Manetiweki eGurumuda
Girazi rerupa kana kuti rinokudza zvinhu zvikuru lenzi yakamoneredzwa iyo inoshandiswa kubatsira ziso kuona chinhu chinonetsa kuona zvakananga uchishandisa ziso. Chiratidzo ichi chinonzi simple magnifier nekuti ine hunyanzvi hushoma hwekugona kukudza mufananidzo wechinhu. Muchidzidzo chinotevera, muchadzidza nezvezvinhu zvinokudza zvinhu zvisiri nyore zvakaita semamaikorosikopu, nezvimwewo.
Maziso ekuona zviri pedyo anogona kugadziriswa zviri nyore uchishandisa magirazi ekuona uye magirazi ekuona. Magirazi ekuona anonamirwa pagirazi rekuona, ukuwo magirazi ekuona anonamirwa pabhora reziso. Magirazi ekuona ane chinhambwe chakati kubva paziso, ukuwo magirazi ekuona anonamira paziso kuitira kuti chinhambwe chiri pakati pegirazi rekuona neziso chisatariswe.
Muenzaniso wematambudziko anosangana nemunhu ane dambudziko rekuona zviri pedyo uye kuona zviri kure unotsanangurwa, kuti ndeapi marudzi emalenzi anoshandiswa kugadzirisa maziso, kuti lenzi ine urefu hwakadii uye simba rayo. Izvi zvinotarisa pakushandiswa kwemalenzi ekuona zviri pedyo uye kuona zviri kure.
Kuona zviri pedyo kunogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa magirazi emaziso uye ma contacts lensesMagirazi emaziso anonamirwa pagirazi, ukuwo magirazi ekuona akabatana nebhora reziso. Girazi rine chinhambwe chakati kubva kuziso ukuwo magirazi ekuona akabatana neziso kuitira kuti chinhambwe chiri pakati pegirazi rekuona neziso chisatariswe.
Mupepa rino, tinotsanangura mienzaniso yematambudziko anosangana nevanhu vane dambudziko rekuona zviri pedyo uye kuona zviri kure, rudzi rwelenzi inoshandiswa kugadzirisa ziso, uye kureba kwelenzi nesimba relenzi. Izvi zvinotarisa pakushandiswa kwemagirazi kugadzirisa kuona zviri pedyo uye kuona zviri kure.
Tsanangudzo ye nziso rekuona nzeve
Kuona zviri pedyo kana kuti hyperopia chirwere chemaziso chinokanganisa maziso apo ziso harigone kuona nzvimbo iri pedyo kana kuti nzvimbo iri pedyo inoita seisina kujeka. Munhu ane maziso akajairwa ane nzvimbo iri pedyo inosvika 25 cm.
Chikonzero che iyo nziso rekuona nzeve
Zvichibva patsananguro yapfuura, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti chikonzero chekuona zviri kure i cornea uye lenzi yeziso haina kukombama zvakanyanya,
kuitira kuti kureba kwenzvimbo yekuona ye cornea-eye lens kuve kwakanyanya kukosha, zvichiita kuti chiedza chinobva panzvimbo iri pedyo chitariswe seri kwe retina.
Tsanangudzo yeziso rinoona zviri kure
Kuona zviri pedyo kana kuti hyperopia chirwere chemaziso chinokanganisa ziso apo ziso harigone kuona nzvimbo iri pedyo zvakajeka, kana kuti nzvimbo iri pedyo inoita seisina kujeka. Kunyangwe zvakaoma kuona nzvimbo iri pedyo, vanhu vane kuona zviri pedyo vanogona kuona nzvimbo iri kure. Nzvimbo iri pedyo ndiyo daro riri pedyo rinogona kuonekwa neziso rakajairika. Avhareji yeziso rakajairika ine nzvimbo iri pedyo ne25 cm. Nzvimbo iri kure ndiyo daro riri kure kupfuura mamwe ose rinogona kuonekwa neziso rakajairika. Avhareji yemunhu ane ziso rakajairika ane nzvimbo isingaperi. Infinite izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura hurefu hwechinhu chiri kure zvikuru.
Chinyorwa Zvishandiso zvemaziso ziso remunhu
Zvikamu zveziso
Kornea iganda rakajeka, rakaomarara rinofukidza kumberi kweziso. Kornea inodzivisa chiedza chinopinda muziso.
Mbeu iyi inhengo nhema yeziso. Mbeu iyi idema, saka inonwisa chiedza chose. Mbeu iyi iburi rinopinda chiedza muziso. Kana dhayamita yembeu yakakura, chiedza chinopinda muziso zvakanyanya uye saizi yembeu idiki, chiedza chinopinda muziso zvishoma.
Iris ndiyo inodzora saizi yepupi. Kana nzvimbo yakatenderedza ziso yakajeka zvikuru, iris inoderedza pupi. Kusiyana neizvi, kana nzvimbo yakatenderedza maziso isina kupenya zvakanyanya, iris inowedzera pupi zvekuti huwandu hwechiedza chinopinda muziso hwakakura. Kana wakaona musiyano uripo pakati peziso rekatsi masikati neusiku, unogona kunzwisisa zviri nyore mashandiro eiris.
Daro rechinhu diki pane urefu hwefocal relenzi ye convex (do < f)
Zvichibva pakuverenga kwe kuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi ye convex, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti daro rechinhu (do) diki pane urefu hwefocal (f) hwe lenzi ye convex, hunhu hwemufananidzo ndeihu:
- Virtual zvinoreva kuti chiedza hachipfuuri nepamufananidzo
- Wakarurama
- Chinhu chiri kure negirazi re convex, saizi yemufananidzo inowedzera.
– Chinhu chiri kure negirazi re convex, mufananidzo wacho uri kure negirazi re convex.
Chinyorwa nezve Equation yema lenses anoungana (convex)
Usati wadzidza equation ye lenzi ye convex, nzwisisa mitemo yezviratidzo zve lenzi ye convex iri pazasi.
Zviratidzo zvemitemo ye lenzi ine convex
- Kureba kwechinhu (do)
Kana chinhu chikapfuudzwa nepakati pechiedza, saka daro rechinhu ari positive.
- Kureba kwemufananidzo (di)
Kana chiedza chikapfuura mufananidzo, ipapo daro remufananidzo mufananidzo chaiwo. Kana chiedza chikasapfuura nepamufananidzo, daro remufananidzo iri negative (mufananidzo chaiwo).
Chinyorwa pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi inosanganisa (convex)
Kuti unzwisise kuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi ye convex, dzidza mienzaniso yematambudziko nemhinduro dziri pazasi. Muchiitiko ichi, chinhu chinofungidzirwa kuti chiri kure ne lenzi ye convex,
wobva wadhirowa mufananidzo uchishandisa lenzi ine convex, daro remufananidzo kubva kune lenzi ine convex uye kukura kwemufananidzo uchishandisa lenzi ine convex.
Lenzi ine denderedzwa remasendimita makumi maviri (20 cm). Zvinhu zvine urefu hwemasendimita gumi (10 cm) zviri kuruboshwe rwelenzi. Sarudza daro remufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo uye kukwirira kwemufananidzo, kana:
Chinyorwa nezve madhayagiramu eRay emalenzi anobatana (convex)
Kana chinhu chiri kudivi rimwe chete regirazi re convex, iro girazi re convex rinogona kuumba mufananidzo wechinhu chacho. Kana nzvimbo yechinhu iri kudivi rimwe chete regirazi re convex ichizivikanwa, ungadhirowa sei mufananidzo wechinhu chacho? Ngatitii chinhu chiri kuruboshwe rwegirazi re convex, sezvakaratidzwa pazasi.
Mutsetse weorenji = lenzi yakakomberedzwa
Mutsetse webhuruu = axis huru
Museve (girini) = chinhu
F1 = kureba kwefocal 1 na F2 = kureba kwefocal 2