Gwaro reKuunganidza Redhiyo neIC
Kuvaka redhiyo uchishandisa circuit yakabatanidzwa (IC) ipurojekiti inonakidza uye inodzidzisa, yakakodzera kune avo vanoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezvemagetsi nemacircuit. Redhiyo yakagadzirwa kumba inogona kukudzidzisa misimboti yekutanga yefrequency, modulation, uye demodulation. Chinyorwa chino chichataura nezvematanho ekuvaka redhiyo uchishandisa IC, zvinhu zvinodiwa, uye maturusi anodiwa, uye mamwe matipi ekuona kuti redhiyo inoshanda nemazvo.
Nhanganyaya Yekutanga kuRadio neIC
Redhiyo chishandiso chekutaurirana chinogamuchira masaini emagetsi anotumirwa nemhepo uye chinoashandura kuita ruzha runonzwika. Redhiyo ine zvikamu zvikuru zvakati wandei, zvinosanganisira antenna, tuning circuitry, amplification, uye detection.
IC (Integrated Circuit) chinhu chemagetsi chinosanganisa macircuit akawanda kuita chip diki chimwe chete. MaIC akagadzirwa kuti arerutse macircuit emagetsi uye kuderedza kudiwa kwezvikamu zvakawanda zvakasiyana. Kushandisa maIC kunoita kuti kuunganidza maredhiyo kuve nyore uye kushande zvakanaka.
Zvinhu Zvinodiwa uye Zvishandiso
Usati watanga kuunganidza redhiyo, iva nechokwadi chekuti une zvese zvinodiwa uye maturusi:
Material:
1. Radio IC: MaIC anonyanya kushandiswa pachirongwa ichi ndeekuti TDA7000, TDA7010, kana kuti LM386.
2. Kondensa: Makondensa akati wandei (capacitors) ane ma capacitance akasiyana-siyana.
3. Zvinopikisa: Zvinopikisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvine zvinopikisa zvakasiyana-siyana.
4. Inductor (Coil): Inductor kana coil yakakodzera yeredhiyo frequency yaunoda kubatanidza.
5. Antena: Antena yekugamuchira masaini eredhiyo.
6. Variable Capacitor: Yekugadzirisa mafrequency eredhiyo.
7. Sipika kana Earphone: Yekuburitsa ruzha.
8. Bhatiri kana Simba: Kupa simba kudunhu reredhiyo.
9. PCB (Bhodhi reDunhu Rakadhindwa): Kuisa zvikamu zvemagetsi.
Chishandiso:
1. Solder neSolder Tin: Kubatanidza zvikamu kuPCB.
2. Mapuri ekucheka waya: Ekucheka nekushongedza tambo.
3. Kusveta Solder: Kana paine chikanganiso pakusveta.
4. Multimeter: Kuyera voltage, current, uye resistance.
5. MaTweezers: Kubata zvinhu zvidiki.
6. Sikurudhiraivha diki: Yekubatanidza nekugadzirisa zvikamu.
Matanho Ekugadzira Redhiyo
1. Kunzwisisa Maitiro eDunhu
Danho rekutanga nderekunzwisisa hurongwa hweredhiyo hwaunoda kuvaka. Hurongwa hweredhiyo imepu inoratidza kuti zvikamu zvese zvemagetsi zvinofanira kubatanidzwa sei. Unogona kuwana hurongwa hweredhiyo mumabhuku emagetsi, mawebhusaiti epurojekiti eDIY, kana nhungamiro kubva kuvagadziri veIC.
2. Gadzirira Nzvimbo Yebasa
Iva nechokwadi chekuti une nzvimbo yekubatira ine chiedza chakanaka uye yakakura. Unganidza zvese zvinodiwa uye maturusi uye iva nechokwadi chekuti ari mumamiriro akanaka uye akagadzirira kushandiswa.
3. Zvikamu zveSoldering paPCB
Tanga kuunganidza dunhu nekusanganisa zvikamu kuPCB zvichienderana nehurongwa. Heino kurongeka kwakazara:
– Kuisa IC: Isa IC paPCB panzvimbo chaiyo. Kana ukashandisa soketi yeIC, tanga wabatanidza soketi wozoisa IC musoketi.
– Kuisa maResistors nemaCondenser: Isa maResistors nemaCondenser zvichienderana nedhayagiramu yedunhu. Cherechedza kukosha kweresistance uye capacitance kwakakodzera.
– Kuwedzera Inductor neVariable Capacitor: Batanidza inductor nevariable capacitor kuPCB. Inductor nevariable capacitor zvichashandiswa kugadzirisa frequency yeredhiyo.
– Kubatanidza Antena neSipika: Kubatanidza antenna yekugamuchira masaini uye sipika kana kuti earphone kuti inzwi ribude.
4. Kuongorora Kwekutanga
Kana zvikamu zvese zvaiswa paPCB, tanga waongorora uchishandisa multimeter. Tarisa zvakabatana kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hapana mapfupi kana zvakabatana zvisina kusimba. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zvakabatana zvichienderana nedhayagiramu yedunhu.
5. Zvishandiso Zvinobatanidza
Batanidza bhatiri kana sosi yemagetsi kudunhu. Iva nechokwadi chekuti voltage inosangana nezvinodiwa neIC nezvimwe zvikamu. Kazhinji, maredhiyo anoshandisa voltage iri pakati pe6V ne12V, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwedunhu.
6. Kugadzirisa Mafambiro
Gadzirisa mafrequency eredhiyo nekutenderedza variable capacitor. Ungangoda kushandisa sikurudhiraivha diki kugadzirisa iyi variable capacitor. Gadzirisa kuti ienderane nefrequency yaunoda uye iva nechokwadi chekuti uri kugamuchira chiratidzo chakajeka.
7. Kutongwa
Batidza circuit woiedza kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti redhiyo iri kushanda zvakanaka. Teerera kunhepfenyuro yeredhiyo kuburikidza nemaspika kana mahedhifoni. Kana kunhepfenyuro kusina kujeka, edza kugadzirisa dial inoshanduka kana kutarisa zvese zvakabatana uye zvikamu.
Mazano ekugadzira Redhiyo
1. Tarisa Zvikamu Usati Waisa: Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zviri mumamiriro akanaka uye zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.
2. Kusonesa Nokuchenjera: Sonesa zvikamu zvose nokungwarira kudzivirira mapfupi.
3. Shandisa Multimeter: Shandisa multimeter nguva dzose kuti utarise kubatana uye voltage pane chimwe nechimwe chikamu.
4. Nzvimbo Yebasa Yakachena: Iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yebasa yakachena uye yakarongeka kudzivirira kurasikirwa nezvinhu zvidiki.
5. Nyora pasi basa rako: Nyora pasi danho rega rega raunotora. Izvi zvichakubatsira kana uchida kugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa zvikanganiso.
Kupedzisa nekuvandudza
Kana redhiyo yako yagadzirwa zvakanaka uye yashanda zvakanaka, unogona kutsvaga imwe nzira yekuvandudza. Semuenzaniso, wedzera sefa yekuderedza kukanganiswa kana kugadzira casing yekudzivirira circuit. Unogona zvakare kuedza kuvaka maredhiyo ane marudzi akasiyana eIC kuti unzwisise zvakadzama tekinoroji yeredhiyo.
Kuvaka redhiyo yako pachako hakusi kungori purojekiti inonakidza chete asiwo yekudzidzisa. Inopa kunzwisisa kwemitemo yekushanda kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi uye kuti zvinodyidzana sei. Negwaro iri, unotarisira kuti uchakwanisa kubudirira kugadzira redhiyo uchishandisa maIC uye kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha munyika yemagetsi.
