _nc= ½ m (v _t² – vo _o² ) + mgh

W _nc= shaqo uu qabto xoog aan muxaafid ahayn oo ku shaqeeya shayga

ΔEK = isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

ΔEP = isbeddelka tamarta suurtagalka ah

m = cufnaan

v = xawaare

g = dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed

h = isbeddelka dhererka

Isbeddelka dhererka h = 0 sidaas darteed ΔEP = 0

W _nc= ΔEK

Shaqada ay qabtaan xoog aan muxaafid ahayn:

W _nc= -F _cd = – μ _kN d = – μ _kwd = – _μkmgd

W _nc= -(0.2)(2)(10)(s)

W _nc= – (4)(2)

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada xoogga is-jiidjiidka uu ka soo horjeedo jihada barokaca.

Isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa:

ΔEK = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² ) = ½ (2) (0 - 10 ² ) = 0 - 100 = -100

Baaxadda barokaca:

W _nc= ΔEK

– 4 ilbiriqsi = – 100

s = -100/-4

s = 25 m

2. Baloog ayaa hoos ugu dhacaya meel u janjeerta. Isugeynta isjiidjiidka dhaqdhaqaaqa waa 0.4. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa g = 10 ms ^-2 . Go'aami xawaaraha ugu dambeeya marka balooggu dhulka ku dhaco.

La yaqaan: Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

Dhererka bilowga ah (h _o) = 6 m

Dhererka ugu dambeeya (h _t) = 0 m

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o) = 0

Isugeynta is-xoqidda dhaqdhaqaaqa ( _μk) = 0.4

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka (g) = 10 ms ^-2

cos θ = 8/10

Qaybta toosan ee miisaanka = w _y= w cos θ = mg cos θ = m (10) (8/10) = m (10)(4/5) = m (40/5) = 8 m

Xoogga caadiga ah = N = w _y= 8 m

Xoogga is-jiidjiidka = f _k= μ _kN = μ _kw _y= (0.4)(8 m) = 3.2 m

La Doonayo: Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t)

Xalka:

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada:

W _nc= Δ EM

W _nc= Δ EK + Δ EP

Isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa:

ΔEK = 1/2 m (v_t² - v_o²) = 1/2 m (v_t² - 0) = 1/2 mv_t²

Isbeddelka ku yimaada tamarta suurtagalka ah:

Δ EP = mg (h _t– h _o) = m (10)(0-6) = m (10)(-6) = – 60 m

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga isku dhaca dhaqdhaqaaqa:

W _nc= – f _ks = – ( 3.2 m)(10) = – 32 m

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada xoogga ee is-jiidjiidka uu ka soo horjeedo jihada barokaca.

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya (v _t):

W _nc= Δ EK + Δ EP

- 32 m = 1/2 mv _t² - 60 m

– 32 m = m (1/2 v _t² – 60)

– 32 = 1/2 v _t² – 60

– 32 + 60 = 1/2 v _t²

28 = 1/2 v _t²

2 (28) = v _t²

56 = v _t²

v _t= √4.14

v _t= 2 √14 ms ^-1

3. Baloog ayaa hoos ugu dhacaya meel u janjeerta si qallafsan. Xawaaraha bilowga ah waa 0 m/s, xawaaraha kama dambaysta ahna waa 10 ms ^-1 . Haddii xoogga is-jiidjiidku yahay 2 N iyo dardargelinta ay sabab u tahay cufisjiidadka g = 10 ms ^-2 , waa maxay dhererka (h)?

La yaqaan: Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 5

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 0 (nasashada baloogga)

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 10 ms ^-1

Dhererka bilowga ah (h _o) = h

Dhererka kama dambaysta ah (h _t) = 0

Xoogga is-jiidjiidka (f _k) = 2 N

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka (g) = 10 ms ^-2

La Rabay: Dhererka (h)

Xalka:

Shaqada waxaa lagu sameeyaa xoogga isku dhaca dhaqdhaqaaqa:

W _nc= – f _ks = – (2 )(15) = – 30

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada xoogga ee is-jiidjiidka uu ka soo horjeedo jihada barokaca.

Isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa:

ΔEK = 1/2 m (v_t² - v_o²) = 1/2 (1)(10² - 0) = 1/2 (10²) = 1/2 (100= 50

Isbeddelka ku yimaada tamarta suurtagalka ah:

Δ EP = mg (h _t– h _o) = (1)(10)(0-h) = (10)(-h) = -10 saacadood

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-farsamada:

W _nc= Δ EK + Δ EP

– 30 = 50 – 10 saacadood

10 saacadood = 50 + 30

10 saacadood = 80

h = 80/10

h = 8m

4Haddii baloog uu hoos ugu dhaco meel u janjeerta si qallafsan, markaas….
A. Shaqada ay ku qabato xoogga cufisjiidadka baloogga waxay ka weyn tahay isbeddelka tamarta suurtagalka ah ee baloogga
B. Tamarta farsamoyaqaanku way korodhaa
C. Tirada tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo tamarteeda suurtagalka ah ayaa la dhimay
D. Shaqada waxaa lagu qabtaa xoogga is-jiidjiidka oo la mid ah isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ee baloogga
Solution

A waa qalad

Shaqada ay ku qabato xoogga cufisjiidadka ee baloogga waxay la mid tahay isbeddelka tamarta cufisjiidadka ee baloogga.

B waa qalad

Haddii diyaaradda ku jirta c- da ay siman tahay markaa tamarta farsamada ee baloogga waa mid joogto ah. Marka ay ku taal dusha sare ee diyaaradda u janjeerta oo aan weli dhaqaaqin, tamarta farsamada ee baloogga waxay la mid tahay tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka. Balooggu wali wuu nasanayaa sidaa darteed tamartiisa dhaqdhaqaaqa waa eber. Marka ay hoos ugu socoto diyaarad u janjeerta, dhererka baloogga ayaa la dhimaa sidaas darteed tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka ayaa sidoo kale la dhimaa. Tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka ayaa hoos u dhacda sababtoo ah waxay isu beddeshaa tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa. In kasta oo tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka ay isu beddesho tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa laakiin tamarta farsamada waa mid joogto ah.

Haddii diyaaradda u janjeerta ay qallafsan tahay, tamarta farsamada ee baloogga ayaa hoos u dhacda sababtoo ah shaqada taban ee ay qabato xoogga is jiidjiidka. Xoogga is jiidjiidka waa xoog aan muxaafid ahayn. Shaqada ay qabato xoog aan muxaafid ahayn oo ku socda shay waxay sababtaa in tamarta farsamada ee shayga ay yaraato.

C waa sax

Diyaaradda u janjeerta waa mid qallafsan sidaa darteed waxaa jira xoog is jiidjiid ah oo caqabad ku ah dhaqdhaqaaqa baloogga. Xoogga is jiidjiidku waa xoog aan muxaafid ahayn. Tamarta shaqada-farsamada ee aragtiyeed waxay sheegaysaa in shaqada ay qabato xoog aan muxaafid ahayn (tusaale ahaan xoogga is jiidjiidku) ay la mid tahay isbeddelka tamarta farsamada. Raadintan, tamarta farsamada ayaa hoos u dhacaysa.

Tamarta farsamada ee baloogga = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka + tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa.

D waa qalad.

Shaqada ay qabato xoogga is jiidjiidka ee ku yaal baloogga waxay la mid tahay isbeddelka tamarta farsamada ee baloogga, ee maaha isbeddelka tamarta is jiidjiidka ee baloogga. Run ahaantii xoogga is jiidjiidka ayaa caqabad ku ah dhaqdhaqaaqa baloogga sidaas darteed waxay yareysaa xawaaraha baloogga waxayna yareysaa tamarta is jiidjiidka ee baloogga. Laakiin ogaaw in tamarta is jiidjiidka ee baloogga ay ka timaaddo tamarta awoodda cufisjiidka. Markaa waa run in shaqada la qabto iyadoo la siman yahay isbeddelka tamarta farsamada (tamarta farsamada ayaa hoos u dhacda).

Jawaabta saxda ah waa C.

5. Shay ku yaal dabaq qallafsan ayaa la garaacaa si uu u dhaqaaqo 3 ilbiriqsi ka dibna wuu joogsadaa. Haddii cufka la yaqaan ee shaygu yahay 10 garaam, xoogga is-jiidjiid ee u dhexeeya shayga iyo dabaqa waa 2 kilodyne. Go'aami shaqada ay qabatay xoogga is-jiidjiidku.

A. 0.18 J

B. -0.18 J

C. 0.36 J

D. -0.36 J

La yaqaan:

Muddada (t) = 3 ilbiriqsi

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 0 m/s (nasashada walxaha)

Cufka shayga (m) = 10 garaam = 10/1000 kg = 1/100 kg = 0.01 kg

Xoog-jiidh (F) = 2 kilodynes = 2 x 10 ³ dynes

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W) waxaa qabta xoog is jiidjiid ah

Xalka:

Beddelka cutubyada xoogga:

1 Newton = 1 x 10 ⁵ dyne

1 dyne = 1 / 10 ⁵ Newtons = 1 x 10 ^-5 Newtons = 10 ^-5 Newtons

Xoogga is-jiidjiidashada (F) = 2 x 10 ³ dyne = 2 x 10 ³ x 10 ^-5 Newton = 2 x 10 ^-2 Newton = 2/100 Newton = 0.02 Newton

Tamarta shaqada-farsamada ee Theorem waxay sheegaysaa in shaqada ay qabato xoog aan muxaafid ahayn oo ku socda shay la mid ah isbeddelka tamarta farsamada ee shayga.

Haddii shay uu ku socdo diyaaradda u janjeerta markaas tamarta farsamada (ME) = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka (PE) + tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa (KE). Laakiin haddii shaygu uu ku socdo diyaarad toosan sidaas darteed ma jiro isbeddel ku yimaada dhererka tamarta farsamada = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa. Diyaaradda toosan, tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka waa eber sababtoo ah ma jiro isbeddel ku yimaada dhererka.

Xoogga is-jiidjiidku waa xoog aan ilaalinayn. Xoogga is-jiidjiidku badanaa wuxuu yareeyaa xawaaraha shayga iyo tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa shayga. Waxaan ku soo gabagabayn karnaa in shaqada ay qabato xoogga is-jiidjiidku ee shayga ay la mid tahay hoos u dhaca tamarta farsamada.

Xisaab ahaan:

Shaqada (W) = Isbeddelka tamarta farsamada (ΔEM)

Fs = ΔEP + ΔEK

Fs = mg Δh + ½ m (v _t² – vo _o² )

Fs = mg (0) + ½ m (0 ² – vo _o² )

Fs = 0 + ½ m (– (vo _o² ))

F s = – ½ mv _o² ———— Isle'egta 1

Sharaxaad: F = xoog is jiidjiid, d = barokac, m = cufnaan, v _o= xawaaraha bilowga ah

Barakaca (d) iyo xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o) weli lama oga sababtoo ah marka hore xisaabi v _oama d. Shaqada ay qabato xoogga is-jiidjiidka ee lagu xisaabiyay mid ka mid ah isle'egyada ka dib v _o ama d la yaqaan.

Isle'egta barokaca (d) ee dhaqdhaqaaqa toosan ee aan isku mid ahayn:

v _t² = v _o² + 2 (-a) s

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya (v _t) = 0 iyo dardargelinta (a) waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay taban sababtoo ah shayga ayaa yaraaday (xawaaraha shayga ayaa yaraaday).

0 = v_o² – 2 xayeysiis

v_o² = 2 xayeysiis

d = v _o² / 2 a ———— Isle'egta 2

Isbeddelka d ee isle'egta 2 iyo d ee isle'egta 1:

F d = – ½ mv _o²

F (vo _o² /2a) = – ½ mv _o²

(F/2a) v _o² = – ½ mv _o²

F/2a = – ½ m

F = (2)(a)(-1/2)(m)

F = – (a)(m)

a = – (F / m)

a = – 0.02 Newtons / 0.01 kiilogaraam

a = – 2 Newton/kiilo

a = – 2 m/s ²

Isla'egta lagu xisaabinayo xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o) ee dhaqdhaqaaqa toosan ee aan isku mid ahayn:

v _t= v _o+ at —–> Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 0, Dardargelinta (a) = 2 m/s ² , muddada u dhaxaysa (t) = 3 ilbiriqsi

0 = v _o+ (-2)(3)

0 = v _o– 6

v _o= 6 mitir/ilbiriqsi

Shaqada (W) oo ay qabato xoogga is jiidjiidka:

W = - ½ mv _o² = -1/2 (0.01) (6 ² ) = -1/2 (0.01) (36)

W = -1/2 (0.36)

W = – 0.18 Joule

Shaqada ay qabato xoogga is jiidjiidka waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay mid taban taasoo macnaheedu yahay in shaqadu ay yareyso tamarta farsamada ee shayga.

Haddii la yaqaan d shaqada waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isle'egta W = F d.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.

[wpdm_package id='1178′]

Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Tamarta shaqada iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

Tamarta Shaqada-Kinetic :

1. Gaari 5000-kg ah ayaa ka soo kabanaya nasashada ilaa 20 m/s. Go'aami shaqada saafiga ah ee lagu sameeyay gaariga.

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 5000 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo ₎= 0 m/s ( nasashada gaariga )

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 20 m/s

La doonayo : shabakad

Xalka:

Mabda'a tamarta shaqada-kinetic :

W _net= Δ EK

W _net= ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

W _shabaq= shaqada saafiga ah

Δ EK = isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

m = cufnaan (kg),

v _t= xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (m/s),

v _o= xawaaraha bilowga ah (m/s).

Shabakad:

W _net= ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

W _net= ½ (5000) (20 ² - 0 ² )

W _shabaq= (2500)(400 – 0)

W _shabaq= (2500)(400)

W _net= 1000,000 Joule

2. Shay 10-kg ah oo xawaare sare u kacay 5 m/s ilaa 10 m/s. Go'aami shaqada saafiga ah ee lagu sameeyay shayga!

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 10 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 5 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 10 m/s

La doonayo : shabakad

Xalka:

Shabakad:

W _net= Δ EK

W _net= ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

W _net= ½ (10) (10 ² - 5 ² )

W _shabaq= (5)(100 – 25)

W _shabaq= (5)(75)

W _net= 375 Joule

3. Gaari 2000-kg ah ayaa hoos u dhacaya 10 m/s ilaa 5 m/s. Waa maxay shaqada laga qabto gaariga?

La yaqaan:

Culeyska gaariga (m) = 2000 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 10 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 5 m/s

La doonayo: shabakad

Xalka:

Shabakad:

W _net= Δ EK

W _net= ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

W _net= ½ (2000) (5 ² - 10 ² )

W _shabaq= (1000)(25 – 100)

W _shabaq= (1000)(-75)

W _shabaq= -75,000 Joule

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada barokaca ay ka soo horjeeddo jihada xoogga saafiga ah.

4. Xoog joogto ah oo 60-N ah oo lagu saaray shay 10-kg ah muddo 12 ilbiriqsi ah. Xawaaraha bilowga ah ee shay waa 6 m/s jihada shaygana waa la mid ah jihada xoogga.

(1) Shaqada lagu sameeyo shayga waa 30,240 Joules

(2) Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa waa 30,240 joules

(3) Awooddu waa 2,520 Watt

(4) Kordhinta tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ee shayga waa 180 Joules

Weedhaha saxda ah waa…

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 60 N

Muddada (t) = 12 ilbiriqsi

Cufka shayga (m) = 10 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o ) = 6 m/s

La Doonayo: Weedhaha saxda ah

Xalka:

Dardargelinta shayga:

∑F = ma

60 = 10 a

a = 60 / 10 = 6 m/s ²

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya:

v _t = v _o + at

v _t = 6 + (6)(12)

v _t = 6 + 72

v _t = 78 m/s

Masaafada lagu safray 12 ilbiriqsi gudahood:

s = v _o t + 1/2 at ²

s = (6)(12) + 1/2 (6)(12) ²

s = 72 + (3)(144)

s = 72 + 432

s = 504 mitir

(1) Shaqada lagu qabtay xoog

W = F s = (60)(504) = 30,240 Joules

(2) Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa

KE = 1/2 mv _t² = 1/2 (10) (78) ² = (5) (6084) = 30,420 Joules

(3) Awood

P = W / t = 30,240 / 12 = 2,520 Joules/ilbiriqsi

(4) Kordhinta tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

^ΔKE = ^1/2_mv_t² - _1/2 mv _o²⁼ 1/2 m

ΔKE = 30,240 Joule

5. Shaqada weyn waxaa lagu sameeyaa lambarka shayga…

Tamarta Kinetic - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

Xalka:

Shaqada saafiga ah = isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

W _net = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

Shaqada weyn:

W ₁ = ½ (8)(4 ² – 2 ² ) = (4)(16 – 4) = (4)(12) = 48 Joules

W ₂ = ½ (8)(5 ² –3 ² ) = (4)(25 – 9) = (4)(16) = 64 Joules

W ₃ = ½ (10)(6 ² – 5 ² ) = (5)(36 – 25) = (5)(11) = 55 Joules

W ₄ = ½ (10)(4 ² – 0 ² ) = (5)(16 – 0) = (5)(16) = 80 Joules

W ₅ = ½ (20)(3 ² – 3 ² ) = (10)(9 – 9) = (10)(0) = 0 Joules

6. Gaari 4000-kg ah ayaa ku socda xariiq toosan 25 m/s. Gaarigu wuu yareeyaa si xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee gaarigu u noqdo 15 m/s. Waa maxay shaqada laga qabtay gaariga.

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 4000 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o ) = 25 m/s

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya (v _t ) = 15 m/s

La Raadinayo : Shaqada lagu qabtay gaariga

Xalka:

Shabaq W ₌ ½ m (v _t² – vo _o² ) = ½(4000)(15 ² -25 ² ) = (2000)(225-625) = (2000)(-400) = -800,000 Joules = -800 kJ

7. 0.1-kg oo si toosan loo tuuray 6 m/s laga bilaabo dhererka 5 mitir. Haddii dardargelinta cufisjiidadka ay tahay 10 m/s ² , markaa waa maxay tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ee kubbadda dhererka 2 mitir.

La yaqaan: Tamarta Kinetic - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

Cufnaanta (m) = 0.1 kg

Isbeddelka dhererka (s) = 5 m – 2 m = 3 mitir

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa oo dhererkeedu yahay 2 mitir.

Xalka:

Dhaqdhaqaaqa matoorka waxaa lagu fahmi karaa iyadoo si gaar ah loo falanqeeyo qaybaha toosan iyo kuwa toosan ee dhaqdhaqaaqa. Dhaqdhaqaaqa jihada toosan ayaa lagu falanqeeyay dhaqdhaqaaqa xawaaraha joogtada ah iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa jihada toosan ee lagu falanqeeyay dhaqdhaqaaqa hoos u dhaca xorta ah ama dhaqdhaqaaqa toosan.

Tamarta farsamada ee bilowga ah = tamarta awoodda cufisjiidadka.

PE = mgh = (0.1)(10)(3) = 3 Joules.

Tamarta farsamada ee ugu dambeysa = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa.

KE = 3 Joules.

8. Gaari 1000-kg ah ayaa ka soo kaca nasashada wuxuuna ku socdaa 5 m/s. Waa maxay shaqada uu qabto gaarigu?

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1000 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o ) = 0

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t ) = 5 m/s

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W) ee lagu qabtay gaari

Xalka:

W _net = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

Shaqada lagu sameeyo gaariga:

_Shabaq W = ½ (1000)(5 ² – 0 ² ) = (500)(25 – 0) = (500)(25) = 12,500 Joules

9. Kubbad 500-garaam ah ayaa si toosan kor looga soo tuurayaa dusha sare ee dhulka iyadoo xawaare bilow ah uu yahay 10 m/s ^2. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 ms ^-2 . Waa maxay shaqada ay qabato xoogga miisaanka marka kubbadu gaarto dhererka ugu badan.

La yaqaan :

Cufka kubbadda (m) = 500 garaam = 0.5 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o ) = 10 m/s ²

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t ) = 0 (xawaaraha meesha ugu sarreysa)

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W) ku samee miisaanka

Xalka:

Shaqada saafiga ah ee ay sameeyaan xoogga saafiga ah ee ku jira shay = isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa.

W _net = ΔEK = EK _t – EK _o

Wnet = ½ mv _t² - ½ mv _o² = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

KE _t = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa, KE _o = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah, m = cufka shayga, v _t = xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee shayga, v _o = xawaaraha bilowga ah ee shayga.

Shabakad:

_Shabaq W = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² ) = ½ (0.5) (0 ² - 10 ² )

_Shabaq W = (0.25)(-100) = -25 Joules

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada barokaca ay ka soo horjeedo miisaanka kubadda. Jihada kubbadu waa toosan tahay jihada miisaankuna waa toosan tahay.

10. Shay 1-kg ah oo aan lahayn ayaa hoos u dhacaya iyadoo farqiga dhererka uu yahay = 2.5 mitir. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 ms ^-2 . Waa maxay shaqada laga qabtay shayga?

La yaqaan:

Cufka kubadda (m) = 1 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o ) = 0 m/s

Dhererka (h) = 2.5 mitir

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: Shaqada saafiga ah inta lagu jiro barakaca

Xalka:

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee kubadda (v _t )

Waxaa lagu xisaabiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo isle'egta dhaqdhaqaaqa xorta ah ee dhicitaanka. La yaqaan: Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ² , Isbeddelka dhererka kubbadda (h) = 2.5 mitir. La doonayo: Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah.

v _t² = 2 gh = 2(10)(2.5) = 2(25)

v _t = √2(25)

v _t = 5√2

Shaqada saafiga ah = isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

W _net = ΔEK = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² ) = ½ (1) {(5√2) ² - 0 ² }

_Shabaq W = ½ (25)(2) = 25 Joule

11. Shay 2-kg ah ayaa ku socda 72 km/saacaddii. Ka dib marka uu socdo 400 mitir, xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee shaygu waa 144 km/saacaddii. Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed waa 10 ms ^-2 . Soo hel shaqada saafiga ah.

La yaqaan:

Cufka shayga (m) = 2 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (v _o ) = 72 km/saacaddii = 20 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t ) = 144 km/saacaddii = 40 m/s

Masaafada (yada) = 400 mitir

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Raadinayo: Shabakadda

Xalka:

Shaqada saafiga ah = isbeddellada tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

W _net = ΔEK = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² ) = ½ (2) (40 ² - 20 ² )

_Shabaq W = ½ (2)(1600 – 400) = 1200 Joules

12. Shay 2-kg ah ayaa ku socda 2 ms ^–1 . Shaqada lagu sameeyay shayga waa 21 Joules. Waa maxay xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee shayga.

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 2 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o ) = 2 m/s

Shaqada (W) = 21 Joule

La rabay: xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t )

Xalka:

W _net = ΔEK

_Shabaq W = 1/2 mv _t² -1/2 mv _o²

W _net = 1/2 m (v _t² - v _o² )

21 = 1/2 (2) (v _t² – 2 ² )

21 = (v _t² – 2 ² )

21 = v _t² – 4

v _t² = 21 + 4 = 25

v _t = √25

v _t = 5 m/s

1 3. Xoog joogto ah oo 8 N ah ayaa ku shaqeeya shay miisaankiisu yahay 16 kg. Haddii shaygu markii hore nasto, markaa go'aami xawaaraha shayga ka dib marka xooggu ku shaqeeyo shayga muddo 4 ilbiriqsi ah.

La yaqaan:

Xoogga joogtada ah (F) = 8 Newton

Cufka shayga (m) = 16 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah ee shayga (vo _o) = 0 m/s

Xoogga muddada u dhaxaysa wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa shayga (t) = 4 ilbiriqsi

La Doonayo: Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya (v _t )

Xalka:

Shaqada = Isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

W = KE kama dambaysta ah – KE bilowga

W = ½ mv _t² – ½ mv _o²

W = ½ mv _t² – 0

W = ½ mv _t² —— Isle'egta 1

Shaqada = Xoog x Barakac

W = F d

W = 8 d

Adeegso isle'egta dhaqdhaqaaqa toosan ee aan isku mid ahayn ee hoose si aad u xisaabiso barokaca (d):

d = v _ot + ½ marka la gaaro ²

d = barokac, v _o= xawaaraha bilowga ah, t = muddada u dhaxaysa, a = dardargelinta

d = 0 + ½ marka ² = ½ marka ² —-> a = (v _t– v _o) / t = v _t/ t

d = ½ (v _t/ t) t ²

^d = ½ (v _t) t

Beddel barokaca (d) marka la eego isle'egta Shaqada leh barokaca (d) ee isle'egtan:

W = 8 d

W = 8(1/2)(v _t)(t)

W = (4)(v _t)(t) —— isle'egta 2

Isle'egta 1 = Isle'egta 2

W = W

½ mv _t² = (4)(v _t)(t)

½ mv _t= (4)(t)

½ (16)(v _t) = 4(4)

8 v _t= 16

v _t= 16/8

v _t= 2 mitir/ilbiriqsi

14. Si aad u kordhiso xawaaraha shay, u beddel 2 jeer xawaaraha bilowga ah, go'aami shaqada looga baahan yahay habka…

La yaqaan:

Cufka shayga (m) = 1 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 1 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 2 x xawaaraha bilowga ah = 2 x 1 = 2 m/s

La Doonayo: Shaqo

Xalka:

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah:

KE bilowga ah = ½ mv _o² = ½ (1) (1) ² = ½ (1) (1) = ½ (1) = 0.5

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa marka xawaaraha shaygu uu noqdo 2 jeer xawaarihiisa hore:

KU kama dambaysta = ½ mv _t² = ½ (1)(2) ² = ½ (4) = 2

Aragtida tamarta shaqada-kinetic-ga:

Shaqada = Isbeddelka tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

Shaqada = Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ugu dambeysa - tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah

Shaqada = 2 – 0.5

Shaqada = 1.5

Tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa bilowga ah = 0.5

Shaqada = 3 x 0.5 = 1.5

Shaqada loo baahan yahay waa 3 jeer ka badan tamartii hore ee dhaqdhaqaaqa.

15. Gaari culeyskiisu yahay 1500 kg ayaa ku socda xawaare dhan 36 km/saacaddii waddo toosan oo siman. Gaarigu wuxuu u socday 72 km/saacaddii. Go'aami shaqada loo baahan yahay si loo dedejiyo gaariga.

La yaqaan:

Culeyska gaariga (m) = 1500 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah ee gaariga (v _o) = 36 km/saacaddii = 36,000 mitir / 3600 ilbiriqsi = 10 mitir/ilbiriqsi

Xawaaraha ugu dambeeya ee gaariga (v _t) = 72 km/saacaddii = 72,000 mitir / 3600 ilbiriqsi = 20 mitir/ilbiriqsi

La Doonayo: Shaqada loo baahan yahay si loo dedejiyo gaariga

Xalka:

Aragtida tamarta shaqada-kinetic-ga:

W = EK kama dambays ah - EK bilow ah

W = ½ mv _t² – ½ mv _o² = ½ m (v _t² –v _o² )

W = ½ (1500)(20 ² – 10 ² )

W = ½ (1500)(400 – 100)

W = ½ (1500)(300)

W = (1500)(150)

W = 225,000 Joules

16. Shay culeyskiisu yahay 2 kg ayaa marka hore ku socda xawaare dhan 72 km.saacad ^-1 . Ka dib marka uu ku socdo waddo toosan oo toosan ilaa 400 m, xawaaraha shaygu waa 144 km.saacad ^-1 . Go'aami wadarta shaqada shayga.

La yaqaan:

Cufka shayga (m) = 2 kg

Xawaaraha bilowga ah (vo _o) = 72 km/saacaddii = 72,000 mitir / 3600 ilbiriqsi = 20 m/s

Xawaaraha kama dambaysta ah (v _t) = 144 km/saacaddii = 144,000 mitir / 3600 ilbiriqsi = 40 m/s

Barakaca shayga = 400 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada saafiga ah ee shayga

Xalka:

Aragtida tamarta shaqada-kinetic-ga waxay sheegaysaa in shaqada shabakadu ay ku shaqeyso shay la mid ah isbeddelka tamarta kinetic-ga ee shayga.

W net = KU GUULEYSTAHA – KU GUULEYSTAHA bilowga

Shabaq W = ½ mv _t² – ½ mv _o²

W net = ½ m (v _t² - v _o² )

Shabaq W = ½ (2) (40 ² - 20 ² )

Shabaq W = 1600 – 400

W net = 1200 Joule

Description:

W = Shaqada, KE = tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa

Tamarta Kinetic

17. Xabad 10-gram ah oo ku socota xawaare joogto ah 100 m/s. Waa maxay tamarta dhaqdhaqaaqa ee rasaasta.

La yaqaan:

Cufka rasaasta (m) = 10 garaam = 10/1000 kiilo garaam = 1/100 kiilo garaam = 0.01 kiilo garaam

Xawaaraha rasaasta (v) = 100 mitir/ilbiriqsi

La Doonayo: Tamarta Kinetic-ga

Xalka:

KE = 1/2 mv ²

KE = 1/2 (0,01 kg)(100 m/s) ²

KE = 1/2 (0,01 kg)(10.000 m ² /s ² )

KE = (0,01 kg)(5000 m ² /s ² )

KE = 50 kg m ² / s ²

KE = 50 Joule

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Qofku wuxuu baloog 2 m ah ku jiidayaa dusha sare ee siman isagoo adeegsanaya xoog joogto ah F = 20 N. Go'aami shaqada lagu sameeyay xoogga F ee ku shaqeeya baloogga.

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 20 N

Barakaca (yada) = 2 m

Xagasha (θ ) = 0

La Doonayo : Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

W = F d cos θ = (20) (2) (cos 0) = (20) (2) (1) = 40 Joules

2. Xoog F = 10 N oo ku shaqeynaya sanduuq 1 m ah oo ku teedsan dusha sare ee siman. Xooggu wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa xagal 30 ^{o ah} sida ku cad sawirka hoose. Go'aami shaqada lagu sameeyay xoogga F!

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

La yaqaan :

Xoogga (F) = 10 N

Xoogga toosan (F _x) = F cos 30 ^o = (10)(0.5√3) = 5√3 N

Barakac (d) = 1 mitir

La rabay : Shaqo (W)?

Xalka :

W = F _xd = (5√3)(1) = 5√3 Joules

3. Jidhku si xor ah ayuu uga dhacaa nasashada, isagoo ka soo dhacaya dherer dhan 2 m. Haddii dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed ay tahay 10 m/s ² , go'aami shaqada lagu qabtay xoogga cufisjiidadka!

La yaqaan:

Cufka walaxda (m) = 1 kg

Dhererka (h) = 2 m

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

La Doonayo: Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga cufisjiidadka (W)

Xalka:

W = F d = wh = mgh

W = (1)(10)(2) = 20 Joule

W = shaqo, F = xoog, d = masaafada, w = miisaan , h = dherer, m = cufnaan, g = dardargelin cufisjiidadka awgeed.

4. Shay 1-kg ah ayaa ku xiran guga si uu u dheereeyo 2 cm. Haddii dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed ay tahay 10 m/s ² , go'aami (a) joogtada guga (b) shaqada ay ku qabato xoogga guga ee shayga

La yaqaan:

Cufnaanta (m) = 1 kg

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/s ²

Dheereynta (x) = 2 cm = 0.02 m

Miisaanka (w) = mg = (1 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 10 kg m/s ² = 10 N

La Doonayo: Joogtada guga iyo shaqada ay qabato xoogga guga

Xalka:

(a) Joogtada guga

Qaacidda sharciga Hooke :

F = k x.

k = F / x = w / x = mg / x

k = (1)(10) / 0.02 = 10 / 0.02

k = 500 N/m

(b) shaqada ay qabteen ciidanka guga

W = – ½ kx ²

W = – ½ (500)(0.02) ²

W = – (250)(0.0004)

W = -0.1 Joule

Calaamadda laga jaray waxay muujinaysaa in jihada xoogga gu'gu uu ka soo horjeedo jihada barakicinta walxaha.

5. Xoog F = 10 N wuxuu dedejiyaa sanduuq ka sarreeya meel 2 m ah. Dabaqa waa qallafsan yahay wuxuuna sameeyaa xoog is jiidjiid ah F _k= 2 N. Go'aami shaqada saafiga ah ee lagu sameeyay sanduuqa.

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 10 N

Xoogga is-jiidjiidka (F _k) = 2 N

Barakaca (d) = 2 m

La Raadinayo: Shabakad (W _net)

Xalka:

Shaqada waxaa qabtay xoog F:

W ₁= F d cos 0 = (10)(2)(1) = 20 Joules

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga is-jiidjiidka (F _k):

W ₂= F _kd = (2)(2)(cos 180) = (2)(2)(-1) = -4 Joules

Shabakad:

W _shabaq= W ₁– W ₂

_ShabaqW = 20 – 4

W _shabaq= 16 Joule

6. Waa maxay shaqada ay ciidamada F ka qabtaan baloogga?

La yaqaan: Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

Xoogga (F) = 12 Newton

Barakac (d) = 4 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

W = F d = (12 Newton)(4 mitir) = 48 N m = 48 Joules

7. Baloog waxaa riixaya xoog dhan 200 N. Barxadda balooggu waa 2 mitir. Waa maxay shaqada laga qabtay baloogga?

La yaqaan:

Xoogga (F) = 200 Newton

Barakac (d) = 2 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

Shaqada:

W = F s

W = (200 Newton)(2 mitir)

W = 400 N m

W = 400 Joule

8. Darawalka gaariga sedan-ka ayaa doonaya inuu gaarigiisa dhigto meel sax ah oo 0.5 mitir u jirta gaariga xamuulka qaada kaasoo 10 mitir u jira booska gaariga sedan-ka. Waa maxay shaqada looga baahan yahay gaariga sedan-ka?

La yaqaan: Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

Barakac (d) = 10 mitir – 0.5 mitir = 9.5 mitir

Xoogga (F) = 50 Newton

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

W = F s

W = (50 Newton)(9.5 mitir)

W = 475 N m

W = 475 Joule

Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

Shaqada waxaa qabtay Tom iyo Jerry si gaarigu u dhaqaaqo ilaa 4 mitir. Xoogga ay sameeyeen Tom iyo Jerry waa 50 N iyo 70 N.

La yaqaan:

Barakaca (yada) = 4 mitir

Xoogga saafiga ah (F) = 50 Newtons + 70 Newtons = 120 Newtons

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

W = F s = (120 Newton)(4 mitir) = 480 N m = 480 Joules

10. Darawal ayaa gaari jiidaya si gaarigu u dhaqaaqo ilaa 1000 cm. Waa maxay shaqada laga qabto gaariga?

La yaqaan: Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 4

Xoogga (F) = 250 Newton

Barakaca (yada) = 1000 cm = 1000/100 mitir = 10 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

W = F s = (250 Newton)(10 mitir) = 2500 N m = 2500 Joules

11. Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka hoose, haddii shaqada ay sameeyeen xoogga saafiga ah ay tahay 375 Joules, go'aami meesha uu shaygu ka soo baxayo.

Shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 11

La yaqaan:

Shaqada (W) = 375 Joule

Xoogga saafiga ah ( ΣF) = 40 N + 10 N - 25 N = 25 Newtons ( midig )

La Raadinayo: Barakac ( d )

Xalka:

Isle'egta shaqada:

W = F s

Barakaca Shayga:

d = W / F = 375 Joules / 25 Newtons

d = 15 mitir s

12. Hawlaha hoose ee aan shaqaynayn waa …

A. Riix shay ilaa 10 mitir

B. Riix gaari ilaa uu dhaqaaqo

C. Riix darbi

D. Sanduuq ayaan soo jiiday

Xalka:

Isle'egta shaqada:

W = ΣF s

W = shaqo , F = xoog , d = barokac

Iyada oo lagu saleynayo qaacidada kor ku xusan, shaqada waxaa lagu qabtaa xoog waxaana jira barokac.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa C.

1 3. Andrew wuxuu riixaa shay xoog leh oo ah 20 N si shaygu u dhaqaaqo dhaqdhaqaaq wareeg ah oo leh gacan 7 mitir ah. Go'aami shaqada uu qabtay Andrew laba jeer oo dhaqdhaqaaq wareeg ah.

A. 0 Joule

B. 1400 Joule

C. 1540 Joule

D. 1760 Joule

Xalka:

Haddii qofku riixo kursiga curyaamiinta laba jeer dhaqdhaqaaq wareeg ah, markaas qofka iyo kursiga curyaamiinta waxay ku soo noqdaan booskii hore, sidaas darteed barokaca qofka waa eber.

Barakac = 0 markaa shaqada = 0.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa A.

14. Qof ayaa shay dhulka ku riixaya isagoo wata xoog dhan 350 N. Dabaqa wuxuu sameeyaa xoog is jiidjiid ah oo dhan 70 N. Go'aami shaqada lagu sameeyay xoog si shayga loo dhaqaajiyo ilaa 6 mitir.

A. 45 J

B. 72 J

C. 1680 J

D. 2580 J

La yaqaan:

Xoogga riixitaanka (F) = 350 Newtons

Xoogga is-jiidjiidashada (F _fric) = 70 Newtons

Barkaca shayga (yada) = 6 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

Waxaa jira laba awoodood oo ku shaqeeya shayga, xoogga riixista (F) iyo xoogga is jiidista (F _fric). Xoogga riixista wuxuu leeyahay jihada la mid ah kan barokicinta shayga sababtoo ah xoogga riixista wuxuu qabtaa shaqo togan. Dhinaca kale, xoogga is jiidista wuxuu leeyahay jihada lidka ku ah oo leh barokicinta shayga si xoogga is jiidista uu u sameeyo shaqo taban.

Shaqada lagu sameeyo riix xoog:

W = F d = (350 Newton)(6 mitir) = 2100 Newton-mitir = 2100 Joules

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga is jiidjiidka:

W = – (F _fric)(s) = – (70 Newton)(6 mitir) = – 420 Newton-mitir = – 420 Joules

Shabakadda:

W shabaq = 2100 Joules – 420 Joules

W net = 1680 Joule

Jawaabta saxda ah waa C.

15. Shay waxaa riixaya xoog jiif ah oo 14 Newton ah oo saaran dabaq qallafsan oo leh xoog isjiidjiid ah oo 10 Newton ah. Go'aami shaqada saafiga ah ee u dhaqaajinta shayga ilaa 8 mitir.

A. 0.5 Joule

B. 3 Joule

C. 32 Joule

D. 192 Joule

La yaqaan:

Xoogga riixista (F) = 14 Newton

Xoogga is-jiidjiidashada (F _fric) = 10 Newtons

Barkaca shayga (d) = 8 mitir

La Doonayo: Shaqada (W)

Xalka:

Waxaa jira laba awoodood oo ku shaqeeya shay, xoog riixid (F) iyo xoog is jiidjiid (F _fric).

Xoogga riixiddu wuxuu leeyahay jiho la mid ah kan dhaqaaqa shayga si xoogga riixiddu uu u qabto shaqo togan. Dhinaca kale, xoogga isku dhaca wuxuu leeyahay jiho liddi ku ah sida dhaqaaqa shayga si xoogga isku dhaca uu u qabto shaqo taban.

Shaqada lagu sameeyo riix xoog:

W = F s = (14 Newton)(8 mitir) = 112 mitir Newton = 112 Joules

Shaqada lagu sameeyo xoogga is jiidjiidka:

W = – (F _fric)(s) = – (10 Newton)(8 mitir) = – 80 Newton mitir = – 80 Joules

Shabakadda:

W shabaq = 112 Joules – 80 Joules

W net = 32 Joule

Jawaabta saxda ah waa C.

16. Go'aami shaqada saafiga ah iyadoo lagu saleynayo sawirka hoose.

A. 360 Joule Work

B. 450 Joule

C. 600 Joule

D. 750 Joule

Xalka:

Shaqada = Xoog (F) x barokac (d)

Shaqada = Bedka saddexagalka 1 + bedka laydi + bedka saddexagalka 2

Work = 1/2(40-0)(3-0) + (40-0)(9-3) + 1/2(40-0)(12-9)

Shaqada = 1/2(40)(3) + (40)(6) + 1/2(40)(3)

Shaqada = (20)(3) + 240 + (20)(3)

Shaqada = 60 + 240 + 60

Shaqada = 360 Joule

Jawaabta saxda ah waa A.

17. Qori dhererkiisu yahay 60 cm ayaa si toosan loogu xiraa dhulka. Qorigu wuxuu ku dhuftaa dubbe 10-kg ah oo ka soo jeeda dhererkiisu yahay 40 cm oo ka sarreeya dusha sare ee alwaaxda. Haddii celceliska awoodda iska caabbinta dhulku ay tahay 2 x 10 3 ^N iyo dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed ay tahay 10 m/s ² , markaa qoryuhu wuxuu si buuxda u geli doonaa dhulka ka dib…. garaacis.

A. 4

B. 16

C. 28

D. 30

La yaqaan:

Cufka dubbe (m) = 10 kg

Dardargelinta cufisjiidadka awgeed (g) = 10 m/ s ²

Miisaanka dubbaha (w) = mg = (10)(10) = 100 kg m/s ²

Barkaca dubbaha ka hor inta uusan qoriga ku dhicin (d) = 40 cm = 0.4 mitir

Iska caabbinta qoryaha (F) = 2 x 10 ³ N = 2000 N

Dhererka alwaaxa = 60 cm = 0.6 mitir

La doonayo: Qoryaha ayaa gebi ahaanba dhulka geli doona ka dib marka…. ay ku dhuftaan.

Xalka:

Shaqada lagu sameeyo dubbaha marka dubbahu u dhaqaaqo ilaa 0.4 mitir waa:

W = F d = ws = (100 N)(0.4 m) = 40 Nm = 40 Joules

Shaqada ay qabato xoogga iska caabbinta dhulka:

W = F d = (2000 N)(0.6 m) = 1200 Nm = 1200 Joules

Qoryaha ayaa gebi ahaanba dhulka geli doona ka dib marka…. ay ku dhuftaan.

1200 Joules / 40 Joules = 30

Jawaabta saxda ah waa D.

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Sharciga Kepler - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Masaafada Dhulka u jirta Qorraxda waa 149.6 x 10 ⁶ km, muddada kacaanka Dhulkuna waa 1 sano. Xisaabi T ² / r ³

La yaqaan:

T = 1 sano, r = 149.6 x 10 ⁶ km

La rabay : T ² / r ³ = … ?

Xalka :

k = T² /r³= 1² / (149.6 x 10⁶)³ = 1 / (3348071.9 x 10¹⁸) = 2.98 x 10^-25sanadkii²/ km³

2. Joogtada guud (G) = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 Nm ² /kg ² iyo Qorraxda 1.99 x 10 ³⁰ kg.

Sharciga Kepler - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

3. Masaafada celceliska Dhulka u jirta Qorraxda waa 149.6 x 10 ⁶ km, masaafada celceliska Meerkuriguna u jiro Qorraxdana waa 57.9 x 10 ⁶ km. Muddada kacaanka Dhulku waa 1 sano, waa maxay muddada kacaanka Meerkuri?

La yaqaan:

Dhulka r = 149.6 x 10 ⁶ km

r ee meerkuriga = 57.9 x 10 ⁶ km

T ee Dhulka = 1 sano

La rabay: T ee meerkuriga?

Xalka:

Sharciga Kepler - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Dayax-gacmeedka Geosynchronous - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka

1. Waa maxay dhererka dayax-gacmeedka geosynchronous-ka ah ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee Dhulka?

G = joogto caalami ah = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² /kg ²

M = Cufka Dhulka = 5.97 x 10 ²⁴ kg

T = 24 saacadood = 24 (3600 ilbiriqsi) = 86,400 ilbiriqsi = 8.64 x 10 ⁴ ilbiriqsi

Solution

Dayax-gacmeedka Geosynchronous - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

Dhererka dayax-gacmeedka ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee dhulka = 4.22 x 10 ⁷ m = 4.22 x 10 ⁴ km = 42,200 km

Dhererka dayax-gacmeedka ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee dhulka = 6.38 x 10 ⁶ m = 6.38 x 10 ³ km = 6380 km

Dhererka dayax-gacmeedka ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee dhulka = masaafada dayax-gacmeedka ee u jirta bartamaha dhulka - radius-ka dhulka

Dhererka dayax-gacmeedka ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee dhulka = 42,200 km – 6380 km

Dhererka dayax-gacmeedka ee ka sarreeya dusha sare ee dhulka = 35,820 km

2. Waa maxay xawaaraha dayax-gacmeedka geosynchronous-ka ah?

Joogtada guud (G) = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² /kg ²

Cufka Dhulka (m _E) = 5.97 x 10 ²⁴ kg

Masaafada u dhaxaysa dayax-gacmeedka iyo bartamaha Dhulka (r) = 4.22 x 10 ⁷ m

Solution

Dayax-gacmeedka Geosynchronous - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

ama isticmaal isla'egtan

Dayax-gacmeedka Geosynchronous - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah

Sharciga Cufisjiidadka Guud ee Newton - Dhibaatooyinka iyo Xalalka

1. Masaafada u dhaxaysa qof 40-kg ah iyo qof 30-kg ah waa 2 m. Waa maxay baaxadda xoogga cufisjiidadka ee mid walba kan kale ku sameeyo. Joogtada guud = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² / kg ²

La yaqaan:

m ₁= 40 kg, m ₂= 30 kg, r = 2 m, G = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² / kg ²

La rabay: baaxadda xoogga cufisjiidadka (F)?

Xalka:

Sharciga cufisjiidadka guud ee Newton - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 1

2. Masaafada u dhaxaysa Dhulka iyo Dayaxa (r) waa 3.84 x 10 ⁸ m. Waa maxay baaxadda xoogga cufisjiidadka ee mid walba kan kale ku sameeyo?

La yaqaan:

Cufka Dhulka (m _E) = 5.97 x 10 ²⁴ kg

Cufka dayaxa (m _M) = 7.35 x 10 ²² kg

Masaafada u dhaxaysa bartamaha Dhulka iyo bartamaha Dayaxa (r) = 3.84 x 10 ⁸ m

Joogtada guud (G) = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² / kg ²

La Doonayo: Cabbirka xoogga cufisjiidadka (F)

Xalka:

Sharciga cufisjiidadka guud ee Newton - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 2

3. Waa maxay masaafada u dhaxaysa Dhulka, baaxadda cufisjiidadka dhulka iyo dayaxuna waa eber?

La yaqaan:

Cufka Dhulka = 5.97 x 10 ²⁴ kg

Cufka dayaxa = 7.35 x ¹⁰²² kg

Masaafada u dhaxaysa bartamaha Dhulka iyo bartamaha Dayaxa (r) = 3.84 x 10 ⁸ m.

Joogtada guud ( G) = 6.67 x 10 ^-11 N m ² / kg ²

La Raadinayo: masaafada Dhulka

Xalka:

Sharciga cufisjiidadka guud ee Newton - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 3

Xoogga cufisjiidadka saafiga ah waa eber.

Sharciga cufisjiidadka guud ee Newton - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 4

Isticmaal qaacidada labajibbaaran:

A = – 6.35

B = – 7.68 x 10 ⁸

C = 87.76 x 10 ^-14

Sharciga cufisjiidadka guud ee Newton - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka 5

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Akhri wax dheeraad ah