Matanho Ekugadzira Mini Radio
Redhiyo diki mudziyo mudiki unokutendera kuteerera nhepfenyuro dzeredhiyo. Pasinei nehukuru hwayo hudiki, maitiro ekuvaka anosanganisira zvikamu zvakawanda zvemagetsi. Maredhiyo diki anogona kuvakwa kuti ashandiswe mumitambo yekutamba kana sechishandiso chekudzidza chemagetsi. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura matanho akadzama ekuvaka redhiyo diki.
1. Gadzirira Zvishandiso Nezvinhu
Usati watanga, iva nechokwadi chekuti une zvese zvinodiwa uye zvinhu zvinodiwa. Heino runyorwa rwezvaunoda:
Chishandiso:
- Simbi inonamira nesimbi inonamira
- Kucheka pinjisi
- Zvishandiso zvekudzivirira
– Multimeter (sarudzo)
- Breadboard (yekuyedza kwekutanga)
Material:
– Antena (waya yemhangura kana teresikopu diki)
– Ma capacitor eCeramic (10-100 pF)
- Kutenderedza waya ine enamel (yekutenderedza coil)
- Transistor (NPN yakaita se2N2222 kana 2N3904)
– Zvinodzivirira (1kΩ, 10kΩ)
– Detector diode (1N34A kana yakafanana nayo)
- Kudzora huwandu (10kΩ potentiometer)
- Headphone diki kana speaker jack
– Mabhatiri (9V kana 2x AA ane chibatiso)
2. Kugadzira Coil (Inductor)
Chinhu chakakosha muredhiyo i coil, kana kuti inductor. Basa re coil nderekubata masaini eredhiyo. Heino maitiro ekugadzira coil:
1. Tora waya ine enamel yakareba mita imwe chete.
2. Peta waya uchitenderedza simbi ine simende (inogona kugadzirwa nebhatiri rakamboshandiswa kana pombi yepurasitiki) ine dhayamita inosvika 1-2 cm.
3. Putira waya ka20-50, zvichienderana nekakawanda kaunoda kubata.
4. Kana wapedza kumonera, siya magumo ewaya akareba 3 cm kuti ubatanidzwe nemagetsi.
3. Kuunganidza Zvikamu paBhodhi reChingwa
Unogona kushandisa bhodhi rekugadzira chingwa kuti uunganidze zvinhu zvacho usati wazvibatanidza nePCB kuti zvive nyore kuyedza.
1. Batanidza capacitor yeceramic ye100 pF negumbo rimwe richidzika pasi (GND) uye rimwe richidzika kune rimwe divi re coil.
2. Batanidza rimwe divi rekoiri pamuunganidzi wetransistor yeNPN.
3. Batanidza hwaro hwe transistor kune resistor ye10kΩ, uye rimwe mugumo we resistor pasi.
4. Kubva pamuchina we transistor, batanidzawo resistor ye1kΩ kune headphone kana speaker jack.
5. Isa detector diode (cathode parutivi '+' uye anode pasi, zvichienderana neaudio output).
6. Kubva pane zvinobuda muaudio, wedzera capacitor ye10µF kuti ubvise chiratidzo cheaudio.
7. Batanidza antenna panzvimbo yekupinda coil.
4. Kusunga paPCB
Mushure mekuedza pabhodhi rekugadzira chigadziko, danho rinotevera nderekusanganisa zvikamu zvacho kuPCB kuti ive mudziyo unogara uripo.
1. Isa zvikamu paPCB zvichienderana nedunhu rawagadzira pabhodhi rechingwa.
2. Solder chikamu chimwe nechimwe nokungwarira kudzivirira mapfupi.
3. Iva nechokwadi chekuti chinonamira chakasimba uye hapana makumbo echikamu ari kubata.
5. Kuedza uye Kugadzirisa
Isa mabhatiri wovhura mini radio yako. Teerera ruzha kuburikidza nemahedhifoni kana masipika, uye gadzirisa zvinotevera:
1. Antena: Iva nechokwadi chekuti antena yakabatana zvakanaka. Nzira iri nyore yekuvandudza kugamuchira ndeyekuwedzera kureba kweantena.
2. Koira: Kana chiratidzo chakagamuchirwa chisina kujeka kana kuti chisipo, edza kuwedzera kana kuderedza huwandu hwematenderedzwa pakoira. Izvi zvinochinja frequency ye resonant.
3. Transistor: Tarisa kana transistor iri kushanda nemazvo nekuiyedza uchishandisa multimeter kana kuitsiva neimwe transistor.
6. Kuisa Zvikamu muBhokisi
Kana zvese zvangoshanda, inguva yekuisa zvinhu zvacho mubhokisi kuti zviratidzike zvakanaka uye kudzivirira zvinhu zvacho kubva mukukuvadzwa.
1. Tsvaga bhokisi rakakura zvakakwana kuti rikwanise kutakura zvinhu zvese.
2. Boora maburi e headphone jack, potentiometer yekudzora vhoriyamu, uye antenna.
3. Isa PCB mukati mebhokisi woisunga panzvimbo yayo uchishandisa zvinotsigira kana guruu.
4. Isa panel yekumberi ine control yevhoriyamu uye jack yemahedhifoni.
7. Zvimwe Zvimwe (Zvingasarudzwa)
Unogona kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu kuti redhiyo diki ishande zvakanaka:
1. Sarudza Frequency: Nekuwedzera dual potentiometer kana variable capacitor, unogona kusarudza frequency yaunoda kutora.
2. Chinosimudzira Ruzha: Kana vhoriyamu yakaderera zvakanyanya, unogona kuwedzera dunhu rekuwedzera ruzha neIC yakaita seLM386 kuitira kuti ruzha ruve rwakanyanya kujeka.
Mhedziso
Kuvaka redhiyo diki kunogona kuva basa rakaoma asi rine mubayiro mukuru kune vese vanotanga uye vanofarira zvemagetsi vane ruzivo. Maitiro aya anoda kunzwisisa zvinhu zvemagetsi nematunhu, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekushandisa pakunamira nekubatanidza.
Nekutevera matanho aya, uchakwanisa kugadzira mini redhiyo inoshanda uye pamwe kuwana rumwe ruzivo rwekuti maredhiyo anogamuchira anoshanda sei. Rombo rakanaka, uye unakirwe nekugadzira kwako mini redhiyo kwakasiyana!
