Chikonzero nei Hypoxia iri Ngozi Kuvanhu
ziviso
Hypoxia, izwi rinobva muchiGiriki rinoreva kuti "pasi" uye "oxygen", rinotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu apo pane kushomeka kweokisijeni munyama dzemuviri. Inogona kuitika nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, kubva kuzvirwere kusvika kunzvimbo dzakakwirira. Muviri wemunhu unovimba zvakanyanya nemazinga eokisijeni akakwana pakuita kwemasero, kugadzirwa kwesimba, uye kushanda kwese. Kana huwandu hweokisijeni hukadzikira pasi pezvinodiwa, kukuvara kwakanyanya uye dzimwe nguva kusingadzoreki kunogona kuitika. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa mativi akasiyana ehypoxia, zvikonzero zvayo, mhedzisiro, uye nei iri njodzi kuvanhu.
Kunzwisisa Hypoxia
Hypoxia inopatsanurwa mumhando dzakasiyana zvichienderana nekwakabva uye mhedzisiro yayo:
1. Hypoxic Hypoxia: Izvi zvinoitika kana pasina oxygen yakakwana munharaunda, senge panzvimbo dzakakwirira apo mhepo inenge yakatetepa.
2. Kushaya simba remuviri: Kunoitika kana ropa riine okisijeni yakakwana, asi hemoglobin isina kukwana kuti ikwanise kuritakura. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekushaya ropa kana chepfu yecarbon monoxide.
3. Kushaya Porofiti Yakawanda: Kunokonzerwa nekudzikira kweropa, sezvinoonekwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekushaya simba kwemoyo kana kuvhunduka.
4. Hypoxia yeHistotoxic: Kana masero emuviri asingakwanise kushandisa okisijeni zvinobudirira nekuda kwechepfu, dzakadai se cyanide poisoning.
Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwekushaya hope runogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana mumuviri uye rune njodzi pacharwo.
Nei Hypoxia Iine Ngozi
1. Kukuvara Kwemasero
Okisijeni inokosha pakufema kwemasero, nzira iyo masero anogadzira simba muchimiro cheATP (adenosine triphosphate). Pasina okisijeni yakakwana, masero anofanira kuvimba ne anaerobic metabolism, iyo isingangoshandi zvakanaka chete asiwo inogadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvakaita se lactic acid. Kushaikwa kweokisijeni kwenguva refu kunogona kutungamira kurufu rwemasero, kunyanya muuropi, uko ma neuron anonzwa zvakanyanya kushaikwa kweokisijeni. Kukuvara kwakadaro kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwetsinga dzeropa kana kutofa.
2. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwenhengo dzemuviri
Uropi, mwoyo, nedzimwe nhengo dzinokosha dzinovimba nekuwaniswa kweokisijeni nguva dzose kuti dzishande zvakanaka. Kana paine hypoxia, nhengo idzi dzinogona kutadza kushanda zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, uropi hunogona kutanga kukuvara mukati memaminitsi mashoma ekushaikwa kweokisijeni, zvichikonzera kutadza kuziva, pfari, kana kufa kweuropi. Mwoyo, kune rumwe rutivi, unogona kuva ne arrhythmias kana kutoita myocardial infarction (kurwiswa kwemoyo), izvo zvinowanzouraya kana zvikasarapwa zvakanaka.
3. Kusagona Kutonga Nesimba uye Kushanda Kwemuviri
Kunyangwe kushaya hope kwakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro epfungwa. Zviratidzo zvakaita sekuvhiringidzika, dzungu, uye kusagona kufunga zvakanaka zvinowanzo tungamira kumamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi, kunyanya kana munhu wacho achiita mabasa anoda kutarisirwa kwakazara uye nemazvo, akadai sekutyaira kana kushandisa michina inorema. Pakukwirira, zvinogona kutungamira kukusashanda zvakanaka kwemuviri, zvichiwedzera njodzi yetsaona.
4. Kushanda Kwemuviri Usina Kugadzikana
Kushaya simba remuviri rinogara kwenguva refu kunogona kushaisa simba rekudzivirira muviri, zvichiita kuti muviri uve panjodzi yekubatwa nezvirwere. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti okisijeni chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemarudzi eoxygen anoshandiswa nemuviri kuuraya utachiona. Pasina okisijeni yakakwana, kugona kwemuviri kurwisa hutachiona kunokanganiswa, zvichikonzera kurwara kwenguva refu uye kwakanyanya.
5. Mhedzisiro Yehutano Yenguva Refu
Kushaya hope kwenguva refu, kunowanzoonekwa muzvirwere zvakaita seCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) kana sleep apnea, kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinosanganisira pulmonary BP (high blood pressure mumapapu), right-side heart failure, uye kudzikira kwehupenyu. Zvinogonawo kukonzera kudzikira kwepfungwa, nezvidzidzo zvichiratidza hukama huripo pakati pekushaya hope kwenguva refu nemamiriro akaita sedementia.
6. Njodzi Yakawedzerwa Munguva Yekurovedza Muviri
Kune vatambi nevanokwira makomo, njodzi yekushayiwa okisijeni yakakwira. Kushanda nesimba kunowedzera kudiwa kweokisijeni, uye kana mvura ikasakwanisa kugutsa kudiwa uku, hypoxia inokurumidza kuitika. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kuzvirwere zvakaita seacute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), uye high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE), zvese izvi zvinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi kana zvikasagadziriswa nekukasika.
Kudzivirira uye Kutungamirira
1. Kupindira Kwekurapa
Kana munhu apererwa neropa zvakanyanya, mishonga yakaita sekuwedzera okisijeni, mishonga yekuvandudza mashandiro emwoyo, kana kurapwa kwezvirwere (semuenzaniso, kuwedzerwa ropa reanemia) zvakakosha. Mumamiriro ezvinhu enjodzi, kupa okisijeni nekukurumidza kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.
2. Kuchinja kweMararamiro
Kune avo vane zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinoita kuti vasanyanya kurwara, shanduko dzemararamiro dzakadai sekurega kusvuta, kuchengetedza kudya kwakanaka, uye kuita maekisesaizi emuviri nguva dzose dzinofanira kukurudzirwa. Matanho aya anogona kuvandudza mashandiro emapapu nemoyo, nokudaro zvichiwedzera oxygen.
3. Kujairana neKukwira
Kune vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzakakwirira, kujairana zvishoma nezvishoma kunogona kubatsira muviri kuti ugadzirire mwero weokisijeni wakaderera. Izvi zvinosanganisira kupedza mazuva akati wandei munzvimbo dziri pakati nepakati, zvichibvumira muviri kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa akawanda uye kuchinja maitiro ekufema kuti uwedzere kutorwa kweokisijeni.
4. Zvishandiso zveKutarisa
Michina yekuongorora okisijeni inotakurika pamwe nezvimwe zvishandiso zvekutarisa zvinogona kubatsira vanhu nevanopa hutano kuona huwandu hweokisijeni uye kupindira nekukurumidza kana paine hypoxia. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira varwere vane matambudziko ekufema kwenguva refu kana emwoyo.
mhedziso
Hypoxia, kana ikasagadziriswa, inokonzera njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu nekukanganisa mashandiro emasero, kukanganisa nhengo dzinokosha, uye zvichikonzera matambudziko mazhinji kwenguva pfupi uye kwenguva refu. Kunzwisisa mhando dzayo, zvikonzero, uye mhedzisiro yayo kwakakosha pakudzivirira, kuongororwa nekukurumidza, uye kurapwa zvinobudirira. Nekutora matanho ekudzivirira, kungave kuburikidza nekupindira kwechiremba, kugadzirisa mararamiro, kana kujairana nemazvo, njodzi dzinobatanidzwa nehypoxia dzinogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti hutano huve nani uye hupenyu huve nani.
