Midziyo Inodiwa Pakugadzira Redhiyo yeAM
Nhepfenyuro yeredhiyo yave ichibatanidza vanhu mukuteerera nhau, mimhanzi, nedzimwe ruzivo kweanopfuura zana remakore. Nhepfenyuro yeAM (Amplitude Modulation) yaive imwe yetekinoroji dzekare munharaunda iyi. Kunyangwe tekinoroji yeredhiyo yeFM nedhijitari yekuparadzira yakafambira mberi nekukurumidza, misimboti yekutanga nemidziyo inodiwa pakuvaka redhiyo yeAM ichiri kuwanikwa mumakosi ekutanga einjiniya yemagetsi. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura michina inodiwa pakuvaka redhiyo yeAM iri nyore uye kuti zvikamu izvi zvinoshanda sei pamwe chete kuti zvigamuchire masaini eAM.
1. Antenna
Basa reantenna nderekugamuchira mafungu eredhiyo eAM anotumirwa kubva kuchiteshi cheredhiyo. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemaantenna, asi pabasa riri nyore, unogona kushandisa waya refu. Waya iyi inowanzo kureba mamita maviri kuti ishande zvakanaka pakubata masaini eAM ane mafungu marefu.
2. Kugadzirisa Koiri (Inductor)
Tuning coil, kana kuti inductor, inokosha pakusarudza mafrequency. Inductor iyi inowanzogadzirwa newaya yakaputirwa yakasungirirwa kuita coil. Inductor inoshanda pamwe chete ne capacitor kusarudza mafrequency chaiwo mukati mechiteshi cheredhiyo chaunoda kuburikidza nenzira inozivikanwa se resonance.
3. Capacitor inoshanduka
Variable capacitor, kana kuti variable condenser, mudziyo unobvumira shanduko mu capacitance kuchinja frequency ye resonant yeLC (inductor-capacitor) circuit. Nekuchinja capacitance ye capacitor, unogona kugadzirisa redhiyo kuma frequency akasiyana kuti utsvage zviteshi zveredhiyo.
4. Diode yekuongorora
Diode yekuona kana kubvisa masaini eAM. Iyi diode inobvumira magetsi kuti afambe nenzira imwe chete, zvichiita kuti iparadzanise masaini eaudio neAM carrier. Kazhinji, ma germanium diode anoshandiswa nekuti ane voltage yakaderera yemberi pane ma silicon diodes.
5. Mudzivisi
Ma resistors anoshandiswa kudzora kufamba kwemagetsi mumasekete. Akakosha pakuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwezvimwe zvikamu zvemagetsi mumusangano we AM radio. Ma resistors anofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa zvesekete riri kugadzirwa.
6. Mahedhifoni kana maSpeaker
Kuti unzwe chiratidzo cheruzha chakaderedzwa, unoda mudziyo unoburitsa ruzha. Maearphone kana masipika anowanzo shandiswa pachinangwa ichi. Mumapurojekiti akareruka, maearphone ekristaro anowanzo sarudzwa nekuti haadi simba rakawanda uye anowanikwa nyore nyore.
7. Breadboard kana PCB
Breadboard kana PCB (Printed Circuit Board) inoshanda sepuratifomu apo zvese zvikamu zvinoiswa uye zvakabatana. Breadboards inobvumira kugadziriswa kwedunhu nyore nyore pasina chikonzero chekusungirirwa, nepo PCBs ichipa mhinduro inogara iripo kana dhizaini yekupedzisira yapedzwa.
8. Bhatiri kana Simba Rinobva
Chinhu chekupedzisira chinodiwa isimba remagetsi. Mapurojekiti mazhinji eredhiyo ari nyore anongoda simba remagetsi mashoma, saka mabhatiri eAA kana AAA akakwana. Zvisinei, simba rekunze rinogona kushandiswa kumaseketi akaomarara.
Maitiro Ari Nyore eRadio Circuit yeAM
1. Kutora Chiratidzo:
MaAntenna anobata mafungu eredhiyo anotumirwa nezviteshi zveredhiyo. Mafungu aya musanganiswa wemafrequencies akasiyana.
2. Kusarudzwa Kwenguva Dzose:
Mafungu eredhiyo anogamuchirwa neantenna anobva apinda muLC circuit (inductor ne variable capacitor). Nekugadzirisa variable capacitor, unogona kushandura resonant frequency yecircuit iyi kuti usefe ma frequency aunoda. Masignali ane ma frequency anoenderana ne resonant frequency chete ndiwo achapfuudzwa uye anowedzera.
3. Kuonekwa:
Kana chiratidzo chaunoda chaseferwa, chinopfuudzwa kune detector diode. Iyi diode inobvisa chiratidzo checarrier kubva pachiratidzo che modulating, zvichiita kuti chiratidzo chekutanga cheaudio (chine izwi kana mimhanzi) chiparadzaniswe.
4. Zvinobuda:
Chiratidzo chenzwi chakabviswa chinozotumirwa kune earphone kana speaker input, uko chiratidzo chemagetsi chinoshandurwa kuita ruzha runonzwika.
Wagadzirira Kuenda!
Kuvaka redhiyo iri nyore yeAM kune mabhenefiti makuru edzidzo. Nekunzwisisa misimboti iyi yekutanga, haungodzidzi chete nezve tekinoroji yekutanga inofambisa kutaurirana kweredhiyo asiwo kukudzidzisa pfungwa dzakakura dzefizikisi neinjiniya yemagetsi. Heano matanho anoshanda ekukubatsira kutanga chirongwa chako cheDIY.
1. Kuungana kweAntena:
Tanga nekubatanidza antenna refu yewaya kune breadboard kana PCB.
2. Gungano reLC Dunhu:
Batanidza inductor ne variable capacitor pabhodhi rechingwa. Iva nechokwadi chekuti waya yeantenna yakabatana kune rimwe divi reinductor.
3. Batanidza Detector Diode:
Isa detector diode pabhodhi rechingwa, batanidza mugumo mumwe kuLC circuit uye mumwe mugumo kune resistor.
4. Isa Resistor neEarphone:
Batanidza resistor nema earphones kucircuit, rimwe divi re resistor rakabatana ne diode uye rimwe divi rakabatana ne earphone kana speaker input. Zvakare, batanidza ma earphones pasi kuti upedze circuit.
5. Zvishandiso:
Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zvakabatana zvichienderana nekuiswa kwakakodzera pabhodhi rechingwa kana PCB wobva wabatanidza kune simba remagetsi.
6. Kugadzika:
Paunenge wakapfeka mahedhifoni munzeve dzako, edza kutenderedza capacitor inoshanduka kuti ugadzirise redhiyo kumafrequencies akasiyana-siyana kusvika wawana chiteshi cheredhiyo chakachena.
Chirongwa ichi chinogona kugadziriswa uye kuwedzerwa nekuwedzera mavhoriyamu, amplifier yeaudio, kana kushandisa simba rine simba. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti ugone kuteerera zvinobudirira nhepfenyuro paredhiyo yako yeAM yakagadzirwa kumba—chiitiko chinogutsa uye chinodzidzisa.
Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita redhiyo yeAM uye kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinobatsira sei mukushanda kwayo kunopa hwaro hwakasimba kune chero ani zvake anofarira zvemagetsi nekutaurirana. Rombo rakanaka, uye mapurojekiti ako ngaabudirire!
