25 Tamarta Korontada - dhibaatooyinka iyo xalalka
1. 220 V – 5 Nalalka korontada ku shaqeeya waxaa la isticmaalaa 30 daqiiqo. Tamar intee le'eg ayay u baahan tahay?
Xalka:
Danab (V) = 220 Volt
Koronto (I) = 5 Ampere
Waqtiga (t) = 30 daqiiqo = 30 x 60 ilbiriqsi = 1800 ilbiriqsi
Koronto (P):
P = VI = (220 Volt) (5 Ampere) = 1100 Volt Ampere = 1100 Watt = 1100 Joule/second
Tamarta korontada = Awoodda korontada x waqtiga = (1100 Joule/ilbiriqsi) (1800 ilbiriqsi)
Tamarta korontada = 1,980,000 Joules = 1,980 kiloJoules
2. Birta alxanka ee 220 V – 60 W ayaa la isticmaalaa 4 daqiiqo. Tamar intee le'eg ayay u baahan tahay.
La yaqaan:
Awoodda (P) = 60 Watts = 60 Joules/ilbiriqsi
Danab (V) = 220 Volt
Waqtiga (t) = 4 daqiiqo = 4 x 60 ilbiriqsi = 240 ilbiriqsi
La Raadinayo: Koronto
Xalka:
220 Volt – 60 Watt macnaheedu waa alxanka korontada si fiican ayuu u shaqeeyaa haddii farqiga suurtagalka ah ama danabku uu yahay 220 volts oo uu leeyahay awood dhan 60 Watt = 60 Joules/ilbiriqsi, taasoo la macno ah in alxanka korontada uu isticmaalo tamarta 60 Joules ilbiriqsigiiba.
Tamarta korontada = korontada x waqtiga u dhexeeya = (60 Joules/ilbiriqsi) (240 ilbiriqsi) = 14,400 Joules.
3. Tamarta ay birtu isticmaasho 1 daqiiqo waa 33 kJ, marka la eego danab dhan 220 volts. Inta uu le'eg yahay qulqulka ku jira birta.
La yaqaan:
Muddada (t) = 1 daqiiqo = 60 ilbiriqsi
Tamarta (W) = 33 kiloJoules = 33,000 Joules
Danab (V) = 220 Volt
La Raadinayo: Koronto koronto (I)
Xalka:
Awoodda korontadu waa tamarta korontada ee la isticmaalo inta lagu jiro waqti cayiman.
P = W / t = 33,000 Joules / 60 ilbiriqsi
P = 550 Watt
Koronto koronto:
I = P / V = 550 / 220 = 2.5 Amperes
4. Qof ayaa TV-ga daawada celcelis ahaan 6 saacadood maalintii. TV-ga waxaa ku xiran danab 220 Volt ah si uu korontada ugu dhex socdo TV-ga waa 0.5 Amperes. Haddii shirkadda korontada ku shaqeysaa ay ku dallacdo $0.092 kWh kasta, markaa kharashka isticmaalka tamarta korontada ee TV-ga muddo 1 bil ah (30 maalmood ah) waa…
La yaqaan:
Muddada u dhaxaysa = 6 saacadood x 30 = 180 saacadood
Danab (V) = 220 Volt
Koronto (I) = 0.5 Ampere
La Doonayo: Qiimaha bishii
Xalka:
Awoodda TV-ga:
P = VI = (220 Volt) (0.5 Ampere) = 110 Volt Ampere = 110 Watt
Tamarta korontada = korontada x waqtiga u dhexeeya
Tamarta korontada ee TV-ga = 110 Watt x 180 saacadood = 19800 Watt saacadood = 19.8 kilo Watt saacadood = 19.8 kilo Watt saacadood = 19.8 kWh
Kharashka isticmaalka tamarta korontada ee TV-ga muddo 1 bil ah:
19.8 kWh x $0.092/kWh = $1.8216
5. Guri waxaa ku yaal 4 laambadood 20 Watt, 2 laambadood 10 Watt, 3 laambadood 40 Watt, waxaana la isticmaalaa 5 saacadood maalin kasta. Haddii shirkadda korontadu ay ku dallacdo 0.092 kWh kasta, markaa kharashka isticmaalka tamarta korontada muddo 1 bil ah (30 maalmood) waa ….
La yaqaan:
4 laambadood 20 Watts = 4 x 20 Watts = 80 Watts
2 laambadood 10 Watts = 2 x 10 Watts = 20 Watts
3 laambadood 40 Watts = 3 x 40 Watts = 120 Watts
Wadarta awoodda (W) = 80 Watts + 20 Watts + 120 Watts = 220 Watts
Muddada (t) = 5 saacadood x 30 = 150 saacadood
La Rabay: Qiimaha isticmaalka tamarta korontada muddo 1 bil ah (30 maalmood)
Xalka:
Tamarta korontada = korontada x waqtiga u dhexeeya = 220 Watt x 150 saacadood = 33,000 Watt saac = 33 kilo Watt saac = 33 kilo Watt saac = 33 kWh
Kharashka isticmaalka tamarta korontada muddo 1 bil ah (30 maalmood)
(33 kWh)(0.092/kWh) = $3.036
6. Wareeggu wuxuu leeyahay iska caabin ah oo ah \(5\Omega\) iyo hadda oo ah \(2A\). Soo hel awoodda korantada.
Xalka: \( P = IV = 2A \jeer 5\Omega = 10W \)
7. Baytari \(10V\) ah ayaa ku xiran iska caabin \(2\Omega\). Xisaabi hadda.
Xalka: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{10V}{2\Omega} = 5A \)
8. Nal lagu qiimeeyay \(60W\) wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa sahay \(120V\). Soo hel iska caabinta.
Xalka: \( R = \frac{V^2}{P} = \frac{120^2}{60} = 240\Omega \)
9. Xisaabi tamarta uu isticmaalo nalka \(100W\) saacadaha \(2\).
Xalka: \( E = Pt = 100W \ jeer 2h = 200Wh = 0.2kWh \)
10. Kaatar (capacitor) ayaa lagu dallacayaa 50V. Soo hel tamarta la keydiyey.
Xalka: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \jeer 20 \jeer 10^{-6}F \jeer 50^2 = 25mJ \)
11. Go'aami qulqulka ku jira inductor-ka 10mH marka heerka isbeddelka hadda uu yahay 5A/s.
Xalka: \( V = L\frac{di}{dt} = 10 \jeer 10^{-3}H \jeer 5A/s = 50mV \)
12. Ka hel lumista korontada ee xariiqda gudbinta oo leh iska caabin ah oo ah \(8\Omega\) iyo hadda oo ah \(3A\).
Xalka: \( P = I^2R = 3^2 \jeer 8\Omega = 72W \)
13. Transformer-ku wuxuu leeyahay danab aasaasi ah oo ah \(120V\) iyo danab labaad oo ah \(240V\). Haddii danab aasaasi ah uu yahay \(2A\), soo hel danab labaad.
Xalka: Hadda labaad = \( \frac{{\text{{{danabka koowaad}}}}{{\text{{danabka labaad}}}} \times \text{{ hadda aasaasiga ah}} = \frac{{120V}}{{240V}} \times 2A = 1A \)
14. Xisaabi falgalka inductor-ka \(50Hz\), \(0.2H\).
Xalka: \(
15. Soo hel wadarta awoodda saddex capacitor oo isku xiran taxane ahaan.
Xalka: \( \frac{1}{{C_{\text{{total}}} = \frac{1}{{C_1}} + \frac{1}{{C_2}} + \frac{1}{{C_3}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{3}{10}, C_{\text{{total}}} = \frac{10}{3} \mu F \qiyaastii 3.33\mu F \)
16. Kaabsoosha sare ee \(0.1F\) ayaa lagu dallacayaa \(5V\). Soo hel tamarta kaydsan.
Xalka: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.1 \times 5^2 = 1.25J \)
17. Xisaabi xoogga wareegga oo leh awood dhab ah oo ah \(60W\) iyo awood muuqata oo ah \(75VA\).
Xalka: Qodobka Awoodda = \( \frac{{\text{{Awoodda Dhabta ah}}}}{{\text{{Awoodda Muuqda}}}} = \frac{{60W}}{{75VA}} \approx 0.8 \)
18. Soo hel iska caabin u dhiganta laba iska caabin oo is barbar socda.
Xalka: \( \frac{1}{{R_{\text{{eq}}}} = \frac{1}{{R_1}} + \frac{1}{{R_2}} = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{2}, R_{\text{{eq}}} = 2\Omega \)
19. Go'aami is-hortaagga wareegga oo leh iska caabin ah oo ah (5) iyo falgal ah oo ah (12) (Omega).
Xalka: \( Z = \sqrt{R^2 + X^2} = \sqrt{5^2 + 12^2} \qiyaastii 13.34\Omega \)
15. Xisaabi qiimaha RMS ee danabka sinusoidal oo leh qiimaha ugu sarreeya ee \(120V\).
Xalka: \( V_{\text{{RMS}}} = \frac{{V_{\text{{peak}}}}}{\sqrt{2}} \qiyaastii 84.85V \)
16. Soo hel awoodda ku burburtay iska caabinta \(5\Omega\) oo leh hadda \(4A\).
Xalka: \( P = I^2R = 4^2 \jeer 5\Omega = 80W \)
17. Xisaabi inta jeer ee inductor-ka \(25mH\) oo leh falgal ah \(50\Omega\).
Xalka: \( f = \frac{{X_L}}{{2\pi L}} = \frac{50}{{2\pi \times 25 \times 10^{-3}}} \qiyaastii 31.83Hz \)
18. Go'aami hadda ku jira iska caabinta \(20\Omega\) oo leh sahay \(100V\).
Xalka: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{100V}{20\Omega} = 5A \)
19. Soo hel wadarta guud ee laba inductors oo isku xiran oo is barbar socda.
Xalka: \( \frac{1}{{L_{\text{{total}}}} = \frac{1}{{L_1}} + \frac{1}{{L_2}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{1}{5}, L_{\text{{total}}} = 5mH \)
20. Xisaabi tamarta ay isticmaasho birta \(1500W\) ee loo isticmaalo \(0.5\) saacadood.
Xalka: \( E = Pt = 1500W \ jeer 0.5h = 750Wh = 0.75kWh \)
