Mashoko Akakosha muSainzi Yekutumira
Munyika yezvekufambisa ngarava, mazwi akasiyana-siyana ehunyanzvi anoshandiswa kutsanangura zvinhu zvine chekuita nekufambisa ngarava, kufambisa ngarava, uye mashandiro engarava. Ungave uri mufambisi wengarava ane ruzivo kana kuti mutsva, kunzwisisa mazwi aya kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvakachengeteka uye zvinoshanda zvakanaka mugungwa. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mamwe emazwi anonyanya kushandiswa kuti ape kunzwisisa kwekutanga kune chero ani zvake anofarira zvekufambisa ngarava.
Abaft uye Aft
'Abaft' izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura chimwe chinhu chiri kure kure kupfuura nzvimbo chaiyo muchikepe. Semuenzaniso, "abaft the beam" zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chiri shure kwedanda rechikepe. Panguva imwecheteyo, 'aft' zvinoreva kumashure kana kumashure kwechikepe. Kuziva nzvimbo idzi kwakakosha pakufambisa nekutaurirana muchikepe.
Beam
Izwi rekuti 'danda' rinoreva upamhi hwechikepe, hunoyerwa panzvimbo yacho yakafara, kazhinji pakati pezvikepe. Izvi zvakakosha pakuona kugadzikana kwechikepe uye kugona kwacho kutakura zvinhu. Pamusoro pezvo, mukufamba, 'pamusoro pedanda' kana 'kumberi kwedanda' zvinosarudza nzvimbo yezvinhu kana zvimwe zvikepe zvichienzaniswa nechikepe chako.
Uta neStern
'Uta' hunoreva kumberi kwechikepe, kunozivikanwawo sechipfumo. 'Kumashure' kunoreva kumashure kwechikepe, kunozivikanwawo seshure. Kuziva uta neshure kwakakosha kune vafambisi vechikepe, kunyanya mukufambisa nekuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana emugungwa.
Chiteshi neBhodhi reNyeredzi
Mashoko ekuti 'chiteshi' uye 'bhodhi renyeredzi' anoshandiswa panzvimbo pe'kuruboshwe' uye 'rudyi' pangarava kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika. 'Chiteshi' zvinoreva divi rekuruboshwe rengarava kana yakatarisa mberi (mubowo), ukuwo 'bhodhi renyeredzi' zvichireva divi rerudyi. Izvi zvakakosha pakuziva kwakananga ngarava uye pakutaurirana mugungwa.
Chikwapuro neNgowani
Chikwambo chinodhonzwa nechikepe chinosungirirwa kumashure kwechikepe uye chinoshandiswa kutungamira chikepe. Chikwambo chinodhonzwa nevhiri kana kuti chishandiso chinoshandiswa kudzora divi rechikwambo. Kudzora chikwambo hunyanzvi hunokosha hunofanirwa kuve nenyanzvi yemufambisi wechikepe wese.
Dhirowa uye Freeboard
'Draft' inhambwe yakatwasuka pakati pemvura nechikamu chakadzama chechikepe. Izvi zvakakosha pakuona kudzama kwechikepe, izvo zvinokanganisa kufamba kwakachengeteka. 'Freeboard' inhambwe yakatwasuka kubva pamvura kusvika padheki repamusoro. Mazwi ese ari maviri ane basa pakuona kugadzikana uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikepe.
Ballast
'Ballast' zvinoreva zvinhu zvakaita semvura, jecha, kana simbi, zvinoiswa pasi pechikepe kuti zviwedzere kugadzikana. Ngarava dzinowanzo kuzadza kana kuburitsa matangi e ballast kuti dzirambe dzakagadzikana uye dzichidzikama padzinoisa kana kuburutsa zvinhu.
Knot
'Knot' imhando yekumhanya inoshandiswa mukufamba mugungwa, yakaenzana nemakiromita imwe chete egungwa paawa (knot imwe = 1,852 km/h). Kumhanya kwechikepe kunowanzo kuyerwa nemapfundo, uye izwi iri rakakosha kune zvakawanda zvekufamba nechikepe uye kuronga rwendo.
Kutungamira uye Kubereka
'Kuenda' ndiko kwakatarisana nemuromo wechikepe, kazhinji kunoyerwa nemadhigirii kubva kuchamhembe chaiko. 'Kuenda' ndiko kwakananga kana nzvimbo maererano nechikepe, chinoyerwa kubva kuchamhembe chaiko kana kubva kuchikepe pachacho. Kunzwisisa kutungamira nekufamba kwacho kwakakosha pakuronga nzira.
Mile yegungwa
Maira egungwa (nautical mile) iyuniti ine urefu hwakaenzana neminiti imwe chete yearc ye meridian, iyo inenge makiromita 1,852. Iyi yuniti inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikepe nendege nekuti yakarurama pakuyera daro riri pamusoro peNyika, tichifunga nezvechimiro chayo chedenderedzwa.
Latitude neLongitude
Latitude mutsetse wekufungidzira wakatenderedza Nyika wakaenzana ne equator, unoshandiswa kuona mafambiro ekuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba. Longitude mutsetse wekufungidzira unobatanidza mativi ekuchamhembe nekuchamhembe, unoshandiswa kuona mafambiro ekumabvazuva-kumadokero. Uchishandisa musanganiswa we latitude ne longitude, nzvimbo yengarava mugungwa inogona kuzivikanwa nemazvo.
Windward naLeeward
'Kuvhuvhuta nemhepo' zvinoreva divi riri kuvhuvhuta nemhepo, nepo 'kuvhuvhuta nemhepo' zvichireva divi rakatarisana nemhepo. Kuziva mazwi aya kunokosha zvikuru mukufamba nechikepe uye mukunzwisisa kufamba nekufambisa chikepe ichirwisana nemhepo.
Kuverenga Kwakafa
Kuverenga zvinhu zvisina musoro inzira yekufambisa ngarava ichishandisa kumhanya kwakanyorwa, gwara, nguva, uye daro rakafambwa, pasina kuvimba nekutarisa zvakananga denga kana nyika. Iyi yaive nzira huru mukufambisa ngarava musati mava netekinoroji yeGPS.
Fathom
Fathom imhando yehurefu hunoshandiswa kuyera kudzika kwemvura, kwakaenzana nemamita matanhatu kana anenge 1,8288. Pfungwa iyi yakakosha pakuona kudzika kwemvura kwakachengeteka pakufamba nechikepe uye kudzivirira njodzi dzemugungwa.
zuva
'Datum' inzvimbo inoshandiswa pakuongorora mapoka emvura uye kufamba. Chati yegungwa inowanzo shandiswa pakuongorora mapoka emvura, izvo zvinoita kuti zviyero zvegungwa zvive zvakarurama uye zvakafanana.
Kuenderera mberi
'Kufamba kwechikepe' zvinoreva chikepe chiri kufamba, chingave chiri pasi pesimba remhepo kana mainjini, kana kuti nemagetsi. Izwi iri rinosanganisirawo kana chisina kusungirirwa, kuvharirwa, kana kusungirirwa pachiteshi.
Huro
Keel idanda refu rinotangira pakona kuenda kumashure pasi pechikepe, richishanda semusana wechivako chechikepe. Rinopa kugadzikana kwakakosha uye simba kuchikepe, kunyanya mugungwa.
Kudzikisira uye Kugadzirisa
Kudzikisa ngarava inzira inoshandiswa kufambisa ngarava ichipesana nemhepo nechinangwa chekufamba nenzira yaunoda. Kudzikisa ngarava, kune rumwe rutivi, inzira yekufamba nechikepe ichitenderedza ngarava ichipesana nemhepo. Maitiro ese ari maviri anowanzo shandiswa mukufamba nechikepe kuti awedzere kumhanya uye kudzora.
mhedziso
Kunzwisisa mazwi akakosha egungwa idanho rekutanga rakakosha kuti uve mufambisi wechikepe ane hunyanzvi. Mashoko akadai se abaft, beam, bow, stern, port, starboard, rudder, helm, draft, freeboard, nemamwe akawanda haangopi ruzivo chete asiwo anokubatsira kutaurirana nemazvo uye zvinobudirira.
Ruzivo urwu rwekutanga ruchabatsira kwete chete kune avo vanoshanda muindasitiri yezvikepe asiwo kune avo vanofarira kudzidza zvakawanda nezvenyika yezvikepe. Semufambisi wechikepe, ruzivo rwako nehunyanzvi mukunzwisisa nekushandisa mazwi aya zvinogona kukanganisa zvakananga kuchengetedzeka nekubudirira kwerwendo rwako mugungwa. Wakashongedzerwa nekunzwisisa kwakasimba kwemashoko ezvikepe, uchagadzirira kutarisana nematambudziko nezviitiko mugungwa.
