Kuchinja Kwemaindasitiri muEngland Nemigumisiro Yako
Pengantar
Chimurenga cheMaindasitiri muEngland chaive chimwe chezviitiko zvikuru munhoroondo yevanhu. Kutanga mukupera kwezana remakore rechi18, chakachinja zvikuru mashandiro evanhu, mararamiro avo, uye kudyidzana kwavo nenyika yakavapoteredza. Kuchinja uku kukuru, kwaisanganisira kuchinja kubva pakurima nekugadzira zvinhu nemaoko kuenda kuinjiniya nekugadzira zvinhu zvemaindasitiri, kwakakonzera matambudziko makuru achiri kunzwika nanhasi.
Nhoroondo yeKushanduka kweMaindasitiri
Chimurenga cheIndasitiri muEngland hachina kuitika kamwe kamwe; chakakonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvaishanda pamwe chete kwenguva yakareba. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru chaive kukura kwevanhu nekukurumidza, izvo zvakawedzera kudiwa kwezvinhu nemasevhisi. Uyezve, England yaive nezviwanikwa zvakawanda zvechisikigo, zvinosanganisira marasha nesimbi, izvo zvaive zvakakosha mukusimudzira maindasitiri.
Kugadzira tekinoroji kwakakoshawo. Kugadzira injini yesteam kwaJames Watt kwaive chimwe chezvinhu zvitsva zvikuru zvakachinja chimiro chemaindasitiri. Muchina uyu wakaita kuti kugadzirwa kwemachira kuve kwakanaka uye kwakachipa. Uyezve, kufambira mberi kwemachira kwakakoshawo. Vagadziri vakaita saRichard Arkwright's 'Water Frame' naSamuel Crompton's 'Spinning Mule' vakakurumidzisa maitiro ekuruka donje, vachiwedzera kugadzirwa kwemachira.
Economic Impact
Kuchinja kwehupfumi kweIndustrial Revolution muEngland kwaive kwakakura uye kwakazara. Chimwe chezvishanduko zvakakosha kwaive kuchinja kubva pakurima kuenda kuhupfumi hwemaindasitiri. Chimurenga chisati chaitika, vanhu vazhinji vaivimba nekurima kuti vawane raramo. Zvisinei, nekuuya kwemafekitori uye kudiwa kwevashandi vemaindasitiri, vanhu vazhinji vakatamira kumaguta vachitsvaga mabasa.
Kuchinja uku kwakaita kuti pave neboka idzva revashandi uye kwakaita kuti maguta awedzere kukura. Maguta akaita seManchester, Liverpool, neBirmingham akawedzera nekukurumidza uye akava nzvimbo dzakakosha dzemaindasitiri. Sezvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvaigadzirwa, Britain yakatangawo kuwedzera misika yayo yekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Zvigadzirwa zveBritain zvaitengeswa kwete chete munyika asiwo pasi rose, zvichisimbisa chinzvimbo cheBritain sesimba guru rehupfumi hwenyika.
Zvisinei, shanduko iyi haina kugara yakanyarara. Kusarongeka kwehupfumi nekubatwa zvisina kunaka kwevashandi ndizvo zvinhu zvinofanira kutariswa. Basa remufekitori rinowanzo bhadharwa mari shoma, rine maawa akawanda uye mamiriro ekushanda asina kunaka. Kushandiswa kwevana idambudziko guruwo, nevana vachiwanzomanikidzwa kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru.
Kukanganisa Kwemagariro Evanhu
Shanduko yeindasitiri muEngland yakaunza shanduko huru munharaunda. Kuwanda kwemafekitori nemaindasitiri makuru kwakachinja mamiriro enharaunda aivepo. Vashandi vatsva vaiwanzogara mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka, aine dzimba dzakazara nevanhu uye hutsanana husina kunaka. Izvi zvakakonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano uye huwandu hwerufu, kunyanya pakati pevana.
Zvisinei, shanduko yeindasitiri yakaunzawo kuvandudzwa mune zvedzidzo nehunyanzvi. Nekuda kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi, zvikoro zvehunyanzvi nemayunivhesiti zvakatanga kuunza mapurogiramu akatarisana nesainzi netekinoroji. Izvi zvakavhurira vanhu vazhinji mikana yekuvandudza hunyanzvi hutsva uye kuwedzera kufamba kwavo munharaunda.
Hupenyu hwemhuri hwakachinjawo zvikuru. Chimurenga chisati chaitika, mhuri dzaiwanzoshanda pamwe chete muminda kana mumabasa emaoko. Zvisinei, nekuuya kwemafekitori, nhengo zhinji dzemhuri, kusanganisira vana, dzaifanira kushanda dzakasiyana. Izvi zvakakanganisa mashandiro emhuri pamwe nepfungwa dzenhengo dzayo.
Zvematongerwo enyika Impact
Muzvematongerwo enyika, shanduko yeindasitiri yakavawo nemigumisiro yakakura. Kukwira kwevashandi kwakakonzera kumanikidzwa kwekuchinja kwezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu. Vashandi vakatanga kuona kukosha kwekuva nenzwi muzvisarudzo zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwavo. Izvi zvakazopedzisira zvaita kuti pave nemafambiro akasiyana-siyana evashandi uye shanduko dzemutemo.
Mitemo yakaita seFactory Acts yakaunzwa kuti ivandudze mamiriro ekushanda mumafekitori. Sangano reChartist, iro raisanganisira zvinodiwa zvakaita sekodzero yevarume vose uye mihoro yenhengo dzeparamende, zvakawedzera simba. Izvi zvakaratidza kuti mamiriro matsva ezvemagariro evanhu nehupfumi aida chimiro chezvematongerwo enyika chinosanganisira vanhu vose uye chakaenzana.
Uyezve, kukura kwesimba rehupfumi reBritain kwakasimbisawo chinzvimbo chayo sesimba rezvematongerwo enyika pasi rose. Nekutonga kwezviwanikwa nemisika pasi rose kuburikidza nekutonga kwevakoloni, Britain yaigona kushandisa simba rayo rezvematongerwo enyika munyika dzakawanda.
Migumisiro yeTekinoroji uye Yezvakatipoteredza
Kuchinja kwemaindasitiri kwakaunza kukura kukuru mukuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji. Zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita seinjini yemhepo, telegraph, uye roketi yechitima zvakachinja mararamiro edu nekutaurirana kwedu. Zvinhu zvitsva izvi hazvina kungokurumidzisa maitiro ekugadzira chete asiwo zvakaita kuti nyika inzwe sediki uye yakabatana zvakanyanya.
Zvisinei, kufambira mberi uku kwetekinoroji hakuna kuuya pasina mutengo. Kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kweIndustrial Revolution kwaive kukuru uye kazhinji kwaiparadza. Kusvibiswa kwemhepo nemvura kwakava matambudziko makuru mumaguta emaindasitiri. Mafekitori aishandisa marasha senzvimbo yawo huru yesimba aiburitsa utsi hune chepfu hwakasvibisa mhepo, zvichikonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano.
Kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvechisikigo kwakawedzerawo zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuora kwezvakatipoteredza. Kutemwa kwemasango, kuchera migodhi, uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwevhu zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara uye kuora kwemhando yevhu. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyange hazvo chimurenga ichi chakaunza kufambira mberi kwakawanda, chakaunzawo matambudziko makuru anofanirwa kugadziriswa.
Mhedziso
Chimurenga cheIndasitiri muEngland chaive chiitiko chenhoroondo chakashandura nyika nenzira dzakawanda. Kubva pakuchinja kwehupfumi nemagariro evanhu kusvika pakuchinja kwezvematongerwo enyika nezvakatipoteredza, chimurenga ichi chakaumba mararamiro edu kusvika nhasi. Kunyange zvazvo chakaunza mabhenefiti akawanda, chakaunzawo matambudziko achiri kukosha munyika yanhasi.
Kunzwisisa zvizere nezveKushanduka kweMaindasitiri uye zvakunokanganisa kwacho kwakakosha kuti tinzwisise mamiriro ezvinhu aripo nhasi. Nekudzidza kubva munguva yakapfuura, tinogona kugadzirisa shanduko dzetekinoroji nehupfumi mune ramangwana, tichiona kuti kufambira mberi kwatinoita kunoenderana nemisimboti yekururamisira munharaunda uye kuchengetedza nharaunda.
