Tekinoroji yekugadzira mafoni ane maSIM maviri
Mumakore achangopfuura, mafoni ane maSIM maviri ave sarudzo yakakurumbira kune vashandisi vazhinji. Kugona kushandisa maSIM card maviri panguva imwe chete kunoita kuti vanhu vagone kuchinjika: kupatsanura nhamba dzemunhu nedzebasa, kushandisa zvirongwa zvedata zviviri kubva kune vatakuri vakasiyana, uye kunyange kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvemasaini munzvimbo dzakati. Zvisinei, seri kwechinhu ichi chinoita sechiri nyore kune matekinoroji akaomarara uye maitiro ekugadzira. Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura mashandiro anoita tekinoroji yeSIM mbiri uye kuti vagadziri vanogadzira sei uye vanogadzira mafoni eSIM maviri, kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakuyedzwa kwemhando yepamusoro.
1. Sei Dual SIM ichidiwa?
Kudiwa kwemakadhi maviri eSIM kunobva mumamiriro ezvinhu emuchina uye emusika. Munyika dzakawanda, mari yekutaurirana neinternet inowanzo dhura kana vashandisi vakabatanidza macarrier maviri: rimwe remafoni/SMS, uye rimwe redata. Uyezve, vashandi vazhinji vanoda manhamba akasiyana kuti vadzivise kutaurirana kwehunyanzvi kusasanganisike nenyaya dzemunhu. Kune vagadziri, makadhi maviri eSIM inzvimbo huru yekutengesa, kunyanya mumisika yeAsia neiri kusimukira, zvichitungamira mukunatsiridzwa kwetekinoroji iyi.
2. Mhando dzeDual SIM Technology
Kazhinji, kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzeSIM dzinoshandiswa nemafoni emazuva ano:
a) SIM mbiri dzakamira (DSDS)
Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kushandiswa. MaSIM ese ari maviri anoshanda ari muchimiro chekumirira, asi kana imwe SIM ikashandiswa pakufona, imwe SIM inowanzo tadza kugamuchira mafoni panguva imwe chete (kunze kwekunge paine mamwe maficha akadai seVoLTE/VoWiFi). DSDS inodhura zvishoma uye inoshanda nesimba nekuti mudziyo unongoda circuit imwe chete yeredhiyo, ine manejimendi ekuchenjerera ekuchinja.
b) Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA)
NeDSDA, makadhi ese eSIM anogona kushanda panguva imwe chete pakufona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vashandisi vanogona kugamuchira mafoni paSIM yechipiri pavanenge vachifona pane yekutanga. Iyi tekinoroji inoda ma transceiver maviri (kana kuti redhiyo yakaoma), izvo zvinowedzera mari yekugadzira, kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kudiwa kwenzvimbo yebhodhi remagetsi. Saka, DSDA haiwanzo kuwanikwa mumafoni evatengi uye inowanzo kuwanikwa mumisika midiki.
c) Nzvimbo yeHybrid (SIM + microSD)
Mafoni mazhinji anoshandisa tireyi "yakasanganiswa", iyo inobvumira kusarudza SIM card mbiri, kana SIM card imwe chete ne microSD card imwe chete. Panyaya yekugadzira, izvi zvinoderedza zvinodiwa mukati meimba uye zvinoita kuti magadzirirwo emuviri ave matete, asi zvinoderedza kuchinjika kwevashandisi vanoda SIM card mbiri uye memory inogona kuwedzerwa.
d) Musanganiswa weSIM neSIM chaiyo
Chiri kuitika mazuva ano ndechekusanganisa SIM chaiyo ne eSIM, kana kuti ma eSIM maviri. ESIM chip iri mumudziyo, zvichiita kuti ma profiles e carrier adhawunirodwe nedhijitari. Izvi zvinoita kuti dhizaini ye slot yekadhi ive nyore uye zvinovandudza kuramba mvura neguruva, asi zvinoda rutsigiro rwe carrier uye kugadzirisa sisitimu kwakanyatsonaka.
3. Kugadzira Hardware Kunotsigira Dual SIM
Kuti vagadzire foni ine SIM mbiri, vagadziri vanobatanidza zvinhu zvikuru zvakasiyana:
a) SoC (Sisitimu iri paChip) uye Baseband
Mabasa ekutaurirana nefoni anoitwa ne baseband modem, inowanzo batanidzwa muSoCs dzemazuva ano. Modem iyi inobata kunyoreswa kwenetwork, mafoni, kutumira data, uye manejimendi yeSIM mbiri. Mumafoni eDSDS, modem neRF chain zvinofanirwa kukwanisa kugovera nguva: kuchinjana pakati peSIM 1 neSIM 2 nekukurumidza kuitira kuti zvese zviite se "zviri pastandby."
b) RF Front-End (RFFE)
Nzvimbo yekumberi yeRF inosanganisira amplifier yemagetsi, amplifier yeruzha rushoma, switch yeantenna, duplexer, mafirita (kusanganisira zvikamu zveSAW/BAW), uye module yekugadzirisa antenna. Dual SIM inowedzera kuoma nekuti mudziyo unofanirwa kuchengetedza mashandiro eRF mumabhendi akawanda, kuve nechokwadi chekuti masaini akanaka, uye kuderedza kupindira kwemukati.
c) SIM Interface uye SIM Controller
SIM yega yega inoda interface yemagetsi yakajairika (ISO/IEC 7816 yemaSIM chaiwo). MumaSIM maviri, kune nzira mbiri dzeinterface dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti dzigadzikane, dzisave neruzha, uye dzakachengeteka. Sisitimu iyi inofanirawo kuchengetedza dziviriro ye electrostatic discharge (ESD), sezvo ma SIM contacts anowanzobatwa ne static electricity kana mushandisi akaisa kadhi.
d) Antena neMagadzirirwo eMichina
Mafoni emazuva ano anoshandisa maantenna akawanda e4G/5G, Wi‑Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, uye NFC. Dual SIM inowedzera dambudziko rekugadzirisa maantenna nekuti mudziyo unofanirwa kuchengetedza hunhu hwemasaini kana maprofile maviri enetwork ari kushanda panguva imwe chete, muchimiro chakatetepa uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana (simbi, girazi, polycarbonate), uye kana zvabatwa nemushandisi, izvo zvinogona kuchinja hunhu hwemwaranzi yeantenna.
4. Dhizaini yeSIM Slot: Kubva paMechanics kusvika paKugara kwenguva refu
Makadhi echinyakare eSIM maviri anoshandisa tireyi inokwana makadhi maviri e-nano-SIM. tireyi inofanira kugadzirwa nemazvo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti:
1. kadhi harichinji nyore nyore,
2. Mapini ekubatanidza haakurumidzi kupera,
3. ramba wakasimba kuti utsigire zvinhu zvisingapindi mvura (semuenzaniso IP67/IP68).
Vagadziri vanobva vafunga nezvemagasket erabha, magadzirirwo emafuremu, uye magadzirirwo emhando yepamusoro. Kusakwanisa kushivirira kunogona kukonzera kuti tireyi isasununguke, kubatana kweSIM kusagadzikana, kana kuti zvinogona kuoma kubvisa. Kune ma eSIM, dhizaini yemuchina iri nyore nekuti haidi nzvimbo yechipiri, asi inoda chip yakachengeteka ye eSIM, PCB layout, uye software provisioning.
5. Kubatanidzwa kweSoftware: Basa reOS neFirmware
Dual SIM haisi dambudziko rehardware chete. Sisitimu yekushandisa (kazhinji Android) inofanirwa kupa manejimendi:
- sarudzo yeSIM yakajairika yedata, foni neSMS,
- marongero ekutanga enetwork,
- kutamiswa kwedata kana chiratidzo chisina simba,
- kurambidza mamwe maapplication kushandisa mamwe maSIM,
- Rutsigiro rweVoLTE/VoWiFi paSIM yega yega, zvichienderana nemushandisi.
Padanho rakaderera, modem firmware inotonga kuti makadhi maviri eSIM "anogovana nguva" sei muDSDS. Semuenzaniso, kana SIM 1 ichishandisa data re4G/5G, modem inofanira kuramba ichipa "nguva" yeSIM 2 kuti inyorese kune network uye kugamuchira mapeji (mafoni anouya). Kuronga uku kunofanirwa kushanda zvakanaka kudzivirira kushandiswa kwesimba zvakanyanya uye kuchengetedza kubatana kwedata kwakasimba.
6. Maitiro Ekugadzira Mafoni Ane SIM Dual
Kugadzirwa kwefoni ine SIM mbiri kunotevera maitiro ekugadzira mafoni ese, kunyanya panzira yeSIM uye kuyedzwa kwenetwork.
a) Chikamu cheKutsvagisa neKugadzira (R&D)
Vagadziri ndivo vanosarudza musika wavanoda kushandisa, mhando mbiri dzeSIM (DSDS/DSDA/eSIM), mabhendi emafrequency anotsigirwa, uye dhizaini yemakanika. Mainjiniya eRF neantenna anoita simulations kuona kuti mashandiro anoenderana nemitemo nezvinodiwa nemushandisi.
b) Kugadzira PCB uye Kuisa Zvikamu
Bhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa (PCB) rakagadzirwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti rigone kubatanidza RF, SIM, simba, uye data lines. SIM lines dzinofanira kudzivirirwa uye kuiswa panzvimbo yadzo kudzivirira kukanganiswa neruzha kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu. Kana uchishandisa nzvimbo mbiri dzemuviri, SIM connector inoiswa munzvimbo yaro kuitira kuti isvike nyore nyore netireyi uku ichiri kuchengetedza simba remakanika.
c) SMT (Tekinoroji yeKuisa Pamusoro)
Zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinobatanidzwa kuPCB uchishandisa muchina wekutora-uye-kuisa, wozoiswa muovheni yekudzokorora. Kunyatsojeka kwakakosha nekuti zvikamu zveRF nemafirita zvidiki. Zvikanganiso zvidiki zvinogona kuderedza kunzwisiswa kwemasaini kana kukonzera matambudziko ekubatana kwebhendi.
d) Kuungana kweMichina
Kana PCB yagadzirwa, kamera module, bhatiri, sipika, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoiswa. Kune zvishandiso zviviri zveSIM, tireyi yemodule nechinobatanidza zvakakosha: zvinofanira kunge zvakasimba, zvisingatsvedze, uye zvisingakanganisi chisimbiso kana mudziyo usingapindi mvura.
e) Kuongororwa uye Kuongororwa kweRF
Mafoni anofanirwa kuenzaniswa neRF calibration kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ma transmitter nema receiver avo anosangana nezvinodiwa. Kuedzwa kunosanganisira:
– simba rekutumira (simba reTX),
- kunzwa kwekugamuchira (kunzwa kweRX),
- mhando yekufona,
- kuburitswa kwedata,
- mashandiro mumapoka akawanda uye mamiriro ezvinhu enetwork,
- bvunzo yekuvapo pamwe chete (semuenzaniso 4G/5G pamwe chete neWi‑Fi/Bluetooth).
PamaSIM maviri, bvunzo iyi inotarisawo mamiriro ezvinhu akadai se: mafoni anouya paSIM 2 SIM 1 ichishandisa data, kuchinjana kwenetiweki (kupa), uye kugadzikana kana maSIM ese ari maviri ari pamakambani akasiyana.
7. Chitupa uye Kutevedzera Mutemo
Mudziyo wega wega unofanirwa kuzadzisa mitemo yekutaurirana uye kuchengetedzeka. Kuyedzwa kweSAR (Specific Absorption Rate) kunoongorora huwandu hwekutorwa kwesimba reRF nemuviri wemunhu. Midziyo miviri yeSIM ine mabhendi akawanda inoda kugadziriswa kuti irambe yakachengeteka uye inosangana nezvinodiwa. Uyezve, michina inofanirwa kuenderana nemakambani chaiwo, kusanganisira rutsigiro rweVoLTE/IMS, iyo inowanzoda kuyedzwa kwakawedzerwa.
8. Matambudziko Makuru eDual SIM
Kugadzira foni ine SIM mbiri zvinoreva kusangana nematambudziko ekugadzira:
– Simba rebhatiri: maSIM maviri ari pastandby anogona kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba, kunyanya kana network dzese dziri kushanda munzvimbo isina kusimba yesignali.
- Kukanganiswa kweRF uye kuomarara: mabhendi akawanda, mafirita nekuchinjana zvinova zvakaoma.
- Nzvimbo yemukati: slot yeSIM yakawedzerwa nemitsetse yakabatana nayo inotora nzvimbo inokwikwidzana nebhatiri kana sisitimu yekamera.
– Ruzivo rwemushandisi: OS inofanira kuita kuti kuiswa kweSIM mbiri kuve nyore kunzwisisa, kwete kuvhiringidza pakusarudza nhamba dzekufona/data.
9. Remangwana reDual SIM: eSIM ne iSIM
Mune ramangwana, ma eSIM achava akajairika. Kune pfungwa ye iSIM (integrated SIM) inobatanidza mashandiro eSIM zvakananga muSoC, zvichiita kuti dhizaini ive diki uye ingangoshandisa simba shoma. Kana kushandiswa kwemutakuri kwakapararira, mafoni anogona kunge asina nzvimbo chaiyo, zvichivandudza kugara kwenguva refu kwemuchina uye zvichiita kuti kugadzirwa kuve nyore. Zvisinei, shanduko iyi inoda kugadzirira ecosystem: rutsigiro rwemutakuri, maitiro ari nyore ekushanda, uye marongero ari nyore kushandisa.
Mhedziso
Tekinoroji iri shure kwekugadzira foni yeSIM mbiri isanganiswa yakaoma yekugadzira hardware, kugadzirisa RF, mechanical engineering, modem firmware, uye kubatanidzwa kweoperating system. Mushure mekugona kushandisa nhamba mbiri panguva imwe chete, kune matambudziko makuru ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwesimba, kugadzikana kwenetwork, uye kushaikwa kwenzvimbo mumiviri iri kuramba ichitetepa. Kugadzirwa kwe eSIM ne iSIM kunongedzera nzira yeramangwana: SIM mbiri dzichiri kukosha, asi dziri muchimiro chedhijitari uye chakabatanidzwa. Kune vashandisi, mhedzisiro yacho ndeye nyore kugadzirisa kutaurirana zviri nyore - chinhu chiri nyore chakazvarwa netekinoroji yakaoma.
