Kuparadzirwa kweBiome Systems
Biome inzvimbo yakakura yezvakatipoteredza, inosanganisira nzvimbo yakakura, ine mamiriro ekunze akafanana, ivhu, uye zvirimwa nemhuka. Biome yega yega ine masisitimu ayo ezvakatipoteredza anokanganisa mhando dzehupenyu dzinogona kukura imomo. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzebiome pasi rose, kusanganisira masango emvura anonaya mvura, savanna, huswa, magwenga, taigas, tundra, nezvimwe. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura kupararira uye hunhu hwemamwe masisitimu makuru ebiome pasi rose.
1. Sango reMvura Rinonaya Munzvimbo Dzinopisa
Masango emvura anonaya mvura ari pakati pematongo anozivikanwa zvikuru, anozivikanwa nehupenyu hwawo hwakawanda. Iri pedyo ne equator, nzvimbo iyi ine mamiriro ekunze anodziya uye ane hunyoro gore rose. Nyika dzine masango makuru emvura anonaya mvura dzinosanganisira Brazil, Indonesia, neDemocratic Republic of Congo.
Kugoverwa
Masango emvura anonaya mvura akawanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dze equator, kunyanya kuSouth America (kunyanya muAmazon basin), Central Africa, neSoutheast Asia. Matunhu aya anowana mvura yakawanda pagore, inowanzo pfuura 2000 mm, uye tembiricha dzinowanzo dziya gore rose.
Hunhu
Masango aya ane miti yakawanda kwazvo, zvichiita zvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinomera. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka, dzakawanda dzacho dziripo kana kuti hadziwanikwe kune imwe nzvimbo, dzinoita kuti masango emvura anogara munzvimbo dzinopisa ave chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru maererano nehupenyu hwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana.
2. Savannah
Savanna inzvimbo iri pakati pemasango nenzvimbo dzine uswa, ine miti isina kupararira zvakanaka nenzvimbo dzine uswa hwakawanda. Nzvimbo dzine mwaka yakasiyana yekunaya kwemvura nemwaka yekusanaya kwemvura.
Kugoverwa
Masango ane mukurumbira anowanikwa muAfrica, anofukidza hafu yekondinendi. Zvisinei, mhuka iyi inogona kuwanikwawo muSouth America (yakadai seCerrado muBrazil), Southeast Asia, uye kuchamhembe kweAustralia.
Hunhu
Kunyangwe hazvo masango asina kuzara zvakanyanya, masavanna anotsigira mhando dzakasiyana dzehupenyu. Ndiwo musha wemhuka huru dzepanyika, dzakadai senzou, shumba, uye twiza. Ivhu reSavannah rinowanzova nevhu rakaorera uye rinotsigira kurima kana rikadiridzwa zvakanaka.
3. Nzvimbo yeuswa
Masango euswa ane huswa hwakawanda, hune miti mishoma kana kuti husina miti yakawanda. Masango aya anowanikwa pakati pemakondinendi uye anowanzova nemwaka wemvura newakaoma nguva nenguva.
Kugoverwa
Masango makuru ehuswa anowanikwa kuNorth America (anozivikanwa semapurazi), Eurasia (stek), uye zvikamu zveSouth America (pampas). MuAfrica, masango anozivikanwa seveldt.
Hunhu
Masango ane mhando dzakawanda dzemhuka dzinodya zvinomera, dzakadai senyati, mhara, nemabhiza emusango, izvo zvinotonga zvirimwa nekudya. Zvinomera izvi zvinosanganisira huswa hune masango nemiti midiki.
4. Renje
Magwenga ndiwo ma biomes anopisa zvikuru uye akapararira zvikuru ane mvura shoma, zvichiita kuti ave imwe yenzvimbo dzakaoma zvikuru pasi rose.
Kugoverwa
Magwenga anowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana pasi rose, kusanganisira Sahara Desert muAfrica, Gobi Desert muAsia, Arabian Desert muMiddle East, uye Atacama Desert muSouth America.
Hunhu
Magwenga anosangana nekupisa kwakanyanya kwezuva nezuva, kubva pakupisa masikati kusvika kuchando chehusiku. Zvirimwa zvemugwenga, zvakaita secacti, zvakajaira kuchengetedza mvura kwenguva yakareba. Mhuka dzinozivikanwa dzemugwenga dzinosanganisira mhuka dzakadai semakamera, nyoka, uye makava emugwenga, ayo akajaira kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya.
5. Taiga (Sango reBoreal)
Taiga ndiyo biome yakakura kwazvo pasi rose, inozivikanwawo sesango reBoreal. Taiga ine miti yeConiferous yakaita sepaini, spruce, uye larch.
Kugoverwa
Taiga inogona kuwanikwa kuchamhembe kwenyika, kunyanya muCanada, Alaska, Scandinavia, neRussia.
Hunhu
Dunhu iri rinogara kwenguva refu, yakaoma uye mwaka wezhizha mupfupi. Ivhu remusango rinowanzova nechando chakakwana, uye zvirimwa nemhuka zhinji dzemunzvimbo iyi dzakajairana nemamiriro ekunze anotonhora.
6. Tundra
Tundra inzvimbo inozivikanwa nekutonhora kwakanyanya uye ine miti mishoma. Dunhu iri rakakamurwa kuita tundra yeArctic netundra yeAlpine.
Kugoverwa
Dura reArctic rinowanikwa kuNorthern Hemisphere, rakatenderedza Arctic Circle, kusanganisira Russia, Canada, neScandinavia. Dura reAlpine rinowanikwa mumakomo marefu pasi rese.
Hunhu
Tundra ine mwaka mupfupi wekukura, uye ivhu rayo rinowanzo tonhora nechando (permafrost) rinoita kuti midzi yemiti isakure zvakanaka. Zvirimwa zvinogara zvirimo zvinosanganisira mosses, lichens, uye mhando shoma dzemiti midiki. Zvisikwa zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira shiri dzinotama, reindeer, uye polar bears, dzine maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirisa mwaka wechando wakanyanya.
Penutup
Kupararira kwemaitiro ebiome kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza zvakaita semamiriro ekunze, rudzi rwevhu, uye kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu. Biome yega yega inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kuenzana kwemamiriro ekunze epasi rose, uye kuvapo kwayo kwakakosha kuti zvipenyu zvese zviri panyika zvirarame. Kusiyana-siyana kwemaitiro ega ega kunopa mipiro yakasiyana kune kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu zvePasi uye maitiro ezvakatipoteredza, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekunzwisisa nekuchengetedza nharaunda idzi dzakasiyana-siyana.
