Basa rinoitwa mumaitiro ethermodynamic - matambudziko nemhinduro

Basa rinoitwa mumaitiro ethermodynamic - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Ku gasi rakanaka inodzvanywa kubva panhamba 1 kuenda panhamba 2 sezvakaratidzwa pagirafu iri pazasi. Sarudza kuti basa zvinoitwa negasi.

mhinduro

1 litre = 0.001 m3

Zvinozivikanwa:Basa rakaitwa mumaitiro ethermodynamic - matambudziko nemhinduro 1

Pressure 1 (P)1) = 10 kPa = 10,000 Pa = 10,000 N/m2

Kumanikidzwa 2 (P)2) = 20 kPa = 20,000 Pa = 20,000 N/m2

Vhoriyamu 1 (V)1) = marita mana = 4 (0.001 m3) = 0.004 m3

Vhoriyamu 2 (V)2) = marita mana = 10 (0.001 m3) = 0.010 m3

Zvaidiwa: Basa rinoitwa negasi (W)

Solution:

W = P (V)2 - V1) + 1/2 (P2 - P1)(V)2 - V1)

W = 10,000 (0.010-0.004) + 1/2 (20,000-10,000) (0.010-0.004)

W = 10,000 (0.006) + 1/2 (10,000) (0.006)

W = 10 (6) + 1/2 (10) (6)

W = 60 + 1/2 (60)

W = 60 + 30

W = 90 Joule

2. Sarudza basa rinoitwa negasi riri mukuita abcda, sezvakaratidzwa mugirafu riri pazasi.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kumanikidzwa 1 (P)1) = 1 x 105 Pa = 1 x 105 N / m2Basa rakaitwa mumaitiro ethermodynamic - matambudziko nemhinduro 2

Kumanikidzwa 2 (P)2) = 3 x 105 Pa = 3 x 105 N / m2

Vhoriyamu 1 (V)1) = 2 m3

Vhoriyamu 2 (V)2) = 4 m3

Zvaidiwa: Basa (W)

Solution:

Basa rinoitwa negasi = nzvimbo ye abcd ine rectangular.

W = (P)2 - P1)(V)2 - V1)

W = (3 x 10)5 - 1 x 105)(4 – 2)

W = (2 x 10)5)(2)

W = 4 x 105 Joule

W = 400,000 Joule

W = 400 kJ

3. Sarudza basa rinoitwa negasi riri mukuita ABCA.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kumanikidzwa 1 (P)1) = 1 N/m2Basa rakaitwa mumaitiro ethermodynamic - matambudziko nemhinduro 3

Kumanikidzwa 2 (P)2) = 7 N/m2

Vhoriyamu 1 (V)1) = 1 m3

Vhoriyamu 2 (V)2) = 5 m3

Zvaidiwa: Basa (W)

Solution:

Basa rinoitwa negasi = nzvimbo yetriangle ABC

onawo  Gadzirisa kumhanya kwekutanga muzvikamu zvakatwasuka uye zvakatwasuka zvekufamba kweprojectile

W = ½ (P)2 - P1)(V)2 - V1)

W = ½ (7-1)(5-1)

W = ½ (6)(4)

W = ½ (24)

W = 12 Joule

  1. Chii chinonzi basa mu thermodynamics?
    • Pindura: Mu thermodynamics, basa rinotsanangurwa sekuendeswa kwesimba kuenda kana kubva kuhurongwa husingakonzerwi nekusiyana kwekushisa pakati pehurongwa nenzvimbo dzakakomberedza.
  2. Basa rinoenderana sei nedhayagiramu ye pressure-volume (PV) ye thermodynamic process?
    • Pindura: Mudhayagiramu yePV, basa rinoitwa ne kana pa system panguva ye process rinomiririrwa nenzvimbo iri pasi pe curve ye process. Pa processes dzine magasi, basa rinowanzo pihwa ne integral ye P dV, apo P iri pressure uye dV iri differential change mu volume.
  3. Ndeipi basa rinoitwa panguva yekushomeka kweropa?
    • Pindura: Maitiro e-isochoric anoitika pahuwandu husingachinji. Sezvo pasina shanduko yehuwandu, basa rinoitwa panguva yemaitiro e-isochoric izero.
  4. Basa rinoitwa mukuwedzera kwe isobaric (constant pressure) rinosiyana sei neremukuwedzera kwe isothermal (constant temperature) kwegasi rakakodzera?
    • Pindura: Mukuwedzera kwe isobaric, basa rinoverengerwa se , apo P iri kumanikidzwa kunogara kuripo uye ndiko kuchinja kwevhoriyamu. Kuti pave nekuwedzera kwegasi rakakodzera risingapfuure kupisa, basa rinogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa equation , apo n iri nhamba yemamoles, R ndiyo gasi risingaperi rinowanikwa pasi rose, uye uye ndiwo mavhoriyamu ekupedzisira neekutanga, zvichiteerana.
  5. Chii chinorehwa nemutemo wekutanga wethermodynamics maererano nebasa nesimba?
    • Pindura: Mutemo wekutanga wethermodynamics unoti shanduko musimba remukati mesisitimu yakaenzana nekupisa kunowedzerwa kusisitimu kunze kwebasa rinoitwa nesisitimu pane zvakaipoteredza. Inomiririra musimboti wekuchengetedza simba.
  6. Panyaya yekufamba kwenguva padhayagiramu yePV, nzvimbo yakavharirwa inomiririrei?
    • Pindura: Panyaya yekufamba kwenguva padhayagiramu yePV, nzvimbo yakavharirwa inomiririra basa remambure rinoitwa nehurongwa kana kuti pahurongwa panguva imwe chete.
  7. Basa rinoitwa mu adiabatic process rinosiyana sei nemaitiro e isothermal egasi rakakodzera?
    • Pindura: Mukuita kweadiabatic, hapana kuchinjana kwekupisa nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza, saka basa rinoitwa rinoguma nekuchinja kwesimba remukati megasi. Kune iyo isothermal process, tembiricha inoramba yakadaro, uye chero basa rinoitwa rinoenzana nehuwandu hwakaenzana hwekutamiswa kwekupisa, saka hapana shanduko musimba remukati.
  8. Sei basa rinoitwa mukuita kusingadzoreki richigona kusiyana nekuita kudzoserwa kunyangwe mamiriro ekutanga neekupedzisira akafanana?
    • Pindura: Munzira inodzoserwa, mamiriro ese ari pakati pemamiriro ekutanga neekupedzisira anenge ari muchiyero. Munzira isingadzoserwe, izvi hazvisizvo. Nzira dzakatorwa padhayagiramu yePV, uye nokudaro basa rakaitwa, dzinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya pakati pemhando mbiri dzemaitiro, kunyangwe dzichitanga uye dzichiguma panzvimbo imwe chete.
  9. Kuvapo kwemaitiro asina kunaka (chaiwo) egasi kunokanganisa sei kuverenga kwebasa mumaitiro ethermodynamic?
    • Pindura: Kune magasi chaiwo, kutsauka kubva pamaitiro akanaka kunogona kukonzera kusiyana kwekuverenga kwebasa, kunyanya pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kana tembiricha yakaderera. Equation yeVan der Waals kana mamwe mamodheru egasi chaiwo angangoda kushandiswa kutsanangura kutsauka uku.
  10. Zvinorevei kana basa rinoitwa pasystem risingashande zvakanaka?
  • Pindura: Kana basa rinoitwa pasystem riri rekuti harisi rechokwadi, zvinoreva kuti system iri kushanda panzvimbo yakaripoteredza. Izvi zvinowanzoenderana nekuwedzera kwegasi richipesana nekumanikidzwa kwekunze.
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