Pamusoro pekumanikidzwa, imwe yehuwandu hunoratidza hunhu hwemacroscopic hwegasi itembiricha (T). Equation yekumanikidzwa kwegasi:
Sanganisa equation 1 ne equation 2 :
Iyi ndiyo equation yeavhareji yesimba remagetsi remagasi zvichienzaniswa nekupisa kwakakwana kwegasi.
Tembiricha inoenderana zvakananga neavhareji yesimba rekushandura remamorekuru egasi. Kana tembiricha yakakura, simba rekushandura remamorekuru rakakwirira, tembiricha idiki, simba rekushandura remamorekuru rakaderera. Tinogona kugumisa kuti tembiricha chiyero cheavhareji yesimba rekushandura remamorekuru.
Imwe nzira yekuenzanisa avhareji yesimba rekinetic regesi:
n = nhamba mole (mol), R = gasi risingaperi repasi rose (R = 8.315 J / mol. K = 8315 kJ / kmol. K), T = tembiricha yakakwana (Kelvin), EK = avhareji yesimba rekushandura kinetic regasi remorekuru (Joule).
k = Boltzmann's constant, R = universal gas constant, NA = Avogadro's number, M = molecular mass, m = mass, n = nhamba yemamoles.
Chekutanga, simba rekushandura rekinetic isimba rekinetic rine zvinhu kana mamorekuru. Kufamba kwekushandura kunogona kuitwa muchimiro chekufamba kwakatwasuka, kufamba kweparabolic. Ukuwo simba rekushandura rekinetic = simba rekinetic rine zvinhu kana mamorekuru anoita kufamba kwese.
Chechipiri, avhareji yesimba rekinetic muequation iri pamusoro inoshanda chete kumagasi emonatomic. Mienzaniso yemagasi emonatomic ndeiyi: He (helium), Ar (Argon), nezvimwewo. Pamusoro pemagasi emonatomic, kunewo magasi ediatomic. Mienzaniso yemagasi ediatomic ndeiyi: O2 (oxygen), N2 (nitrogen), CO (carbon monoxide), nezvimwewo. Kunewo magasi epolyatomic. Semuenzaniso, CO2 (carbon dioxide) nezvimwewo. Gasi remonatomic rine atomu rimwe chete; gasi rediatomic rine maatomu maviri, uye gasi repolyatomic rine maatomu akawanda.
Chechitatu, tembiricha yakakwana inofanira kutaurwa pachikero cheKelvin (K). Kana tembiricha ichiri muchikero cheCelsius ( o C), tanga wachinja kuita chikero cheKelvin (K).
Chechina, equation 1 ne equation yechipiri pamusoro apa hazvingoshandi pazvinhu zvegasi chete, asiwo zvinoshanda kune zvinwiwa nezvinhu zvegasi.
Muenzaniso wedambudziko:
Ndeipi avhareji yesimba rekushandura remamorekuru mugasi pa40 °C?
Solution:
