Dzidziso dzeChiitiko cheTitanic
Ngarava yeRMS Titanic yakanyura mumaawa ekutanga emusi wa15 Kubvumbi, 1912, mushure mekurovera chando muNorth Atlantic Ocean. Njodzi iyi yakauraya vanhu vanopfuura 1.500 uye ichiri imwe yetsaona dzemugungwa dzakakurumbira munhoroondo. Kunyange hazvo chikonzero chacho chichiratidzika pachena—kurovera chando—kunyura kweTitanic kwakakonzera dzidziso dzakawanda: kubva pakuongorora kwehunyanzvi kunotsigirwa nehumbowo kusvika pakufungidzira kunopesana. Chinyorwa chino chinopfupikisa dzidziso huru pamusoro pekunyura kweTitanic, kubva pane zvesainzi zvakanyanya kusvika kune zvinokakavadzana zvakanyanya.
1. Dzidziso Huru: Kubonderana neIceberg neHull Damage
Dzidziso inonyanya kugamuchirwa, inotsigirwa neruzivo rwekuferefeta, ndeyekuti Titanic yakarova chando usiku hwaitonhora zvikuru mugungwa rakadzikama. Kurova kwacho kwaisava kubvaruka kukuru, sezvinowanzoratidzwa mumafirimu, asi kwaiva nekutsemuka nekukanganisika kweganda rengarava parutivi rwayo rwebhodhi.
Titanic yaiva nemakamuri gumi nematanhatu asingapindi mvura, uye dhizaini yavo yaibvumira ngarava kuti irambe iri mumvura kana mamwe acho akazadzwa nemvura. Zvisinei, kubonderana kwakaita kuti mvura ipinde mumakamuri akawanda kupfuura akachengeteka. Mvura payaipinda, huremu hwechikepe hwakawedzera pamucheto (kumberi), zvichiita kuti chikamu chepamberi chinyure uye chikwevere mamwe makamuri nepakati pemaburi uye misoro yengarava isina kukwidzwa zvakanaka. Izvi zvakatanga cheni ye "domino effects" iyo yakazoita kuti ngarava irasikirwe nekudzikama.
Dzidziso iyi inotsigirwa ne:
– Vashandi nevatakuri vanopupura nezvekuzunguzika kwenguva refu uye kukweshana.
– Kuwanikwa kwechikepe chakaputsika nepakati chinoratidza chikepe chakatyoka nepakati (kunyangwe chikepe chakatyoka gare gare, kwete panguva yetsaona).
- Mamodheru emazuva ano ekufananidzira anofungidzira kukuvara kwenguva refu "kwakakwana" kunyudza ngarava.
2. Dzidziso ye "Hapana Mafungu": Makungwa Akadzikama Anoita Kuti Icebergs Iome Kuona
Imwe tsananguro inowanzotaurwa muzvidzidzo zvemazuva ano ndeyemamiriro egungwa akadzikama zvikuru. Kazhinji, mafungu anorova pasi pegomo rechando anoburitsa furo jena, zvichiita kuti dombo rechando rionekwe uri kure. Husiku ihwohwo, maererano nemishumo yakawanda, pamusoro pegungwa pakanga pakaita segirazi, saka zviratidzo zvakadaro zvaionekwa zvaive zvishoma.
Musanganiswa we:
– Hapana mwedzi (rima),
– Gungwa rakadzikama zvikuru,
- Kupisa kwakaderera kunokonzera mhute kana kukanganiswa kwemaziso,
Dzidziso iyi haitsivi chikonzero chikuru (kusangana), asi inotsanangura kuti nei chando chakaonekwa kunonoka kudaro.
3. Dzidziso yeMirage: Kukanganiswa kweOptical on the Horizon
Vamwe vaongorori vakataura kuti shuramudenga yakaitika husiku ihwohwo nekuda kwekuchinja kwetembiricha: denga remhepo inotonhora riri pedyo negungwa rakavharirwa nedenga remhepo inodziya riri pamusoro paro. Dambudziko iri rinogona kukotama chiedza uye kuchinja chitarisiko chezvinhu zviri kure.
Mhedzisiro inogona kuitika:
- Kureba kunoita sekwakasimudzwa kana kuti kusina kujeka.
- Zvinhu zvakaita semakomo echando zvinoita sezvisina kutsetseka kana kuti zvine musiyano mudiki.
– Mwenje yezvimwe zvikepe inogona kuita seyakasiyana, zvichiita kuti zviome kufungidzira daro razvo.
Dzidziso iyi inonakidza nekuti inoedza kutsanangura zvinhu zviviri panguva imwe chete: kunonoka kuona chando uye kuvhiringidzika kwekutaurirana kwemaziso pakati pezvikepe. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuti humbowo hwemamiriro ekunze hwegore ra1912 hwakaganhurirwa, dzidziso iyi inowanzoiswa sechinhu chinogona kutsigira, kwete chikonzero chega.
4. Dzidziso Yekumhanya Kwakanyanya uye Tsika ye "Kutsvaga Zvinyorwa"
Ngarava yeTitanic yakanga isiriyo ngarava inomhanya kupfuura dzimwe dzose panguva iyoyo, asi yakaramba ichifamba nekumhanya kwaifungidzirwa kuti kwakakwira kunzvimbo ine yambiro yechando. Dzidziso iyi inoratidza kuti tsika dzekufamba nechikepe panguva iyoyo—kunyanya mungarava huru—dzaikurudzira kuzvivimba zvakanyanya netekinoroji yemazuva ano.
Zvinhu zvinowanzotaurwa:
– Nyevero dzakawanda dzechando dzakagamuchirwa, asi hadzisi dzese dzakaitwa nehasha.
– Pane fungidziro yekuti kana chando chikaonekwa, ngarava inogona kuchinzvenga nekufamba kwenguva.
– Kutenda kuti ngarava huru dzine mukana mukuru wekuchengetedzwa.
Vaongorori vazhinji vanoti: dai Titanic yakanga ichifamba zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuti yakamira husiku ihwohwo, tsaona iyi ingadai yakadziviswa kana kuti kurova kwacho kungadai kusina kunyanya kuipa.
5. Dzidziso Yekunyengera Isina Kururama: "Tendeuka + Dzokera Kumashure" Inoita Kuti Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anyanye Kuipa Here?
Munyaya yeTitanic, pane gakava pamusoro pesarudzo yekuti:
- kutendeuka kwakapinza (kwakaoma-ku-nyeredzi) kudzivirira chando,
- uye mirairo yeinjini iyo mune dzimwe dudziro inosanganisira kuderedza simba kana "kudzosera shure."
Dzimwe dzidziso dzinoti dai Titanic yakarova dombo rechando zvakananga nekumhanya kwakaderera, kukuvara kwacho kungadai kwakangogumira muzvikamu zvishomanana, zvichiita kuti ngarava irambe iri mumvura. Asi kurovera parutivi kwaizokonzera kukuvara kukuru, zvichiita kuti mvura ipinde munzvimbo dzakawanda.
Kunyange zvazvo zvingangoitika sezvingafungidzirwa, dzidziso iyi haina chokwadi: zvakaoma kuiratidza nekuti hatigone kutevedzera mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana. Maitiro ekudzivirira anongoitikawo, asi njodzi inoratidza kuti maitiro echisikigo haawanzo buritsa mhedzisiro yakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.
6. Dzidziso yeUnhu hweZvinhu: Brittle Steel uye Rivet
Ongororo yemazuva ano yematongo eTitanic inoratidza kuti zvimwe zvikamu—kunyanya ma rivets munzvimbo dzakati—zvinofungidzirwa kuti hazvina kunaka, kunyanya kana kuchitonhora zvakanyanya. Pakupisa kwakaderera, dzimwe simbi dzinogona kupwanyika, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kutsemuka kana kuputsika kana dzarova.
Dzidziso iyi inoti:
– Hazvisi zvekukanganisa chete, asiwo kuti zvinhu zvinopindura sei pakukanganiswa.
– Kukuvara kunogona kupararira kusvika panosangana plate yehull, zvichiita kuti nzira yekupinda kwemvura iwedzere.
Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyangwe nezvinhu zvakashandiswa zvakanakisisa, kurovera nechando chikuru nekumhanya kwakanyanya kuchiri nengozi. Nokudaro, dzidziso iyi inogona kuonekwa sechikonzero chinowedzera, kwete chikonzero chikuru.
7. Dzidziso yeMoto weMarasha: Ngarava Yanga Yatova "Isina Simba" Here Pamberi peKuparara?
Pane dzidziso yakakurumbira yekuti ngarava yeTitanic yakambobvira nemoto mubunker yemarasha isati yarovera. Moto wakadaro waiwanzoitika muzvikepe zvenguva iyoyo uye waigona kugara kwemazuva, uchikuvadza zvivakwa zvakakomberedza kana ukasadzorwa.
Shanduro iyi yedzidziso inoti:
– Moto unopedza simba mapurati ehudyu kana mafuremu.
– Ngarava dzinova panjodzi huru kana dzikaroverana.
Dzidziso iyi ine kukosha kwenhoroondo—moto wemarasha hausi chinhu chisingabviri—asi kutaura kuti moto ndiwo waive chikonzero chikuru chekunyura kunopokana. Vanyori venhoroondo vazhinji vanouona sechimwe chinhu chingave chakawedzera mamiriro acho ezvinhu, kwete "mudzi mukuru" wenjodzi iyi.
8. Dzidziso yeKushaikwa kweMagwa eKuponesa Vanhu uye Kukundikana kweMaitiro Ekubuda Munzvimbo Dzisina Kufa
Kunyange zvazvo dzidziso iyi isingatsananguri "chikonzero nei ngarava yakanyura," inotsanangura "chikonzero nei vanhu vakafa vakanga vakawanda kudaro." Titanic yakanga isina magwa ekuponesa hupenyu akakwana kune wese munhu (zvichienderana nemitemo yepanguva iyoyo, iyo isati yagadziriswa kuti ienderane nehukuru hwengarava dzemazuva ano).
Pamusoro pezvo, ngarava dzekutanga dzekununura vanhu dzakatanga kuburitswa, dzakawanda dzengarava dzekuponesa vanhu dzisina kuzadzwa zvakakwana, nekuti:
- kuvhiringidzika uye kushaya tsika,
- pakutanga vafambi vaisatenda kuti ngarava yaizonyura,
- nzira dzekuparadzanisa mapoka evanhu uye nzira dzekupinda mudeki dzinoganhurira vamwe vafambi.
Kubva pamaonero edzidziso dzezvakakonzera tsaona iyi, iyi idzidziso inokosha: Titanic haisi nyaya yekungoerekana yaitika tsaona chete, asiwo kukundikana kwehurongwa hwekuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa matambudziko.
9. Dzidziso yeKurangana: Kuchinjana kweTitanic neOlympic
Imwe yedzidziso dzinokakavadzana zvikuru ndeyekuti Titanic yakanga isiri Titanic chaiyo, asi yaiva ngarava yehukama, RMS Olympic, iyo yakatsiviwa nezvinangwa zveinishuwarenzi. Dzidziso iyi yakakurumbira mutsika dzepa internet, asi inowanzorambwa nevanyori venhoroondo nevaongorori vezvikepe nekuti:
– Ruzivo rwakawanda rwekuvakwa uye nhamba dzekuzivikanwa zvinoenderana neTitanic.
- Kukura kwe "kuchinjana" kwengarava hombe kudaro kwaizosanganisira mapato akawanda uye kuisa njodzi.
– Humbowo hwezvitunha nemagwaro hazvitsigire zvinotaurwa nezvekutsinhana kwakarongeka.
Dzidziso iyi inonyanya kutsamira panhoroondo dzinonakidza kupfuura ongororo yakavakirwa pauchapupu.
Mhedziso: Titanic yakanyura nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Muchidimbu, "dzidziso yezviitiko zveTitanic" yakasimba inoti Titanic yakanyura nekuda kwekurovera nechando chakakonzera kukuvara kukuru kwechikepe, zvikaita kuti zvikamu zvakawanda zvizare nemvura. Zvisinei, njodzi iyi yakawedzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: mamiriro ehusiku akaita kuti kuonekwa kuve kwakaoma, zvisarudzo zvine njodzi zvekufamba nechikepe, zvipingamupinyi zvezvinhu uye dhizaini, uye nzira dzekuchengetedza nekubuda dzakakundikana.
Ngarava yeTitanic yakashanda sechidzidzo chikuru kune nyika dzemugungwa: tekinoroji isina nzira dzakakodzera dzekuchengetedza inogona kushanduka kuva njodzi. Chiitiko ichi chakatungamira mukugadziriswa kwemitemo yekuchengetedza mugungwa, kusanganisira huwandu hwezvikepe zvekununura, kudzidzira kubuda, uye masisitimu ekutaurirana ekukurumidza - nhaka inorwadza yengarava yaimbonzi "isinganyuri."
Kana muchida, ndinogona kugadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kuita: shanduro yesainzi ine mareferensi ekutsvagisa, shanduro yebasa rechikoro (mutauro uri nyore), kana shanduro inotarisa pane imwe dzidziso.
