25 Simba remagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro
1. Rambi remagetsi re220 V – 5 rinoshandiswa kwemaminitsi makumi matatu. Zvinoda simba rakawanda sei?
Solution:
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Magetsi emagetsi (I) = 5 Ampere
Nguva (t) = maminetsi makumi matatu = masekondi makumi matatu x makumi matanhatu = masekondi 1800
Magetsi magetsi (P):
P = VI = (220 Volt)(5 Ampere) = 1100 Volt Ampere = 1100 Watt = 1100 Joule/sekondi
Simba remagetsi = Simba remagetsi x nguva = (1100 Joules/sekondi) (1800 masekondi)
Simba remagetsi = 1,980,000 Joules = 1,980 kiloJoules
2. Simbi yekusonesa ye 220 V – 60 W inoshandiswa kwemaminitsi mana. Inoda simba rakawanda sei.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Simba (P) = 60 Watts = 60 Joules/sekondi
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Nguva (t) = maminetsi makumi matatu = masekondi makumi matatu x makumi matanhatu = masekondi 240
Kuda: Magetsi magetsi
Solution:
220 Volt – 60 Watt zvinoreva kuti solder yemagetsi inoshanda zvakanaka kana musiyano uripo kana voltage iri 220 volts uye ine simba re60 Watt = 60 Joules/sekondi, zvichireva kuti solder yemagetsi inoshandisa simba re60 Joules pasekondi.
Simba remagetsi = simba remagetsi x nguva yepakati = (60 Joules/sekondi) (masekonzi 240) = 14,400 Joules.
3. Simba rinoshandiswa nesimbi kweminiti imwe chete i33 kJ, pavoltage ye220 volts. Kuti simba remagetsi riri musimbi rakakura sei.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Nguva (t) = miniti imwe = masekondi makumi matanhatu
Simba (W) = 33 kiloJoules = 33,000 Joules
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Zvaidiwa: Mwenje wemagetsi (I)
Solution:
Simba remagetsi isimba remagetsi rinoshandiswa panguva yakatarwa.
P = W / t = 33,000 Joules / masekondi makumi matanhatu
P = 550 Watt
Mwenje wemagetsi:
I = P / V = 550 / 220 = 2.5 Ampere
4. Mumwe munhu anoona TV kwemaawa matanhatu pazuva. TV yakabatana nevoltage ye220 Volt kuitira kuti magetsi anopinda muTV ave 0.5 Amperes. Kana kambani yemagetsi ikabhadharisa $0.092 pa kWh, saka mutengo wekushandisa simba remagetsi paTV kwemwedzi mumwe chete (mazuva makumi matatu) ndewe…
Zvinozivikanwa:
Nguva yekuzorora = maawa matanhatu x 30 = maawa zana nemakumi masere
Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
Mwenje wemagetsi (I) = 0.5 Ampere
Zvaidiwa: Mutengo pamwedzi
Solution:
Simba reTV:
P = VI = (220 Volt) (0.5 Ampere) = 110 Volt Ampere = 110 Watt
Simba remagetsi = simba remagetsi x nguva yekupedza
Simba remagetsi reTV = 110 Watt x 180 maawa = 19800 Watt maawa = 19.8 kilo Watt maawa = 19.8 kilo Watt maawa = 19.8 kWh
Mutengo wekushandisa simba remagetsi paTV kwemwedzi mumwe chete:
19.8 kWh x $0.092/kWh = $1.8216
5. Mumba mune marambi mana ane maWatts makumi maviri, marambi maviri ane maWatt gumi, marambi matatu ane maWatts makumi mana, anoshandiswa maawa mashanu pazuva. Kana muripo wekambani yemagetsi uri 0.092 pa kWh, saka mutengo wekushandisa simba remagetsi kwemwedzi mumwe (mazuva makumi matatu) ndewe….
Zvinozivikanwa:
Marambi mana Mawati makumi maviri = 4 x 20 Watts = 80 Watts
Marambi mana Mawati makumi maviri = 2 x 10 Watts = 20 Watts
Marambi mana Mawati makumi maviri = 3 x 40 Watts = 120 Watts
Simba rose (W) = 80 Watts + 20 Watts + 120 Watts = 220 Watts
Nguva (t) = maawa mashanu x 30 = maawa zana nemakumi mashanu
Zvaidiwa: Mutengo wekushandisa simba remagetsi kwemwedzi mumwe chete (mazuva makumi matatu)
Solution:
Simba remagetsi = simba remagetsi x nguva yekupedza = 220 Watt x maawa 150 = 33,000 Watt awa = 33 kilo Watt awa = 33 kilo Watt awa = 33 kWh
Mutengo wekushandisa simba remagetsi kwemwedzi mumwe chete (mazuva makumi matatu)
(33 kWh)(0.092/kWh) = $3.036
6. Dunhu rine resistance ye \(5\Omega\) uye current ye \(2A\). Tsvaga simba remagetsi.
Mhinduro: \( P = IV = 2A \times 5\Omega = 10W \)
7. Bhatiri re \(10V\) rakabatana ne resistor ye \(2\Omega\). Verenga magetsi.
Mhinduro: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{10V}{2\Omega} = 5A \)
8. Barubhu remwenje rakayerwa pa \(60W\) rinoshanda pa \(120V\) supply. Tsvaga resistance.
Mhinduro: \( R = \frac{V^2}{P} = \frac{120^2}{60} = 240\Omega \)
9. Verenga simba rinoshandiswa negirobhu re \(100W\) mumaawa \(2\).
Mhinduro: \( E = Pt = 100W \times 2h = 200Wh = 0.2kWh \)
10. Capacitor ye \(20\mu F\) inochajwa ku \(50V\). Tsvaga simba rakachengetwa.
Mhinduro: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 20 \times 10^{-6}F \times 50^2 = 25mJ \)
11. Sarudza magetsi ari mu \(10mH\) inductor kana mwero wekuchinja kwemagetsi uri \(5A/s\).
Mhinduro: \( V = L\frac{di}{dt} = 10 \times 10^{-3}H \times 5A/s = 50mV \)
12. Tsvaga kurasikirwa kwesimba mumutsetse wekutumira une resistance ye \(8\Omega\) uye current ye \(3A\).
Mhinduro: \( P = I^2R = 3^2 \kawa 8\Omega = 72W \)
13. Transformer ine voltage yekutanga ye \(120V\) uye voltage yechipiri ye \(240V\). Kana primary current iri \(2A\), tsvaga secondary current.
Mhinduro: Secondary current = \( \frac{{\text{{Primary voltage}}}}{{\text{{Secondary voltage}}}} \times \text{{Primary current}} = \frac{{120V}}{{240V}} \times 2A = 1A \)
14. Verenga reactance ye \(50Hz\), \(0.2H\) inductor.
Mhinduro: \(
15. Tsvaga huwandu hwese hwe capacitance yema capacitor matatu \(10\mu F\) akabatana mu series.
Mhinduro: \( \frac{1}{{C_{\text{{total}}}} = \frac{1}{{C_1}} + \frac{1}{{C_2}} + \frac{1}{{C_3}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{3}{10}, C_{\text{{total}}} = \frac{10}{3} \mu F \approx 3.33\mu F \)
16. Supercapacitor ye \(0.1F\) inochajwa ku \(5V\). Tsvaga simba rakachengetwa.
Mhinduro: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.1 \times 5^2 = 1.25J \)
17. Verenga simba remuchina une simba rechokwadi re \(60W\) uye simba rinoonekwa re \(75VA\).
Mhinduro: Simba chinhu = \( \frac{{\text{{Real Power}}}}{{\text{{Apparent Power}}}} = \frac{{60W}}{{75VA}} \approx 0.8 \)
18. Tsvaga resistance yakaenzana ye resistor mbiri \(4\Omega\) dzakafanana.
Mhinduro: \( \frac{1}{{R_{\text{{eq}}}} = \frac{1}{{R_1}} + \frac{1}{{R_2}} = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{2}, R_{\text{{eq}}} = 2\Omega \)
19. Sarudza impedance yedunhu rine resistance ye \(5\Omega\) uye reactance ye \(12\Omega\).
Mhinduro: \( Z = \sqrt{R^2 + X^2} = \sqrt{5^2 + 12^2} \approx 13.34\Omega \)
15. Verenga kukosha kweRMS kwevoltage ye sinusoidal ine kukosha kwepamusoro kwe \(120V\).
Mhinduro: \( V_{\text{{RMS}}} = \frac{{V_{\text{{peak}}}}}{\sqrt{2}} \approx 84.85V \)
16. Tsvaga simba rakanyangarika mu resistor ye \(5\Omega\) ine current ye \(4A\).
Mhinduro: \( P = I^2R = 4^2 \kawa 5\Omega = 80W \)
17. Verenga frequency ye \(25mH\) inductor ine reactance ye \(50\Omega\).
Mhinduro: \( f = \frac{{X_L}}{{2\pi L}} = \frac{50}{{2\pi \times 25 \times 10^{-3}}} \approx 31.83Hz \)
18. Tsvaga simba remagetsi mu resistor ye \(20\Omega\) ine simba re \(100V\).
Mhinduro: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{100V}{20\Omega} = 5A \)
19. Tsvaga huwandu hwese hwema "inductance" maviri (10mH) akabatana ari pamwe chete.
Mhinduro: \( \frac{1}{{L_{\text{{total}}}} = \frac{1}{{L_1}} + \frac{1}{{L_2}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{1}{5}, L_{\text{{total}}} = 5mH \)
20. Verenga simba rinoshandiswa nesimbi ye \(1500W\) yakashandiswa kwemaawa \(0.5\).
Mhinduro: \( E = Pt = 1500W \times 0.5h = 750Wh = 0.75kWh \)
