Nhoroondo yeKuvandudzwa kweMasisitimu Edzidzo Munyika Yose
Dzidzo chinhu chakakosha pakukura kwetsika dzevanhu. Kubva kare kusvika munguva yanhasi, masisitimu edzidzo akachinja-chinja zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira tsika, zvematongerwo enyika, zvehupfumi, uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora nhoroondo yekukura kwemasisitimu edzidzo pasi rose, kubva pakutanga kwetsika dzevanhu kusvika panguva yazvino yedhijitari.
Nguva Yekare: Nheyo dzeDzidzo
Kare kare, dzidzo yaiwanzo shandiswa kumapoka epamusoro uye yainyanya kukoshesa zvechitendero. MuIjipita yekare, dzidzo yaipiwa nematemberi uye yainyanya kukoshesa kudzidza hieroglyphics neruzivo rwechitendero. Vana vanobva kumhuri dzehumambo nemachinda chete ndivo vaikwanisa kuwana dzidzo yepamutemo.
Ruzivo rwekare rwechiGiriki rwakapa maonero akasiyana nezvepfungwa yedzidzo. MuAthens, dzidzo yainyanya kutarisisa kukura kwemunhu wese, kusanganisira kukura kwemuviri, tsika, uye pfungwa. Vazivi vakaita saSocrates, Plato, naAristotle vakaita basa guru mukuumba zvidzidzo zvedzidzo zvaisimbisa kukosha kwekufunga, tsika, nesainzi. Plato's Academy neAristotle's Lyceum dzaive nzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzekudzidza panguva iyoyo.
MuChina yekare, hurongwa hwedzidzo hwakavakirwa paConfucianism hwakatanga kukura munenge muzana remakore rechitanhatu BC. Dzidzo pano yainyanya kukoshesa dzidziso dzetsika netsika, pamwe nemabasa akakosha emhuri nehurumende. Hurongwa hwekuongororwa kwevashandi vehurumende hwakatangwa panguva yeHan Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) hwakava chiratidzo chedzidzo yeChinese, umo vakuru vehurumende vaisarudzwa zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwavo hwedzidzo.
Makore Epakati: Dzidzo pasi peDziviriro yeChitendero
Munguva yeMiddle Ages muEurope, dzidzo yainyanya kukoshesa Chechi yeKatorike. Mamongi nemacathedral aishanda senzvimbo dzekudzidzisa vanhu vaida kuva vafundisi. Zvidzidzo zvavo zvainyanya kukoshesa zvidzidzo zveBhaibheri, zvechitendero, uye hunyanzvi hwekuverenga nekunyora hwechiLatin. Mayunivhesiti ekutanga ekuEurope akatanga muzana remakore rechi11 nerechi12, akadai seYunivhesiti yeBologna neYunivhesiti yeParis, iyo yaipa dzidzo yepamusoro mumutemo, zvechitendero, uye zveuzivi.
Munguva imwe cheteyo, nyika yeIslam yakawana nguva yegoridhe yedzidzo nekudzidza. Maguta akadai seBaghdad, Cordoba, neCairo akava nzvimbo dzekudzidza, achivaka madrasa nemaraibhurari makuru. Vanhu vakakurumbira vakaita saAl-Farabi, Avicenna, naAl-Ghazali vakasimudzira pfungwa dzavo muminda yakaita semasvomhu, mushonga, uye uzivi.
Kuvandudzwa kweRenaissance neReformation: Kukwira kweDzidzo Yepasi
Kuvandudzwa kwetsika muEurope (14–17 AD) kwakaunza mweya mutsva mudzidzo, kuchisimbisa pfungwa dzevanhu uye kuwanikwa patsva kweruzivo rwechiGiriki neRoma rwekare. Zvikoro zvakatanga kuumbwa nehurongwa hwezvidzidzo hunosanganisira hunyanzvi, mabhuku, nesainzi. Dzidzo yakava nyore kusvika kuvanhu vazhinji, kunyange zvazvo yakaramba ichitongwa nevarume vepamusoro.
Kuchinja kwevaPurotesitendi muzana remakore rechi16, kwakatungamirirwa nevanhu vakaita saMartin Luther, kwakabatsirawo zvikuru pakudzidza. Luther nevamwe vaichinja dzidziso vaitenda mukukosha kwekuverenga Bhaibheri, zvichiita kuti vanhu vakawanda vade kuverenga nekunyora. Zvikoro zvevaPurotesitendi zvakatanga, zvichipa dzidzo yekutanga inofukidza kuverenga, kunyora, uye masvomhu.
Nguva Yekujekeswa uye Kuchinja Kwemaindasitiri: Kutanga Kwedzidzo Yemazuva Ano
Kujekeswa kwezana remakore rechi18 kwakasimbisa kukosha kwekufunga uye kuzvimirira, zvichiunza shanduko huru mumaonero pamusoro pedzidzo. Vazivi vakaita saJohn Locke naJean-Jacques Rousseau vakapa hwaro hwedzidziso itsva dzedzidzo, vachisimbisa kukura kwehunyanzvi hwemunhu uye kukosha kweruzivo rwakananga mukudzidza.
Kupinda muzana remakore rechi19, shanduko yeindasitiri yakakanganisa zvikuru dzidzo. Kudiwa kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi uye vane ruzivo rwekushandisa michina mitsva uye kutungamira maitiro epamusoro emaindasitiri kwakaita kuti nyika dzigadzire masisitimu edzidzo yeruzhinji. Zvikoro zvepuraimari nesekondari zvakava zvakajairika, uye mitemo yedzidzo yekumanikidzwa yakaitwa munyika zhinji dzeEurope neNorth America.
Sisitimu yedzidzo yePrussia yakaoma yakava muenzaniso kune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira United States, nehurongwa hwechikoro hwaisanganisira dzidzo yeruzhinji uye kudzidziswa kwevadzidzisi.
Zana remakore rechi20: Dzidzo Yevanhu Vose
Muzana remakore rechi20, pfungwa yedzidzo yevanhu vose yakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Dzidzo yepuraimari nesekondari yakatanga kuonekwa sekodzero huru yemwana wese. Masangano epasi rose akadai seUN neUNESCO akasimudzira chirongwa ichi kuburikidza nemapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana nemitemo.
Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, nyika zhinji dzakatanga kuona kukosha kwedzidzo yepamusoro nekutanga mayunivhesiti matsva nemasangano ekutsvagisa. Shanduko iyi yakakosha mukusimudzira tekinoroji nesainzi, pamwe nekutsigira kukura kwehupfumi.
Uyezve, masangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu munyika dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira United States, akakurudzira kubviswa kwerusaruraganda, rusaruraganda, uye rusaruraganda mukuwana dzidzo. Mitemo yekutsigira kodzero dzevanhu, zvikoro zvedzidzo, uye mapurogiramu anosanganisira vanhu vose akatanga kushandiswa kuti pave nemikana yakaenzana kumapoka ese.
Nguva yeDigital: Chimurenga cheDzidzo yeMazuva Ano
Tichipinda muzana remakore rechi21, tekinoroji yakachinja nyika yedzidzo. Indaneti nekufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hweruzivo zvinoita kuti vanhu vawane ruzivo nedzidzo kubva chero kupi zvako pasi rose. Mapuratifomu ekudzidza e-e uye ekudzidza epamhepo akadai seCoursera, edX, neKhan Academy anopa makosi nezvinhu zvekudzidzisa zvinowanikwa nemamiriyoni evanhu mahara kana nemutengo wakaderera.
Kugadzira ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira (AI) nehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa zvinhu zviri kutanga kushandiswa kugadzirisa ruzivo rwekudzidza, zvichibatsira vadzidzi kunzwisisa zvinhu nenzira dzinoenderana nezvavanoda. VR neAR zviri kutangawo kushandiswa mudzidzo, zvichipa ruzivo rwekudzidza rwunobaya mwoyo uye rwunobatanidza.
Zvikoro nemayunivhesiti zviri kutanga kushandisa tekinoroji iyi muzvidzidzo zvavo, uye nzira dzekudzidzisa dzakasanganiswa dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera kuwanda, nekubatanidzwa kwemakirasi ekurovedza muviri neepaindaneti.
Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo tekinoroji ichipa mabhenefiti akawanda, matambudziko achiripo. Kusakwanisa kuwana tekinoroji zvakaenzana, kunyanya munyika dzichiri kusimukira, kuchiri nyaya huru. Izvi zvinoda kuramba zvichitariswa kuti munhu wese awane mabhenefiti edzidzo yedhijitari.
Mhedziso
Nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwehurongwa hwedzidzo pasi rose inoratidza kuti dzidzo yakachinja sei nekufamba kwenguva. Kubva padzidzo yakatarisana nemapoka epamusoro nezvitendero munguva dzekare, kusvika kudzidzo yepasi rose inotungamirwa neIndustrial Revolution, uye ikozvino nedzidzo yedhijitari iri kuramba ichikura pasi rose, nguva yega yega yakaunza shanduko huru.
Kuchinja uku kunoratidza kukosha kwekugara uchichinja-chinja uye kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva kuti zvisangane nematambudziko matsva kuitira kuti dzidzo ikwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa nevanhu vese nenharaunda. Remangwana rehurongwa hwedzidzo rinoita seriri kukanganiswa zvakanyanya netekinoroji uye kudiwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva, zvichida nzira inochinjika uye inosanganisira vose.
