Maitiro ezvikamu - matambudziko nemhinduro

Maitiro ezvikamu - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Chinhu A chine huremu hwe6-kg uye chinhu B chine uremu ye4-kg yakabatana netambo uye yakadhonzwa nesimba reF = 60 N, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. kukweshana kwekinetic pakati pepasi nezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri i0.5 (tan θ = ¾). Kuwedzera nekuda kwegiravhiti iri 10 m/s²Simba rekumanikidzwa rakakura sei?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu A (m)_A) = 6 kg

Huremu hwechinhu B (m_B) = 4 kg

Simba (F) = 60 Newton

Kukwana kwekukakavadzana pakati pechinhu nepasi (μ)_k= = 0.5

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s²

Tan θ = 3/4

Zvaidiwa: Simba rekumanikidzwa (T)

Solution:

Chikamu chesimba F chakatambanuka:

F_x = F cos θ

F_x = (60)(4/5) = (4)(12) = 48 N

Chikamu chakamira chesimba F:

F_y = F chivi θ

F_y = (60)(3/5) = (3)(12) = 36 N

The simba remazuva ose pachinhu A:

N_A = w_A = m_A g = (6)(10) = 60 N

Simba rakajairika pachinhu B:

N_B +F_y - w_B = 0

N_B +F_y = w_B

N_B = w_B - F_y = m_B g – F_y = (4)(10) – 36 = 40 – 36 = 4 N

Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic pakati pechinhu A nepasi:

f_kA = μ_k N_A = (0.5)(60) = 30 N

Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic pakati pechinhu B nepasi:

f_kB = μ_k N_B = (0.5)(4) = 2 N

Verengai kukurumidza kwezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri:

ΣF = ma

F_x – T + T – f_kB - f_kA = (m_A +m_B) a

F_x - f_kB - f_kA = (m_A +m_B) a

48 – 2 – 30 = (6 + 4) a

16 = 10 a

a = 16/10

a = 1.6 m/s²

Verenga simba rekumanikidza:

Chinangwa A:

ΣF = ma

T_A - f_kA = m_A a

T_A – 30 = (6)(1.6)

T_A - 30 = 9.6

T_A = 9.6 + 30 = 39.6 N

Chinhu B:

ΣF = ma

F_x - f_kB - T_B = m_B a

48 – 2 – T_B = (4)(1.6)

46 - T_B = 6.4

46 - 6.4 = T_B

T_B = 39.6N

2. Kana coefficient ye kinetic friction pakati pemabhuroko ese ari maviri nepasi iri 0.2, chii chinonzi kukurumidza yezvinhu zvose zviri zviviri? (cos 37)^o = 0,8, chivi 37^o = 0,6)

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu A (m)_A) = 4 kg

Huremu hwechinhu B (m_B) = 2 kg

Simba (F) = 30 Newton

Kukwana kwekukakavadzana pakati pechinhu nepasi (μ)_k= = 0.2

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s²

kusvika 37^o = 0.8

pasina 37^o = 0.6

Zvaidiwa: Kukurumidzisa kwezvinhu zvose zviri zviviri

Solution:

Chikamu chakatambanudzwa chesimba F:

F_x = F cos θ

F_x = (30)(0.8) = 24 N

Chikamu chakamira chesimba F:

F_y = F chivi θ

F_y = (30)(0.6) = 18 N

Simba rakajairika pachinhu A:

N_A = w_A = m_A g = (4)(10) = 40 N

Simba rakajairika pachinhu B:

N_B +F_y - w_B = 0

N_B +F_y = w_B

N_B = w_B - F_y = m_B g – F_y = (2)(10) – 18 = 20 – 18 = 2 N

Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic pakati pechinhu A nepasi:

f_kA = μ_k N_A = (0.2)(40) = 8 N

Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic pakati pechinhu B nepasi:

f_kB = μ_k N_B = (0.2)(2) = 0.4 N

Kukurumidzisa kwezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri:

ΣF = ma

F_x - f_kB - f_kA = (m_A +m_B) a

24 – 0.4 – 8 = (4 + 2) a

15.6 = 6 a

a = 15.6 / 6

a = 2.6 m/s²

3. Zvinhu zviviri zvakabatana netambo pamusoro pepulley sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Huremu hwechinhu A = m_A, huremu f chinhu B = m_B uye kukurumidza kwebhokisi B ndiko a. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti ndiko g. Chii chinonzi simba rekumanikidzwa pabhokisi B?

Solution:

Nzvimbo yakatambanuka yakatsetseka saka hapana kukweshana. Simba chete rinokurumidzisa sisitimu iyi huremu hwebhuroko B.

Kukurumidza kwesystem:

Simba rekumanikidza (T):

Chinotsiva m_A muequation 1 ne m_A muequation 2.

1. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pe statics ne dynamics muchimiro che particles?
   • Pindura: Statics inobata nekudzidza masimba ari pazvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana mukuenzana, uko masimba ese akaenzana, uye pasina kukurumidza. Dynamics, kune rumwe rutivi, inodzidza masimba uye kufamba kunobuda kwezvikamu kana masimba asina kuenzana, zvichikonzera kukurumidza.
2. Mutemo wechipiri waNewton unoshanda sei pakufamba kwechinhu chimwe chete?
   • Pindura: Mutemo wechipiri waNewton unoti simba rinoshanda pachinhu chimwe chete rakaenzana nehuremu hwechinhu chimwe chete hunodzokororwa nekumhanya kwacho: $F=ma$Mutemo uyu unotsanangura kuti simba richaita sei pakufamba kwechinhu, zvichienderana nehuremu hwacho uye kumhanya kunokonzerwa nesimba racho.
3. Ndeipi nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remutsara, uye inoshanda sei kune zvidimbu?
   • Pindura: Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remagetsi rinoratidza kuti simba rese remagetsi rehurongwa hwakavharwa rezvikamu rinoramba riripo kana pasina simba rekunze riri kushanda pahurongwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti simba rese remagetsi risati rasvika uye mushure mekubatana kwezvikamu mukati mehurongwa richava rakafanana.
4. Pfungwa yebasa rinoitwa pachinhu chimwe chete inoenderana sei nesimba rinoshandiswa uye kufambiswa kwechinhu chimwe chete?
   • Pindura: Basa rinoitwa pachinhu chimwe chete rinoitwa nesimba rinoshandiswa pachinhu chimwe chete, kusuduruka kwechinhu chimwe chete, uye cosine yekona iri pakati pesimba nemavector ekusuduruka: $W=Fd\cos \theta$.
5. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pesimba rekinetic nesimba rinogona kushandiswa kana tichitarisa chinhu chimwe chete?
   • Pindura: Kinetic energy isimba rechinhu nekuda kwekufamba kwacho uye rinopihwa ne 1/2 ​mv², apo $m$ ndiyo misa uye $v$ ndiyo kumhanya. Simba rinogona kuoneka (potential energy) isimba rinochengetwa muchinhu nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro mumunda wesimba (sekunge minda yegiravhiti kana yemagetsi). Kutaurwa kwakananga kwesimba rinogona kuoneka kunoenderana nesimba rinoshanda pachinhu chacho.
6. Kushanduka kwechinhu pachinhu chimwe kwakabatana sei nekuchinja kwesimba racho?
   • Pindura: Kufurirwa pachinhu chimwe chinhu chibereko chesimba rinoshandiswa pachinhu chimwe chete uye nguva inoshandiswa simba racho. Izvi zvakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba racho: $I=F\Delta t=\Delta p$.
7. Chii chinorehwa ne "chinhu chakasununguka," uye chinoita sei?
   • Pindura: Chidimbu chakasununguka chinenge chisina simba ripi zvaro. Zvinoenderana neMutemo waNewton wekutanga, chidimbu chakasununguka chinoramba chakazorora kana chakazorora pakutanga kana kuti chichifamba nekumhanya kwakasimba kana chikatanga kufamba.
8. Kukweshana kunoita basa rei mukutenderera kwezvikamu?
   • Pindura: Kukweshana isimba rinopesana nekufamba pakati pezvinhu zviri kusangana. Panyaya yekuchinjana kwezvikamu, kukweshana kunogona kuderedza kana kumisa kufamba kwezvikamu, zvichienderana nekwakananga uye hukuru hwesimba rekukweshana.
9. Nzira yechinhu inokanganiswa sei nesimba repakati?
   • Pindura: Simba repakati ndiro rinoshanda pamwe chete nemutsetse unobatanidza chidimbu kune imwe nzvimbo yakatarwa, inonzi pakati. Masimba akadaro akajairika mukubatana kwegiravhiti nemagetsi uye achaita kuti chidimbu chifambe munzira inochengetedza momentum chaiyo iri pakati, kazhinji zvichikonzera maorbit edenderedzwa kana kuti akatenderera.
10. Chii chiri hukama huripo pakati pesimba rekunze rinoshanda pahurongwa hwezvikamu uye mwero wekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemutsara wehurongwa?

• Pindura: Zvinoenderana neMutemo weChipiri waNewton unoshandiswa kune system yezvikamu, simba rekunze rinoshanda pasystem rakaenzana nechiyero chekuchinja kwe total linear momentum yesystem: Fext​=dP/dt​, apo $\mathbf{P}$ ndiyo simba rose rakatsetseka.