Kuenzanisa 4G ne5G
Tekinoroji yemafoni iri kuchinja nekukurumidza. Mushure mekunge 3G yagadzira nzira yeinternet yefoni iri nyore, 4G yakaunza masevhisi ekutumira mameseji, masocial media, uye maapp muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Iye zvino, 5G iri kushandiswa munyika dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira Indonesia, nevimbiso yekumhanya kwakanyanya, kunonoka kushoma, uye kugona kukuru kwenetwork. Asi ndeapi musiyano uripo pakati pe4G ne5G? 5G inogara iri nani kune zvese zvinodiwa here? Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura kuenzanisa kwakazara kwe4G ne5G, kubva pamaonero ehunyanzvi, kune mabhenefiti, matambudziko, uye kukanganisa kwavo vashandisi.
1. Kunzwisisa 4G ne5G
4G (Fourth Generation) ndicho chizvarwa chechina chemanetiweki enharembozha akagadzirirwa kupa kutaurirana kwedata nekukurumidza uchishandisa matekinoroji akadai seLTE (Long Term Evolution). 4G yave iriyo nzira huru yeinternet yenharembozha kwemakore anopfuura gumi, ichibvumira mabasa akadai sekufona nemavhidhiyo, streaming yeHD, mitambo yepamhepo, uye kushandiswa kwemapurogiramu akavakirwa pamakore ane kugadzikana.
5G (Fifth Generation) ichizvarwa chechishanu chema network emafoni akagadzirwa kuti akwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa pari zvino nepamangwana, zvinosanganisira Internet of Things (IoT), mota dzinozvitonga, mafekitori akangwara, telemedicine, uye kutaurirana kwakavimbika zvikuru. 5G haisi "4G inokurumidza" chete, asi asi dhizaini ye network inochinjika uye inoshanda zvakanaka.
2. Kumhanya kweInternet: Zvinoita Musiyano Wakadini?
Imwe yemisiyano inoonekwa zvikuru ikukurumidza.
- 4G inowanzo kupa kumhanya kwekurodha pasi kubva pamakumi kusvika kumazana eMbps, zvichienderana nemhando yemasaini, huwandu hwevashandisi, uye rutsigiro rwenetwork yemushandisi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, LTE Advanced inogona kunge yakakwira, asi mukuita, izvi zvinowanzochinja-chinja.
- 5G inogona kusvika pakumhanya kwedata kusvika kuGbps dzakasiyana. Mukushandiswa chaiko, 5G inowanzo fambisa kumhanya kwemazana eMbps kusvika kunopfuura 1 Gbps munzvimbo dzine kuvharwa kwakanaka uye spectrum yakakodzera.
Kune vashandisi, mutsauko uyu unoreva nguva pfupi yekudhawunirodha mafaira makuru, kutenderera kwemavhidhiyo e4K zviri nyore, uye kukurumidza kurodha zvinyorwa (senge mavhidhiyo). Zvisinei, kumhanya kwakanyanya kwe5G kunoenderana nezvivakwa, rudzi rwema frequency, uye kufukidza kwenetwork.
3. Kunonoka: Kiyi Yekukurumidza Kupindura
Kunonoka kunonoka pakati pechishandiso chinotumira chikumbiro uye network ichipindura. Zvakakosha pamabasa anoda mhinduro nekukasika.
- 4G inowanzova ne latency inosvika 30–50 ms (inogona kuva yakakwira mumamiriro ezvinhu ane vanhu vakawanda kana kuti isina kugadzikana).
- 5G yakanangwa kuti iwane latency yakaderera, kunyangwe iri pakati pe1–10 ms mune mamwe marongero.
Musiyano uyu wakakosha pamitambo yemakwikwi, mafoni evhidhiyo echisikigo, masevhisi eAR/VR, uye maapplication emaindasitiri akadai seremote machine control. Pakubhurawuza nesocial media, kunonoka kwakaderera kungasaonekwa, asi kumaapplication epanguva chaiyo, kukanganisa kwacho kwakakosha.
4. Kugona uye Kugadzikana munzvimbo dzakamanikana
Munguva yemakonzati, nhandare dzemitambo, kana nguva dzekuzorora pakati peguta, network inowanzo nonoka nekuti vashandisi vazhinji vanobatanidzwa neshongwe imwe chete.
– 4G ine muganho wehukuru hwayo; kana mutoro wakakwira, kumhanya kwayo kunodzikira uye kubatana kwayo kunogona kusagadzikana.
- 5G yakagadzirirwa kubata michina yakawanda panguva imwe chete. Nehunyanzvi hwakadai seMIMO yakakura uye kushanda zvakanaka kwema spectral, 5G inokwanisa kubata zviri nani vanhu vakawanda.
Izvi zvinoita kuti 5G ikwezve nzvimbo dzemaguta, nzvimbo dzebhizinesi, uye zviitiko zvikuru. Zvisinei, kuwedzera kugona kwevashandi kunodawo zvivakwa zvakakwana.
5. Frequency Spectrum uye Signal Range
Musiyano wakakosha pakati pe4G ne5G i frequency spectrum inoshandiswa.
- 4G inoshanda zvakanyanya pama frequency akaderera kusvika pakati, ayo anowanzo vharwa zvakanyanya uye kupinda kwemukati kuri nani.
– 5G inogona kushanda pamafrequency akaderera, epakati, uye akakwirira (kusanganisira mmWave). Mafrequency akakwira anogona kupa kumhanya kukuru, asi ane nzvimbo pfupi uye anovharwa zviri nyore nemadziro, miti, kana zvivakwa.
Saka, kuiswa kwe5G kunowanzoda nzvimbo dzakawanda dzebase kana masero madiki, kunyanya kune high-bandwidth spectrum. Kune rumwe rutivi, 5G pa low/midband frequency inogona kusvika munzvimbo yakakura, asi kumhanya kwayo hakusi "kunoshamisa" nguva dzose sezvinowanzo fungidzirwa neveruzhinji.
6. Zvishandiso uye Kuenderana Kwazvo
Kuti vashandise 5G, vashandisi vanoda mudziyo unoshanda ne5G (foni, modem, kana 5G router) uye kadhi nepakeji yakakodzera kubva kune mushandi.
- 4G inotsigirwa nemafoni ese emazuva ano uye kunyange nemidziyo yekare yakawanda.
- 5G inowanzo kuwanikwa pamafoni akaburitswa mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya mafoni epakati neakakwirira, kunyangwe nharembozha dzakawanda dziri kutsigira 5G.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mafoni e5G anogona kushandisa network ye4G kunyangwe 5G isati yavapo. Saka, vashandisi havasi "kurasa masaini," vari kungorasikirwa nekuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwe5G.
7. Kushandiswa kweMagetsi uye Kushanda Nesimba
Pane pfungwa yekuti 5G inobvisa mabhatiri. Izvi zvinogona kuitika pakutanga kwekushandiswa kwayo nekuti tekinoroji iyi ichiri kuvandudzwa, haisati yanyatsogadziriswa, uye michina inowanzo fanira kuchinja pakati pe4G ne5G.
Zvisinei, nekugadzirwa:
- 5G yakagadzirirwa kushanda zvakanaka mukutarisira network uye inogona kuchengetedza mari mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
- Mhedzisiro pabhatiri inoenderana nemhando yemasaini e5G, kugadzirisa modem, uye maitiro ekushandisa.
Kana chiratidzo che5G chisina kusimba uye mudziyo uchitsvaga network nguva dzose, bhatiri rinogona kupera nekukurumidza. Nechiratidzo chakasimba uye mudziyo wemazuva ano, kushandiswa kwesimba kunogona kuenzana.
8. Mhedzisiro paMaindasitiri neRemangwana
4G yatove yakakwana zvakakwana kune zvinodiwa nevatengi: streaming, kudzidza online, misangano, kutenga online, uye kufamba. Asi 5G inovhura mikana yakakura muzvikamu zvemaindasitiri nemabasa everuzhinji, kusanganisira:
– Guta rakangwara: masensa emotokari, kutarisa hunhu hwemhepo, manejimendi emwenje yemugwagwa.
- IoT yakakura: kubatanidza zvishandiso zvakawanda zvinobudirira.
– Telemedicine: kubvunzana kwevhidhiyo yemhando yepamusoro uye mukana wekurapwa uri kure nekunonoka kwakaderera.
- Indasitiri 4.0: otomatiki yefekitori, marobhoti, uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo.
- AR/VR: chiitiko chinobatidza chinopindura zviri nani.
Nemamwe mashoko, 5G haisi yeinternet inokurumidza chete, asi ndiyo hwaro hwenzvimbo yedhijitari iri kuramba ichioma.
9. Matambudziko ekushandiswa kwe5G
Kunyange zvazvo zvichivimbisa, 5G inosangana nematambudziko akati wandei:
1. Zvivakwa: zvinoda mari yakawanda yekudyara muBTS itsva, fiberization, uye masero madiki.
2. Kupararira: hakugone kugoverwa zvakaenzana se4G nekuti network inofanira kuva yakamanikana.
3. Mutemo uye spectrum: kugovera ma spectrum uye marezenisi zvinokanganisa kukurumidza kuburitswa kwemagetsi.
4. Kugadzirira midziyo: havasi vese vashandisi vanoda kuchinja mafoni avo nekukasika.
5. Chido chaicho: kune vamwe vashandisi, 4G yakakwana saka kufambiswa kwedata hakusati kwanyanya kusimba.
Mhedziso
Kuenzanisa 4G ne5G kunoratidza kuti 5G inobudirira mukumhanya, kunonoka, uye kugona kwenetwork, zvichigadzira nzira yekushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana mune ramangwana kunoda kubatana kwakasimba uye mhinduro inokurumidza. Zvisinei, 4G inoramba ichikosha nekuda kwekupararira kwayo kwakakura, zvivakwa zvakakura, uye kugona kusangana zvakakwana nezvinodiwa nevashandisi vazhinji.
Kune vashandisi vega vega, sarudzo yekushandura kuenda ku5G inoenderana nekuwanikwa kwenetwork munzvimbo yavo, rudzi rwemudziyo, uye zvinodiwa pakuita mabasa edhijitari. Kana uchigara uchidhawunirodha mafaira makuru, uchida kubatana kunonoka kushoma pakutamba mitambo kana kubasa renguva chaiyo, kana uchigara munzvimbo ine 5G yakanaka, 5G inogona kuva nani. Zvisinei, kana 4G yatove yakagadzikana uye inokurumidza munharaunda yako, unogona kuvimba nayo zvakanaka uchimirira kuti 5G iwanikwe zvakanyanya.
