Kuona zviri pedyo uye kuona zviri kure zvinogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa magirazi emaziso uye magirazi ekuona . Magirazi ekuona anonamirwa pamagirazi emaziso, ukuwo magirazi ekuona anonamirwa pabhora reziso. Magirazi ari kure neziso, ukuwo magirazi ekuona anonamirwa paziso, zvichiita kuti daro riri pakati pemagirazi ekuona neziso rive diki.
Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura mienzaniso yematambudziko anosangana nevanhu vanoona zviri pedyo nemaziso avo, mhando dzemalenzi anoshandiswa kugadzirisa kuona kwavo, mafocal lengths avo, uye simba ravo. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa pakushandiswa kwemalenzi ekuona kuti maziso avo aone zviri pedyo nemaziso avo.
Kuona Nearbone uye Concave Lenses
Daro riri kure zvikuru rinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka nemunhu anoona zviri pedyo kana kuti ane myopia i50 cm. Kuti munhu anoona zviri pedyo aone zvinhu zviri kure zvisingaperi, sarudza (a) rudzi rwelenzi rinoshandiswa, (b) kureba kwelenzi uye rudzi rwelenzi, (c) simba kana simba relenzi.
Magirazi ekuonana ari pedyo zvakanyanya neziso, saka usatarisa daro riri pakati pegirazi neziso. Daro riri pakati pechinhu nemufananidzo negirazi rekuonana rinofungidzirwa kuti rakaenzana nedaro riri pakati pechinhu nemufananidzo neziso.
Kukurukurirana
(A) Rudzi rwelenzi rinoshandiswa
Pamusoro penyaya kuona zviri pedyo Zvakatsanangurwa kuti magirazi anoshandiswa kugadzirisa maziso anoona zviri pedyo ndiwo magirazi akakombama kana magirazi akasiyana-siyana kana magirazi asina kunaka.
(B) Kureba kwegirazi
Chinhu chinoonekwa neziso risingaonekwe nemaziso kuburikidza negirazi rekuonana chiri pamagumo, saka iro rinofanira kuumba mufananidzo uri kure ne50 cm pamberi pegirazi rekuonana. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pegirazi, saka mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta (enzanisa tsananguro iri munyaya yacho). mufananidzo we lenzi yakakombama)
Zvinozivikanwa :
Kureba kwechinhu (s) = kusaguma
Daro remufananidzo (s') = -50 cm (negative nekuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepaindaneti)
Akabvunzwa Kureba (f)
Jawab :
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/50)
1/f = 0 – 1/50
1/f = – 1/50
f = – 50/1 cm = -50 cm = -0,5 mita.
Kureba kwefocal negative zvinoreva kuti lenzi inoshandiswa ndiyo lenzi yakakombama kana lenzi inochinja-chinja.
(C) Simba regirazi
P = 1/f = 1/-0,5 m = -2 Diopta
Simba regirazi iri -2 D. Chiratidzo chekusaratidza chinoreva kuti girazi rinoshandiswa igirazi rakakombama kana kuti girazi rinopatsanurana.
Kuona Nearbone uye Convex Lenses
Daro riri pedyo rinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka nemunhu anoona zviri pedyo i50 cm. Kuti munhu akwanise kuverenga ari kure ne25 cm seziso remazuva ose, sarudza (a) rudzi rwelenzi rinoshandiswa, (b) kureba kwelenzi, (c) simba relenzi.
Magirazi ekuonana ari pedyo zvakanyanya neziso, saka usatarisa daro riri pakati pegirazi neziso. Daro riri pakati pechinhu nemufananidzo negirazi rekuonana rinofungidzirwa kuti rakaenzana nedaro riri pakati pechinhu nemufananidzo neziso.
Kukurukurirana
(A) Rudzi rwelenzi rinoshandiswa
Pamusoro penyaya kuona zviri kure Zvakatsanangurwa kuti magirazi anoshandiswa kugadzirisa maziso anoona zviri pedyo ndiwo magirazi akajeka kana kuti magirazi anotenderera kana magirazi akanaka.
(B) Kureba kwegirazi
Kuti chinhu chiri kuonekwa chive 25 cm pamberi peziso, lenzi inofanira kuumba mufananidzo uri kure ne50 cm pamberi peziso. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pelenzi, saka mufananidzo wacho wakamira uye uri chaiwo (enzanisa tsananguro iri munyaya yacho). mufananidzo wegirazi re convex)
Zvinozivikanwa :
Kureba kwechinhu = 25 cm
Daro remufananidzo (s') = -50 cm (negative nekuti iri paindaneti)
Akabvunzwa : Kureba kwefocal (f) ye lenzi yekuonana
Jawab :
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/25 + 1/-50
1/f = 2/50 – 1/50
1/f = 1/50
f = 50/1 = 50 cm = 0,5 mamita
Kureba kwakanaka kwefocal zvinoreva kuti lenzi inoshandiswa ndiyo lenzi ine convex kana lenzi inoungana kana kuti lenzi yakanaka.
(C) Simba regirazi
P = 1/f = 1/0,5 = +2 Diopters
Simba regirazi iri +2 D. Chiratidzo chakanaka chinoreva kuti iro rinoshandiswa igirazi rakamonana kana kuti lenzi inotenderera.