Maqaal ku saabsan Muraayadaha Indhaha Aragga fog Aragga dhow
Aragga dhow waxaa caadi looga dhigi karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo muraayadaha indhaha iyo muraayadaha indhaha . Muraayadaha indhaha waxaa lagu dhejiyaa muraayadda indhaha, halka muraayadaha indhaha lagu dhejiyo ay ku dheggan yihiin kubbadda isha. Muraayaddu waxay leedahay masaafo gaar ah oo u jirta isha halka muraayadaha indhaha lagu dhejiyo ay ku dheggan yihiin isha si masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda indhaha iyo isha loo iska indho tiro.
Warqaddan, waxaan ku sharraxaynaa tusaalooyin dhibaatooyin ay la kulmaan dadka qaba aragtida fog iyo aragtida fog, nooca muraayadda loo isticmaalo in lagu caadiyeeyo isha, iyo dhererka diiradda iyo awoodda muraayadda. Tani waxay diiradda saareysaa isticmaalka muraayadaha si loo caadiyeeyo aragtida dhow iyo aragtida fog.
Aragti fogaansho iyo muraayadda indhaha
Masaafada ugu fog ee si cad u arki karto qof aan arag dhow lahayn waa 102 cm. Go'aami (a) nooca muraayadda la isticmaalay, (b) dhererka diiradda muraayadda, (c) awoodda muraayadda si indhaha aan aragga fog lahayn ay u arki karaan walxo aan dhammaad lahayn.
Muraayadaha indhaha guud ahaan waxay u jiraan isha 2 cm.
Solution
(a) Nooca muraayadda la isticmaalay
Marka laga hadlayo aragtida fog, waxaa la sharraxay in muraayadda loo isticmaalo in lagu caadiyeeyo indhaha aan aragga lahayn ay tahay muraayad qaloocan ama muraayad kala duwan ama muraayad taban.
(b) Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda
Shayga lagu arko isha aan la arki karin ee muraayadda indhaha waa mid aan dhammaad lahayn, sidaa darteed muraayaddu waa inay sameysaa sawir masaafad dhan 102 cm horteeda isha. Muraayadda muraayadda indhaha waxay u jirtaa isha 2 cm, sidaa darteed sawirku wuxuu 100 cm horteeda muraayadda. Sawirku wuxuu ku yaal horteeda muraayadda, sidaa darteed sawirku waa mid casri ah oo toosan (isbarbardhig sharraxaadda ku saabsan sameynta sawirka muraayadda qaloocan).
La yaqaan
Masaafada shayga (samayn) = aan dhammaad lahayn
Masaafada sawirka (di) = -100 cm (macnaheedu waa in sawirku yahay mid dalwad ah)
La Doonayo: dhererka diiradda (f)
Solution:
1/f = 1/samayn + 1/di
1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/100)
1/f = 0 – 1/100
1/f = – 1/100
f = – 100/1 cm = -100 cm = -1 mitir.
Dhererka diiradda waa taban, taasoo la micno ah in muraayadda la isticmaalay ay tahay muraayad qaloocan ama muraayad kala duwan.
(c) Awoodda muraayadda
P = 1/f = 1/-1 m = -1 Diopter
Awoodda muraayadda waa -1 D. Calaamadda taban macnaheedu waa muraayadda la isticmaalay waa muraayad qaloocan ama muraayad kala duwan.
Aragti dhow iyo muraayadda indhaha
Masaafada ugu dhow ee si cad u arki karto qof qaba aragtida fog waa 102 cm. Si qofku u awoodo inuu wax ku akhriyo masaafada 25 cm ee indhaha hortiisa, go'aami (a) nooca muraayadda la isticmaalay, (b) dhererka diiradda muraayadda, (c) awoodda muraayadda. Muraayadaha muraayadda guud ahaan waxay u jiraan 2 cm isha.
Solution
(a) Nooca muraayadda la isticmaalay
Muraayadda loo isticmaalo in lagu caadiyeeyo indhaha aan aragga lahayn waa muraayad isku duuban ama muraayad isku duuban ama muraayad togan.
(b) Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda
Shayga la arkay waa 25 cm hortiisa isha, sidaa darteed muraayaddu waa inay sawir ka sameysaa masaafo dhan 102 cm dhanka hore ee isha. Muraayadda muraayadda indhaha waa 2 cm dhanka hore ee isha, sidaa darteed sawirku waa 100 cm dhanka hore ee muraayadda indhaha, shayguna waa 23 cm dhanka hore ee muraayadda indhaha. Sawirku wuxuu ku yaal dhanka hore ee muraayadda, sidaas darteed sawirku waa mid toosan oo casri ah.
La yaqaan
Masaafada shayga (samee) = 23 cm
Masaafada sawirka (di) = -100 cm (taban macnaheedu waa sawirku waa mid dalwad ah)
La Doonayo: dhererka diiradda (f)
Solution:
1/f = 1/samayn + 1/di
1/f = 1/23 + 1/-100
1/f = 1/23 – 1/100
1/f = 100/2300 – 23/2300
1/f = 77/2300
f = 2300/77 = 30 cm = 0.3 mitir
Dhererka diiradda la saaray ee togan wuxuu ka dhigan yahay in muraayadda la isticmaalay ay tahay muraayad isku dhafan ama muraayad isku dhafan ama muraayad togan.
(c) Awoodda muraayadda
P = 1/f = 1/0.3 = +3 Diopters
Awoodda muraayadda waa +3 D. Calaamadda togan waxay ka dhigan tahay in muraayadda la isticmaalay ay tahay muraayad isku laaban ama muraayad isku dhafan.
