Maitiro Ekutsigira Kunwa Zvinovaka Muviri
Maitiro ekumedza zvinovaka muviri chikamu chakakosha chegadziriro yekugaya chikafu yemunhu, zvichiita kuti miviri yedu iwane zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kuti ishande zuva nezuva. Nguva dzese dzatinodya, chikafu hachishandiswe nemuviri ipapo ipapo asi chinofanira kutanga chagayiwa uye chatorwa. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora kuti zvivakwa zvinotsigira mukati megadziriro yekugaya chikafu yemunhu zvinoita sei kuti kumedza chikafu kubudirire.
Nhanganyaya kuSistimu Yekugaya
Usati wakurukura nezvemagadzirirwo ayo anotsigira, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvinhu zvekutanga zvegadziriro yekugaya. Iyi sisitimu ine nzira yekugaya uye nhengo dzekugaya dzinobatsira. Nzira yekugaya inosanganisira muromo, gumbo, dumbu, ura diki, ura hombe, uye rectum. Panguva imwe chete, nhengo dzekubatsira dzakadai sechiropa, pancreas, nenduru dzinogadzira ma enzymes nemvura zvinobatsira kugaya.
Zvimiro Zvinotsigira Kunyudzwa Mudumbu Duku
Ura hudiki ndiyo nzvimbo huru yemuviri yekupinza zvinovaka muviri. Hune zvikamu zvitatu: duodenum, jejunum, uye ileum. Chimwe nechimwe chine basa rakasiyana asi rinobatsira pakupinza zvinovaka muviri.
Villi neMicrovilli
Imwe yenhengo dzinonakidza muura diki inonzi villi ne microvilli. Villi tumakomba tudiki tunomonereka pamadziro eura diki, zvichiita kuti riite semunwe. Dzidziso idzi dzakakosha nekuti dzinowedzera nzvimbo yeura, zvichiita kuti muviri unyatsopinda zvakanaka.
Villi yega yega ine microvilli, ma microscope projection ari pamusoro pemasero epithelial anoumba villi. Microvilli idzi dzinogadzira layer inozivikanwa se "brush border." Izvi zvinowedzera nzvimbo yepamusoro uye zvine ma enzymes anobatsira kuputsa mamorekuru echikafu kuita mafomu ari nyore kunyudzwa.
Masero eGoblet uye Kugadzirwa kweMatehwe
Masero eGoblet imhando yemasero anowanikwa pakati pemasero eepithelial emuura mudiki uye anokonzera kugadzirwa kwemate. Mate aya anoshanda semafuta, achidzivirira madziro emudumbu kubva mukukweshana nekukuvadzwa nekufamba kwechikafu uye acid yemudumbu. Uyezve, mate anopa nzvimbo yakagadzikana yekuti ma enzymes ekugaya ashande zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti zvinovaka muviri zvikwanise kunyudzwa.
Basa reMaEnzymes uye Zvinobuda Mudumbu
Ma enzymes ekugaya akakosha pakuputsa mamorekuru makuru kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, zviri nyore kunyudzwa. Heano mamwe ma enzymes akakosha ekugaya uye mvura uye mabasa awo:
Pancreas
Rwatata rinogadzira ma enzymes akakosha akadai se amylase, lipase, uye protease. Amylase ine basa rekuputsa makabhohaidhiretsi kuita shuga, lipase inobvisa mafuta kuita fatty acids neglycerol, uye protease inoputsa mapuroteni kuita amino acids.
Chiropa neGallbladder
Chiropa chinoburitsa nyongo, iyo inochengetwa munduru yoburitswa muura hudiki. Nyongo haigayi mafuta zvakananga, asi inobvisa mafuta mumasero, ichiaparadzanisa kuita madonhwe madiki anogona kugayiwa zviri nyore ne enzyme lipase.
Kutenderera kweRopa uye Kudya Zvinovaka Muviri
Kana zvinovaka muviri zvangoputswa, zvinotorwa nemasero emudumbu uye zvinopinda muropa kana muhurongwa hwelymphatic. Makabhohaidhiretsi nemapuroteni zvinowanzo torwa mutsinga dzeropa dzevilli, ukuwo mafuta achifambiswa nemuhurongwa hwelymphatic.
Nzvimbo Yemoyo
Ropa rine zvinovaka muviri zvakawanda rinobva muura hudiki rinotakurwa kuenda kuchiropa kuburikidza netsinga yemuchiropa. Muchiropa, chepfu inobviswa, uye zvinovaka muviri zvinochengetwa kana kushandurwa sezvinodiwa nemuviri zvisati zvadzorerwa muropa.
Sisitimu yeLymphatic
Sisitimu yelymphatic inoita basa guru mukutakura mafuta. Mafuta anogayiwa muura hudiki anoiswa muma chylomicrons, zvidimbu zve lipoprotein zvinotakurwa nemidziyo ye lymphatic. Pakupedzisira, ma chylomicrons anoburitswa muropa, uko anozoputswa kuti ashandiswe kana kuchengetwa nenyama dzemuviri.
Kuyera Mabhakitiriya Emudumbu
Mabhakitiriya emudumbu anoitawo basa guru mukunyudzwa kwemuviri. Mabhakitiriya emudumbu anobatana mumuviri wedu anovirisa fiber isingagayike, achigadzira ma "short-chain fatty acids" anogona kushandiswa nemasero emudumbu senzvimbo yesimba. Uyezve, mabhakitiriya aya anogadzira mavhitamini akakosha, akadai sevhitamini K nebiotin, ayo anozonyudzwa nemuviri.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kunyudzwa Kwemvura
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kuti chikafu chinonyudzwa sei mumuviri:
– Hutano hweMatumbu: Kuzvimba kana zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere checeliac kana chirwere cheCrohn zvinogona kukuvadza villi uye kukanganisa kugona kwemudumbu kupinza chikafu.
– Kudya: Zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvinogona kuwedzera kana kudzivirira kunyudzwa kwesimbi. Semuenzaniso, vhitamini C inogona kuwedzera kunyudzwa kwesimbi, nepo phytic acid iri muzviyo ichigona kuidzivisa.
– Zera uye Majini: Zera rinogona kukanganisa kudyiwa kwezvinovaka muviri, nekudzikira kwekudyiwa kwezvinovaka muviri muvanhu vakuru. Majini anoitawo basa guru mukugadzirwa kwemuviri uye kudyiwa kwezvimwe zvinhu.
Mhedziso
Maitiro ekunwa zvinovaka muviri inzira yakaoma inosanganisira maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana nezvinhu zviri mumuviri wemunhu. Kubva kuzvinhu zvidiki-diki zvakaita sevilli ne microvilli kusvika pabasa rema enzymes uye mvura yekugaya, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine basa rakakosha. Kunzwisisa maumbirwo avo uye mashandiro avo hakuna kukosha chete pahupenyu asiwo pakushandisa ruzivo urwu pakuchengetedza hutano hwakanaka uye kudya. Nekutarisira hutano hwekugaya zvakanaka, tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti muviri unowana zvinovaka muviri zvaunoda kuti ushande zvakanaka.
