Kushandiswa kweNhamba muPsychology
Statistics isainzi inodzidza nzira yekuunganidza, kuongorora, kududzira, uye kupa ruzivo. Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira sainzi yemagariro evanhu neyakasikwa, statistics chishandiso chakakosha. Mupfungwa, kushandiswa kwestatistics kunoita basa guru mukuwana ruzivo rwemaitiro evanhu, kunzwisisa hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zvepfungwa, uye kuyedza dzidziso.
Nhanganyaya kuStatistics muPsychology
Psychology, semudzidzi wesainzi, inoshandisa nzira dzakarongeka kunzwisisa nekufanotaura maitiro evanhu uye maitiro epfungwa. Statistics inobatsira vanachiremba vepfungwa kuronga data nenzira yakatwasuka uye inopa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuedza fungidziro dzekutsvaga. Kushandiswa kwestatistics kunobvumira vaongorori kupindura mibvunzo yekutsvagisa nemazvo uye kuderedza subjectivity.
Nhamba dzepfungwa dzakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru: tsananguro nepfungwa dzisina kujeka. Nhamba dzinotsanangura dzinoshandiswa kupfupisa nekutsanangura data. Kusiyana neizvi, nhamba dzisina kujeka dzinoshandiswa kuburitsa pachena kana kuti kugumisa nezvehuwandu hwevanhu zvichibva pane imwe muenzaniso. Dzese dzakakosha mukutsvagisa kwepfungwa.
Tsanangudzo Dzakatsanangurwa muPsychology
Nhamba dzinotsanangura dzinosanganisira nzira dzekuronga nekupfupisa data rehuwandu rinowanikwa kubva mukutsvagisa. Zvimwe zvezvishandiso zvikuru munhamba dzinotsanangura zvinosanganisira:
1. Avhareji: Avhareji yehuwandu inoshandiswa kutsanangura nzvimbo yepakati peseti yedata. Inowanzo shandiswa kuratidza avhareji yedanho repfungwa dzakadai semakiredhi ehungwaru kana kusimba kwezviratidzo zvekushungurudzika.
2. Pakati: Iyi ndiyo nhamba inoparadzanisa data rakaiswa muzvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana. Pakati inodzivirira data rakawandisa kana kuti risingashande zvakanyanya kupfuura pakati.
3. Mode: Mode ndiyo kukosha kunowanzoonekwa mu data set. Zvakakosha pakunzwisisa maitiro akajairika muma datasets e nominal kana ordinal.
4. Range: Range mutsauko uripo pakati pemaximum ne minimum values mu data set. Inopa ruzivo nezvekuchinja kwedata.
5. Kutsauka Kwakajairwa: Izvi zvinoyera kuti data rinosiyana sei neavhareji. Kutsauka kwakajairwa kwakakura, kupararira kwedata mudataseti kukuru.
Tichishandisa muenzaniso weongororo pamusoro pemazinga ekushushikana pakati pevadzidzi vekukoreji, avhareji inogona kuratidza avhareji yemazinga ekushushikana, avhareji inogona kupa poindi yepakati, nepo kutsauka kwakajairwa kuchiratidza kuti mazinga ekushushikana akasiyana zvakadii pakati pevadzidzi vekukoreji.
Nhamba dzeKufungidzira muPsychology
Nhamba dzekufungidzira dzakaoma nekuti dzinosanganisira ongororo yakanangana nekufanotaura kana kusanganisa mhedzisiro yekutsvaga kubva kumuenzaniso kuenda kuvanhu vakawanda. Dzimwe nzira munhamba dzekufungidzira dzinosanganisira:
1. Kuedzwa kweFungidziro: Iyi ndiyo nzira yekuona kana paine humbowo hwakakwana mumuenzaniso wedata hunotsigira fungidziro chaiyo pamusoro pevanhu. Semuenzaniso, pane musiyano mukuru here pakati pemapoka maviri mukuyedza kuri kuferefeta kushanda kwekurapa kutsva?
2. Kuongororwa kweMusiyano (ANOVA): ANOVA inoshandiswa kuenzanisa nzira dzemapoka matatu kana anopfuura. Semuenzaniso, muongorori angada kuona kana paine mutsauko mukuru mumazinga ekuzvivimba pakati pemapoka ezera akasiyana kana mazinga edzidzo.
3. Kudzoreredza Mutsetse: Kudzoreredza kunoshandiswa kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri kana kupfuura. Semuenzaniso, kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvakaita sekuzviremekedza kana rutsigiro rwevanhu zvinofanotaura sei mwero wemufaro wemunhu.
4. Bvunzo yeChi-Square: Bvunzo iyi inoshandiswa kuona kana paine musiyano mukuru pakati pemafrequency anoonekwa uye anotarisirwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvedata. Muenzaniso wekushandiswa kwayo kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pemurume nemukadzi nesarudzo yeyunivhesiti.
Kuunganidzwa kweData muKutsvagurudza kwepfungwa
Kururama kwekuongorora nhamba kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemhando yedata rakaunganidzwa. Nokudaro, dhizaini yekudzidza inoshanda uye inoshanda uye nzira dzekuunganidza data dzakakosha. Dzimwe nzira dzakajairika dzekuunganidza data mune zvepfungwa dzinosanganisira:
1. Ongororo neMibvunzo: Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa kuunganidza data kubva kumasampuli makuru. Ongororo dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka dzinogona kupa data rinokosha pamusoro pemafungiro, mafungiro, uye maitiro.
2. Kucherechedza: Nzira yekucherechedza inosanganisira kutarisa zvakananga maitiro emunhu mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo kana emurabhoritari.
3. Kuedza: Kuedza inzira inodzorwa zvakanyanya umo vaongorori vanogona kushandisa chimwe kana kupfuura mavariable akazvimiririra kuti vaone mhedzisiro yavo pane mavariable anoenderana.
4. Zvidzidzo zveKureba: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuunganidza ruzivo nezvevanhu vakafanana kwenguva yakareba. Nzira iyi inobatsira zvikuru pakutsvaga shanduko nekufambira mberi mumaitiro kana mamiriro epfungwa.
Matambudziko mukushandisa nhamba mupfungwa
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba dziri chishandiso chinobatsira zvikuru mupfungwa, pane matambudziko nemiganhu inofanira kufungwa nezvayo:
1. Kuomarara kweData: Maitiro evanhu uye maitiro epfungwa zvinhu zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye kazhinji hazvigone kutsanangurwa zvizere nedata rehuwandu chete.
2. Kukanganisa pakusarudza: Kukanganisa pakusarudza kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro isina kururama uye isina kururama. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti sampuro yekutsvagisa inomiririra huwandu hwevanhu.
3. Kududzira Zvakabuda: Kududzira zvakabuda muhuwandu hwemashoko kunoda hunyanzvi uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama. Kukanganisa pakududzira kunogona kutungamira kumhedzisiro isiriyo uye mhedzisiro isiriyo inoshanda.
4. Kufungidzira kweModel: Nzira dzakawanda dzekuverenga dzine zvimwe zvinofungidzirwa zvinofanira kuzadzikiswa. Semuenzaniso, ANOVA inofungidzira kuti data rinotevera kugoverwa kwakajairika uye rine musiyano wakafanana. Kana kufungidzira uku kukatyorwa, mhedzisiro yekuongorora inogona kunge isiriyo.
Mhedziso
Nhamba dzinoita basa rinokosha mukutsvagisa kwepfungwa, zvichigonesa vaongorori kuongorora zviitiko zvakaoma nenzira yakarongeka uye inoyerwa. Kushandiswa kwenhamba dzinotsanangura kunobatsira kupfupisa data, nepo nhamba dzekufungidzira dzichibvumira vaongorori kuita generalizations yakakura kubva mumienzaniso yavo. Zvisinei, matambudziko nemiganhu yekushandisa nhamba mupfungwa zvinofanirwa kufungwa nokungwarira uye kugadziriswa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa ndeyechokwadi uye ndeyechokwadi.
Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye nzira dzekuongorora data, kushandiswa kwenhamba mupfungwa kucharamba kuchikura uye kupa ruzivo rutsva rwakadzama pamusoro pemaitiro evanhu uye maitiro epfungwa ari pasi. Vaongorori vanofanirwa kugara vachidzidza uye vachijaira maturusi matsva enhamba uye matekiniki kuti vawedzere kugona kwavo kutsvagisa.
