Musiyano Pakati peDiastole neSystole: Kunzwisisa Basa reMwoyo
Mwoyo wemunhu, chishamiso chinoshamisa cheinjiniya yezvebhayoloji, unoshanda nemazvo pakupomba ropa mumuviri wese. Pakati peizvi pane matanho maviri anozivikanwa sediastole nesystole. Aya mazwi, anowanzo taurwa mune zvehutano, anotsanangura mabasa akakosha mukutenderera kwemoyo, rimwe nerimwe richibatsira zvakanyanya pakushanda kwemoyo. Kunzwisisa musiyano uripo pakati pediastole nesystole hakungokoshi chete kune vanachiremba asiwo kunogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha kune chero ani zvake anofarira mashandiro emoyo wake.
Kutenderera Kwemwoyo
Usati wanyatsoongorora kuoma kwe diastole ne systole, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise chimiro chemoyo wese. Kutenderera kwemoyo kunosanganisira zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoitika kubva pakurova kwemoyo kumwe kuenda kune kumwe. Kutenderera uku kunosanganisira mabasa emagetsi neanoshanda panguva imwe chete anoita kuti ropa rifambe zvakanaka.
Mwoyo une makamuri mana: maviri eatria (makamuri ekumusoro) uye maviri eventricles (makamuri epasi). Ropa rinoyerera richipinda muatria richibva mumuviri nemumapapu uye robva raburitswa kubva mumaventricles kuenda kumapapu nemuviri wese. Kutenderera kwemoyo kunosanganisira nguva dzekuzorora nekudzikira, zvinodzorwa nemagetsi anogadzirwa mu sinoatrial (SA) node, inowanzonzi natural pacemaker.
Diastole: Chikamu Chekuzorora
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Diastole chikamu chekufamba kwemoyo umo tsandanyama dzemwoyo dzinozorora, zvichiita kuti makamuri azare neropa. Kunyanya, chikamu ichi chinotarisa pakuzorora kwemaventricle, kunyangwe atrial diastole ichiitika panguva imwe chete. Munguva yediastole, kumanikidzwa kwemoyo kunoderera kusvika padanho rakaderera, izvo zvinobatsira mukuzadza pasina kumanikidzwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kubva mutsinga kuenda kumoyo.
Matanho eDiastole
1. Kurerukirwa kweIsovolumetric: Mushure mekudzika kwe ventricular (systole), nguva pfupi inoitika apo ventricles inotanga kuzorora asi mavharuvhu ese (mitral, tricuspid, aortic, uye pulmonary) anovharwa. Izvi zvinotungamira kudzikira kwekumanikidzwa kwe ventricular pasina shanduko muhuwandu.
2. Kukurumidza Kuzadza: Kana kumanikidzwa kweventricular kwaderera pasi pekumanikidzwa kweatrial, mavharuvhu emitral netricuspid anovhurika, zvichiita kuti ropa rifambe nekukurumidza richipinda muventricles kubva muatria.
3. Diastasis: Iyi inguva inononoka yekuzadza ropa apo ropa rinoyerera risingapindi sezvo kumanikidzwa kwacho kuchienzana pakati peatria nemaventricles.
4. Kudzikira kweAtrial: Pakupera kwediastole, atria inodzikira kuti isundire chero ropa rasara muventricles, zvichiita kuti ropa rizare zvakanyanya.
Kukosha kweDiastole
Diastole yakakosha nekuti inobvumira mwoyo kuzadza ropa zvakakwana, zvichiita kuti ropa riwanikwe rakakwana kuti ropa rirambe richidzika panguva yesystole. Kukanganisika kwebasa re diastolic, kwakadai sekuoma kwemadziro emwoyo (sezvinoonekwa mu diastolic heart failure), kunogona kukonzera kusakwana kwekuzadza uye kudzikira kweropa rinobuda mumoyo, zvichikanganisa kutenderera kweropa mumuviri wese.
Systole: Chikamu cheKubata
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Systole inoreva chikamu chekutenderera kwemoyo apo tsandanyama dzemwoyo dzinobatana, kunyanya dzichitarisa pakudzikira kweropa. Munguva yesystole, moyo unoburitsa ropa muropa rinotenderera mumuviri (kuburikidza neaorta) uye muropa rinotenderera mumapapu (kuburikidza netsinga dzemapapu). Kumanikidzwa kwesystolic ipfungwa yepamusoro-soro mutsinga panguva iyi.
Matanho eSystole
1. Kudzikira kweIsovolumetric: Danho iri rinotevera kudzikira kweatrial. Maventricle anotanga kudzikira mavharuvhu ese akavharwa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera nekukurumidza kwe ventricular pressure pasina shanduko muhuwandu hweropa.
2. Chikamu Chekubuda Muropa: Kana kumanikidzwa kweropa muropa kwapfuura kumanikidzwa kweropa mutsinga dzeropa nedzemapapu, mavharuvhu eropa nedzemapapu anovhurika. Ropa rinozoburitswa nesimba mutsinga idzi huru.
Kukosha kweSystole
Basa guru re systole nderekupa ropa rine oxygen nezvinovaka muviri kumatishu nenhengo. Kushanda zvakanaka kwe systolic kwakakosha pakuchengetedza BP uye kuona kuti nhengo dzinowana oxygen nezvinovaka muviri zvakakwana. Mamiriro akaita se systolic heart failure anoderedza kugona kwemoyo kupomba ropa zvinobudirira, zvichikonzera kudzikira kweropa uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwenhengo.
Kuenzanisa Diastole neSystole
Hunhu hweChiito
– Diastole: Danho iri rinoratidzwa nekuzorodzwa uye kuzadza makamuri emwoyo. Inzira isingashande inotungamirwa nekumanikidzwa kwemuviri.
– Systole: Kusiyana neizvi, systole inosanganisira kudzikira kweropa uye kuburitswa kweropa kubva mumakamuri emwoyo.
Kuchinja Kwekumanikidza
– Diastole: Munguva yediastole, kumanikidzwa mukati memoyo kunosvika padanho rakaderera.
– Systole: Kumanikidzwa kwesystolic kunomiririra kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kunowanikwa mutsinga dzeropa kana ventricles dzacho dzichigumira.
chinguva
– Diastole: Diastole inowanzogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura systole, zvichiita kuti makamuri emoyo azare zvakakwana.
– Systole: Systole ipfupi nekuti inosanganisira kukurumidza kusungwa uye kubuda kwemukati memakamuri emwoyo.
Matanho Mukati meKutenderera Kwega Kwega
– Zvese zviri zviviri diastole nesystole zvine zvikamu zvine zviitiko zvakasiyana (semuenzaniso, isovolumetric contraction uye relaxation phases), zvichiratidza maitiro akasiyana emakanika uye mashandiro.
Clinical Implications
Kunzwisisa diastole nesystole kwakakosha zvikuru muchipatara. Kuverengwa kweBP kunosanganisira systolic nediastolic pressure, zvinowanzo miririrwa sechiyero (semuenzaniso, 120/80 mm Hg). Kusarongeka kwezviratidzo izvi kunogona kuratidza matambudziko emwoyo akadai seBP (high blood pressure) kana hypotension (low blood pressure).
Uyezve, kutadza kwemoyo kunogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nechikamu chipi chemoyo chakakanganisika:
– Kukundikana kwemoyo weSystolic: Kunoratidzwa nekuderera kwechikamu chekubuda kweropa nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwekudzikira kwetsinga dzeropa.
– Kukundikana kwemoyo kweDiastolic: Kunoratidzwa nekuchengetedzwa kwechikamu chekubuda kweropa asi ventricle isina kugadzikana uye kuzorora.
Echocardiography, electrocardiography (ECG), nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakuongorora chirwere zvinoshandiswa kuongorora mashandiro e diastole ne systole, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha pakuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvemwoyo.
mhedziso
Diastole nesystole zvinhu zvakakosha pakufamba kwemoyo, chimwe nechimwe chichiita basa rakasiyana mukuona kuti kutenderera kweropa kunoshanda. Diastole inobvumira moyo kuzorora uye kuzadza neropa, nepo systole ichisanganisira kudhonzwa kweropa mumuviri nemapapu. Kunzwisisa kwakazara kwezvikamu izvi kunopa ruzivo rwakadzama nezve mashandiro emoyo uye kwakakosha pakuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvemwoyo. Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekurapa hwepamusoro uye kutsvagurudza kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, kunzwisisa kwedu diastole nesystole kucharamba kuchichinja, zvichigadzira nzira yekuvandudza hutano hwemwoyo uye mhedzisiro yemurwere.
