Simba remagetsi rinochengetwa muma capacitors

Chinyorwa pamusoro peSimba reMagetsi rinochengetwa muma capacitors

Capacitor inoumbwa nemaplate maviri econductor uye, pakati pemaconductor maviri, pane dielectric. Pakutanga, maconductor maviri haana simba remagetsi. Kuti capacitor ishande, ndiro yega yega kana pepa reconductor rinofanira kunge rakachajwa nemagetsi, uko huwandu hwechaji yemagetsi muconductor yega yega hwakaenzana asi hwakasiyana mumhando. Ngatitii imwe yemaconductors akachajwa iri Q = +10 Coulomb , imwe conductor iri Q = -10 Coulomb. Kuvapo kwemhando imwe chete yakakura asi yakapesana yechaji yemagetsi mumaconductor ese maviri kunogadzira munda wemagetsi pakati pemaplate maviri econductor, uko kutungamira kwemunda wemagetsi kuri kubva pachaji yakanaka kuenda pachaji yakaipa. Pamusoro pezvo, kunewo musiyano wesimba remagetsi pakati pemaconductor maviri, uko maconductors akachajwa nemagetsi ane simba remagetsi rakawanda nepo maconductors akachajwa negative ane simba remagetsi rakaderera.

Kuti maconductor ese ari maviri agone kushajwa nemagetsi, maconductor maviri aya anobatanidzwa kune simba, senge bhatiri kana rimwe simba. Pakutanga, maconductor maviri aya haana kwaakarerekera, uko huwandu hwemaerekitironi ane negative charge nemaproton ane positive charge zvakaenzana. Zvadaro maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva kune conductor kuenda kune rimwe conductor kuitira kuti conductor inorasikirwa neerekitironi ive positive charge uye conductor inogamuchira erekitironi ive negative charge. Huwandu hwemaerekitironi anotamiswa hwakaenzana nehuwandu hwemaerekitironi anogamuchirwa kuitira kuti conductor yega yega ive ne electrical charge yakafanana. Cherechedza kuti kana capacitor yakabatana nebhatiri, bhatiri rinoita basa rekufambisa maerekitironi kubva kune imwe conductor kuenda kune imwe.

Imwe yemakondirakita yakabatana nedanda re negative uye imwe kondirakita yakabatana nedanda re positive. Kuvapo kwemusiyano wemagetsi (V) pakati pematanda maviri ebhatiri kunokonzera kufamba kwemaerekitironi (q) kubva kune imwe kondirakita kuenda kune imwe. Kufamba kwemaerekitironi kunomira mushure mekunge musiyano wemagetsi uripo pakati pemakondirakita maviri wakaenzana nemusiyano wemagetsi uripo pakati pemabhatiri. Pakutanga, kana kondirakita isina kushajwa nemagetsi, hapana basa rinodiwa kuti maerekitironi atamiswe. Mushure mekunge pave nechaji yemagetsi pakondirakita yega yega, zvinotora basa kuti maerekitironi atamiswe. Kana chaji yemagetsi iri pakondirakita yega yega, basa rekufambisa maerekitironi riripo nekuda kwesimba rekudzora riripo pakati pemaerekitironi.

Kufamba kwemaerekitironi kubva kune mumwe kondakita kuenda kune mumwe hakuitiki panguva imwe chete asi zvishoma nezvishoma zvekuti magetsi ari pakati pemakondirakita maviri anowedzerawo zvishoma nezvishoma. Saka kuti uverenge basa rose (W) panguva yekufambisa magetsi, avhareji yemagetsi (V/2) inoshandiswa. Saka, basa rinoitwa kufambisa maerekitironi iW = Q (V/2) = 1/2 Q V.

Nekuti basa rekufambisa maerekitironi rinochinja simba remagetsi rinochengetwa mu capacitor, simba remagetsi rinochengetwa mu capacitor iPE = 1/2 Q V.

Sezvo Q = CV, fomura PE = 1/2 QV inogona kushandurwa kuita PE = 1/2 QV = 1/2 (CV) (V) = 1/2 CV ² uye PE = 1/2 QV = 1/2 (Q) (Q/C) = 1/2 Q ² / C. Apo Q = kuchaja kwemagetsi, C = capacitance, V = voltage yemagetsi.

Simba remagetsi mumunda wemagetsi

Munguva yekuisa mari, kana kondakita yega yega yatanga kuchajwa nemagetsi, pakati pemaplate maviri kana masheti, panobva pabuda simba remagetsi. Saka, basa rinoitwa, pamusoro pekuita kuti kondakita ichajiswe nemagetsi, uye zvakare kuratidza simba remagetsi pakati pemaplate maviri kana masheti ekondakita. Nekuti basa rinoshanduka kune simba remagetsi rinochengetwa mu capacitor, zvinogona kutariswa kuti simba rinochengetwa mumunda wemagetsi.

Fomura inotevera inoratidza nemasvomhu hukama huripo pakati pesimba remagetsi nemunda wemagetsi.

Muchinyorwa chinotaura nezve parallel plate capacitor, fomura C = A ε _o / d yatorwa uye chinyorwa chinotaura nezve electric potential chakataura fomura V = E d. Kare, fomura iyi yatorwa kubva ku electric potential energy yakachengetwa mu capacitor, PE = 1/2 CV ².

PE = simba remagetsi, A = nzvimbo yepamusoro, d = daro, A d = vhoriyamu, E = munda wemagetsi, PE / A d = simba remagetsi payuniti yega yega vhoriyamu = kuwanda kwesimba.

Fomura iri pamusoro apa inotaura kuti simba remagetsi rinogoneka payuniti yega yega munzvimbo yemagetsi rinoenderana nechikamu chemunda wemagetsi. Kana pakati pemaplate maviri kana mapepa emuchina wekufambisa paine dielectric, ipapo εo (permittivity ye vacuum) inotsiviwa nepermittivity yezvinhu (ε). Kunyangwe iyi equation yesimba remagetsi ichitorwa uchishandisa equation ye parallel plates capacitor, iyi equation inoshandawo kune ese nzvimbo ane munda wemagetsi.