Su'aalo iyo Doodo Tusaalo ah oo ku saabsan Goobaha Korontada
Garoon koronto waa fikrad aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan fiisikiska oo sharraxaysa saameynta shay koronto ku shaqeeya uu ku leeyahay booska ku wareegsan. Garoon koronto waa xoogga lagu sameeyo meel kasta oo hawada sare ah iyadoo ay jirto dallacaaddaas. Si aad si qoto dheer u fahamto fikraddan, waxaa badanaa loo baahan yahay tababar xooggan. Hoos waxaa ku qoran tusaalooyin dhibaatooyin ah iyo doodo faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan goobaha korontada.
Su'aal Tusaale ah 1: Xisaabinta Balaadhka Goobta Korontada ee Bar
Su'aal:
Laba dhibic oo dallacaad ah \( q_1 = +4 \mu C \) iyo \( q_2 = -8 \mu C \) ayaa la dhigayaa isku-duwayaasha (0, 0) iyo (0, 2) mitir. Xisaabi baaxadda iyo jihada goobta korantada ee barta A oo ah (0, 1) mitir.
Dood:
1. Go'aami masaafada u dhaxaysa dhibicda A iyo labada dallacaad:
– Masaafada u dhaxaysa \( q_1 \) ilaa barta A waa 1 mitir.
– Masaafada u dhaxaysa \( q_2 \) ilaa barta A waa 1 mitir.
2. Xisaabi goobta korantada ee ka dhalata kharash kasta oo ku yaal barta A:
Goobta korontada ee ka dhalata dallacaadda dhibicda \( q \) masaafada \( r \) waa:
\[ E = \frac{k \cdot |q|}{r^2} \]
ee \( q_1 \) iyo \( q_2 \):
\[ E_1 = \frac{9 \jeer 10^9 \cdot 4 \jeer 10^{-6}}{1^2} = 36 \jeer 10^3 \, \text{N/C} \]
\[ E_2 = \frac{9 \jeer 10^9 \cdot 8 \jeer 10^{-6}}{1^2} = 72 \jeer 10^3 \, \text{N/C} \]
3. Go'aami jihada garoonka korontada:
Maadaama \( q_1 \) uu yahay dallac togan, garoonkiisa korontada wuxuu ka fog yahay dallacaadda, sidaas darteed \( E_1 \) wuxuu ku jiraa jihada y ee togan (kor).
Maadaama \( q_2 \) uu yahay dallac taban, goobta korontadu waxay u jeeddaa dallacaadda, sidaas darteed \( E_2 \) waxay ku jirtaa jihada taban ee y (hoos).
4. Xisaabi goobta korantada ee ka dhalatay:
Maadaama \( E_1 \) iyo \( E_2 \) ay isku xariiq toosan yihiin, waxaan ka jari karnaa goobaha korantada:
\[ E_{\text{wadarta}} = E_2 - E_1 \]
\[ E_{\text{total}} = 72 \jeer 10^3 – 36 \jeer 10^3 \]
\[ E_{\text{total}} = 36 \jeer 10^3 \, \text{N/C} \]
Jihada goobta korontada waxay u jeeddaa dhidibka y ee taban (hoos).
Su'aal Tusaale 2: Xisaabinta Awoodda Korontada Hal Meel
Su'aal:
Laba dhibic oo dallacaad ah \( q_1 = +2 \mu C \) iyo \( q_2 = +3 \mu C \) ayaa la dhigayaa isku-duwayaasha (0, 0) iyo (4, 0) mitir. Xisaabi awoodda korantada ee barta B oo ah (2, 0) mitir.
Dood:
1. Go'aami masaafada u dhaxaysa barta B iyo labada dallacaad:
– Masaafada u dhaxaysa \( q_1 \) ilaa barta B waa 2 mitir.
– Masaafada u dhaxaysa \( q_2 \) ilaa barta B waa 2 mitir.
2. Xisaabi awoodda korantada ee ka dhalata dallac kasta oo ku yaal barta B:
Awoodda korantada ee ka dhalata dallacaadda dhibicda \( q \) masaafada \( r \) waa:
\[ V = \frac{k \cdot q}{r} \]
ee \( q_1 \) iyo \( q_2 \):
\[ V_1 = \frac{9 \jeer 10^9 \cdot 2 \jeer 10^{-6}}{2} = 9 \jeer 10^3 \, \qoraal{V} \]
\[ V_2 = \frac{9 \jeer 10^9 \cdot 3 \jeer 10^{-6}}{2} = 13.5 \jeer 10^3 \, \qoraal{V} \]
3. Xisaabi wadarta awoodda korantada ee barta B:
Awoodda korontadu waa tiro cabbir ah, markaa awoodda guud waa wadarta aljabrada ee kartidahan:
\[ V_{\text{total}} = V_1 + V_2 \]
\[ V_{\text{total}} = 9 \jeer 10^3 + 13.5 \jeer 10^3 \]
\[ V_{\text{total}} = 22.5 \jeer 10^3 \, \text{V} \]
Tusaale 3: Goobta Korontada ee Walax Dielectric ah
Su'aal:
Haddii dallac \( q = 5 \mu C \) la dhigo bartamaha goob godan oo leh gacan 3 mitir ah oo si buuxda looga buuxiyay dielectric oo leh joogto dielectric ah \( \kappa = 2 \). Xisaabi goobta korantada masaafad 2 mitir u jirta bartamaha goobta.
Dood:
1. Qaacidada goobta korantada ee ku jirta walxaha dielectric:
Goobta korantada \( E \) ee masaafada \( r \) ee ku jirta walxaha dielectric waa:
\[ E = \frac{q}{4 \pi \epsilon_0 \kappa r^2} \]
halkaas oo \( \epsilon_0 = 8.85 \jeer 10^{-12} \) F/m.
2. Geli qiimayaasha la bixiyay:
\[ E = \frac{5 \times 10^{-6}}{4 \pi \cdot 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \cdot 2 \cdot (2)^2} \]
\[ E = \frac{5 \times 10^{-6}}{4 \pi \cdot 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \cdot 8} \]
\[ E = \frac{5 \jeer 10^{-6}}{8 \cdot 3.54 \jeer 10^{-10}} \]
\[ E = \frac{5 \jeer 10^{-6}}{28.32 \jeer 10^{-10}} \]
\[ E = 1.77 \times 10^4 \, \text{N/C} \]
Gabagabo
Tusaalooyinka kor ku xusan, waxaan ka heli karnaa faham cad oo ku saabsan fikradda goobaha korontada. Tan waxaa ka mid ah baaxadda goobta korontada ee hal dhibic oo ay ugu wacan tahay kharashyo badan, xisaabinta awoodda korontada, iyo goobta korontada ee agabka dielectric. Faham adag oo ku saabsan fikraddan waa muhiim sababtoo ah ifafaale badan oo jireed waxaa lagu sharxi karaa goobaha korontada, iyo sidoo kale codsiyadooda tignoolajiyada casriga ah. Sii wad ku celcelinta dhibaatooyin kala duwan si aad si qoto dheer u barato fikraddan.
