Kuwanda kweruzha - matambudziko nemhinduro

Kuwanda kweruzha - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Mapoinzi A naB ari pamamita mana nemamita mapfumbamwe kubva panobva ruzha. Kana ndi_A uye ini_B simba riri paA neB, ipapo ini_A : Ini_B =…

Zvinozivikanwa:

The mufambo yepoindi A kubva kunobva ruzha (r)_A) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kureba kwenzvimbo B kubva panobva ruzha (r)_B) = mamita makumi matanhatu

The kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo A = I_A

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo B = I_B

Kuda: I_A : Ini_B

Solution:

I_A r_A² = Ini_B r_B²

I_A 4² = Ini_B 9²

I_A 16 = ini_B 81

I_A / Ini_B = 81 / 16

2. Simba rechinhu chinobva ruzha i10^-9 Wm^-2. ini_o = 10^-12 Wm^-2. Ruzha rwemanyuko gumi eruzha rwuri papi?

Solution:

Zvinozivikanwa:

Ini = 10^-9 W / m²

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

x = 10

Anozivikanwa: Ruzha rweruzha (β)

Solution:

3. Ruzha rwechinhu chinobuda ruzha i10 dB. Ruzha rwezvinhu 1000 zvinobuda ruzha chii? Ruzha rushoma I_o = 10^-12 Wm^-2.

Zvinozivikanwa:

β = 10 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

x = 1000

Wanted : Kusimba

Solution:

Kusimba kwechinhu chinobva ruzha:

Simba remanyuko eruzha anosvika chiuru:

Ini = (1000)(10^-11) = (10³)(10^-11)

Ini = 10^-8 W / m²

4. Ruzha rweA i40 dB, uye ruzha rweB i60 dB. I_o = 10^-12 W m^-2. Tsvaga 100β_A : 10β_B.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Ruzha rweA = 40 dB

Ruzha rweB = 60 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W m^-2.

Wanted : 100β_A : 10β_B

Solution:

Ruzha rwenzwi rwe100 A:

β = 40 + 10 log 100

β = 40 + 10 log 10²

β = 40 + (2)(10)(log 10)

β = 40 + (2)(10)(1)

β = 40 + 20

β = 60 dB

Ruzha rwenzwi rwe10 B:

β = 60 + 10 log 10

β = 60 + 10 log 10¹

β = 60 + (1)(10)(log 10)

β = 60 + (1)(10)(1)

β = 60 + 10

β = 70 dB

β_A : β_B

60: 70

6: 7

5. Kana poindi P iriyo tsime reruzha, saka chiyero chekusimba kweruzha pamapoindi S, R, naQ ndeche …

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwenzvimbo Q kubva panobva ruzha (r)_Q) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kureba kwenzvimbo R kubva panobva ruzha (r)_R) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kureba kwenzvimbo S kubva panobva ruzha (r)_S) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kusimba kweruzha padanho reQ = Ini_Q

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo R = I_R

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo S = I_S

Kuda: Kuenzanisa kwesimba reruzha papoindi S, R, uye Q (I)_S: Ini_R: Ini_Q)

Solution:

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo S:

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo R:

Kusimba kweruzha padanho reQ :

Kuenzanisa kwesimba reruzha papoindi S, R, uye Q:

6. Poindi A ndiP kubva panobva ruzha, poindi B ndi2P kubva panobva ruzha uye poindi C ndi4P kubva panobva ruzha. Kuenzanisa kwesimba reruzha at A, B, naC zviri…

Zvinozivikanwa:

Dnzvimbo yekudzivirira A kubva panobva ruzha (r_A) = P

Nzvimbo iri kure B kubva kunobva ruzha (r_B) = 2P

Nzvimbo iri kure C kubva kunobva ruzha (r_C) = 4P

Skusimba kweruzha panzvimbo A = Ini_A

Kusimba kweruzha panguva B = Ini_B

Kusimba kweruzha panguva C = Ini_C

Kuda: Kuenzanisa kwesimba reruzha at A, B, uye C (I_A : Ini_B : Ini_C)

Solution:

Kusimba kweruzha panzvimbo A:

Kusimba kweruzha panguva B:

Kusimba kweruzha panguvat C:

Kuenzanisa kwesimba reruzha at A, B, uye VS:

7. Vanhu vanosvika zana vaiimba. Kana huwandu hwekurira kwemudzidzi mumwe chete pakuimba huri 40 dB (tichifunga kuti pamwana mumwe nemumwe hwakafanana), saka kukura kwekurira kunobva kwacho kuri … (I_o = 10^-12 Wm^-2)

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba remudzidzi mumwe chete (TI) = 40 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

Thuwandu hwevadzidzi (x) = zana

Kuda: Ruzha rwevadzidzi zana

Solution:

Kusimba kweruzha rwemudzidzi:

Ruzha rwevadzidzi zana:

I_x = (x)(I)

I_x = (100)(10^-8) = (10²)(10^-8)

I_x = 10^-6 W / m²

8. Kusimba kweruzha rwemichina 100 yakafanana ndiko 10^-7 Watt.m^-2Kana ini_o = 10^-12 Watt.m^-2, ipapo Huremu hwekurira kwemuchina hwakafanana ne…

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kusimba kweruzha rwemichina 100 (I)_x= = 10^-7 Watt.m^-2

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

Huwandu hwemichina (x) = 100 = 10²

Wyakasimbiswa: Kusimba kweruzha rwemuchina (TI)

Solution:

Kusimba kweruzha rwemuchina:

I_x = (x)(I)

10^-7 = (10²)(I)

Ini = 10^-7 / 10² = (10^-7)(10^-2= = 10^-9

Kusimba kweruzha rwemuchina (IT):

9. Iyo skusimba kweruzha rwe kunobva ruzha ndekwekuti 6 X 10^-6 W / masendimita²Kana ruzha umbirimi Kana mwero wakawedzera ne10 db, unosarudza kusimba kweruzha.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kusimba (I) = 6 x 10^-6 W / masendimita²

I_o = 10^-12 W / m² = 10^-12 W/10⁴ cm² = 10^-16 W / masendimita²

Zvaidiwa: Tkusimba kweruzha

Solution:

Kuwedzerwa kwe ari kusimba kweruzha rwe10 W/m² = 10^-3 W / masendimita² zvakaenzana nekuwedzera kwe ari Kuwedzerwa kwesimba reruzha rwe10 dB.² W / m² = 10^-2 W / masendimita² zvakaenzana nekuwedzera kwesimba reruzha rwe20 dB. Zvichingodaro.

Kana huwandu hwesimba hukawedzera ne10 dB, simba rinowedzera ne10^-3 W / masendimita²Saka kusimba kunovas 6 X 10^-6 W / masendimita²) + (10^-4 W / masendimita²) = (6 x 10^-6 W / masendimita²) + (100 x 10^-6 W / masendimita²) = 106 x 10^-6 W / masendimita².

10. Mucherechedzi A ari kure nemamita mashanu kubva panobva ruzha. Kunyange zvazvo mucherechedzi B ari kure nemamita gumi kubva panobva ruzha rumwe chete. Saka chiyero chekusimba kweruzha chinonzwiwa nevacherechedzi B naA ndeche…

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kweA kubva kunobva ruzha (r)_A) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kureba kweB kubva kunobva ruzha (r)_B) = mamita makumi matanhatu

Kuda: Tchiyero chekusimba kweruzha chinonzwiwa nevacherechedzi B naA

Solution:

I_B : Ini_A = 1 : 4

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

1. Chii chinonzi simba reruzha uye rakasiyana sei neruzha?
   • mhinduro: Kusimba kweruzha chiyero chesimba reruzha pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, chinowanzo kuyerwa muma watts pa square meter (W/m²). Ruzha, kune rumwe rutivi, ipfungwa yekunzwisisa simba reruzha, rinowanzo kuyerwa muma decibel (dB). Kunyange zvazvo kusimba kuri chiyero chemuviri, ruzha chiitiko chemunhu chinogona kusiyana pakati pevanhu.
2. Mutemo we "inverse square law" une chekuita sei nekusimba kweruzha?
   • mhinduro: Mutemo we inverse square unoti simba reruzha rinoderera ne square yedaro kubva panobva ruzha. Izvi zvinoreva kuti paunofamba kure nekwakabva ruzha, simba racho rinoderera nekukurumidza.
3. Sei manzwi maviri ane simba rakafanana asingawanzova neruzha rwakafanana?
   • mhinduro: Nzeve yemunhu ine manzwiro akasiyana pamafrequencies akasiyana. Saka, kunyangwe kana manzwi maviri aine simba rakafanana asi mafrequencies akasiyana, anogona kuonekwa seane mazinga akasiyana eruzha.
4. Kusimba kweruzha kunoenderana sei nehukuru hwemafungu eruzha?
   • mhinduro: Kusimba kweruzha kunoenderana zvakananga nehukuru hwemafungu eruzha. Kana hukuru hwemafungu eruzha hukapetwa kaviri, simba racho richawedzera nechikamu chimwe chete kana kupfuura.
5. Sei kuzevezerana mukamuri rakanyarara kungave kunonzwika zvakajeka, asi kuzevezerana kumwe chete kuri pedyo nemapopoma anorira kusinganzwike?
   • mhinduro: Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusiyana kwemazinga eruzha rwekumashure. Mukamuri rakanyarara, huwandu hweruzha rwekumashure hwakaderera, zvichiita kuti zevezeve rionekwe pachena. Padivi pemapopoma, ruzha rwakanyanya runovhara zevezeve rakanyarara, zvichiita kuti risanzwike.
6. Chii chinonzi chiyero chekunzwa uye chiyero chekurwadziwa kana tichitarisa kusimba kweruzha?
   • mhinduro: Ruzha rwakadzikama runogona kunzwikwa nenzeve yemunhu, kazhinji pahukuru hweanenge 10^-12 W / m². Muganho wekurwadziwa, unomiririra mwero weruzha unogona kukonzera kurwadziwa uye kukuvara kwenzeve, wava pedyo 1 W / m².
7. Sei ruzha ruchiita serwakanyarara kana rwuchinzwikwa nepamadziro kana chimwe chinhu chinovhara ruzha?
   • mhinduro: Kana mafungu eruzha akasangana nechipingamupinyi, rimwe simba rinoonekwa, rinotorwa, uye rinotumirwa. Kutorwa uye kuratidzwa kunoderedza simba reruzha runotumirwa kuburikidza nechipingamupinyi, zvichiita kuti rwunzwike rwakanyarara.
8. Mafambiro anoita sei kusimba kweruzha runotorwa nezvinhu?
   • mhinduro: Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine ma coefficients akasiyana ekunyudzwa kwema frequency akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, ma frequency akaderera (bass sounds) akaoma kunyudzwa uye anogona kupinda nemadziro zviri nyore kupfuura ma frequency akakwira.
9. Sei nzvimbo dzemakonzati nemabhaisikopo dzichiisa mari mukuchengetedza ruzha uye kurapwa kwemanzwi?
   • mhinduro: Kudzivirira ruzha kunobatsira kudzivirira ruzha rwekunze rusingadiwe uye kudzivirira ruzha kuti rusabude kunze, zvichiita kuti ruzha rwaunoda chete rwunzwike munzvimbo yacho. Kurapa kweruzha kunobatsira kudzora kuratidzwa kweruzha munzvimbo yacho kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ruzha rwunopararira zvakaenzana uye rwakajeka.
10. Kusimba kweruzha kunoenderana sei nekukuvara kwekunzwa?

• mhinduro: Kugara kwenguva refu uchinzwa ruzha rwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kana kurasikirwa nekunzwa. Kukura uye nguva yekunzwa zvese zvinoita basa guru; kunyangwe kugara kwenguva pfupi uchinzwa ruzha rwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kusingaperi, nepo kugara kwenguva refu uchinzwa ruzha rwakanyanya kunogonawo kukuvadza.