Mazano ekusarudza Rudzi Rwakakodzera rweKufambisa Mafuta
Mvura inotumirwa nemagetsi chinhu chakakosha mukuchengetedza mashandiro uye kugara kwenguva refu kwesystem yekufambisa simba remotokari. Mota nemota dzinoshanda pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, kukweshana, uye tembiricha. Pasina mvura yakakodzera, magiya anogona kushata, zvikamu zvinopera nekukurumidza, uye ruzha runogona kuitika, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwakakomba uye kunodhura. Nokudaro, kusarudza mhando chaiyo yemvura inotumirwa nemagetsi hakugone kuitwa nekungo "kumbira mafuta," asi nekuita kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemotokari.
Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura mazano ekusarudza mafuta ekufambisa akakodzera, mhando dzawo, zvinodiwa zvekuteerera, uye tsika dzekudzivisa.
1. Ziva Rudzi rweTransmission yeMota Yako
Danho rekutanga nderekunzwisisa rudzi rwekutumira kunoshandiswa, sezvo chimwe nechimwe chichida mafuta akasiyana.
1. Kutumira nemaoko (MT)
Mafuta egiya kana mafuta ekutumira ane viscosity chaiyo anowanzo shandiswa. Mafuta aya anofanira kukwanisa kudzivirira magiya ekutumira, masynchronizer, uye mabearings kubva pakusakara.
2. Kutumira Kwemagetsi Kwenguva Dzose (AT)
Uchishandisa ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid), iyo inonyanya "hydraulic" kupfuura mafuta egiya, ATF haingoshandi semafuta chete asiwo senzira yekutumira simba kuburikidza ne torque converter uye hydraulic pressure controller.
3. CVT (Kutumira Kunochinja-chinja Nguva Dzose)
Inoda mvura yeCVT yakakosha. Hunhu hwayo hwekuzora hunosiyana nekuti inofanira kutsigira mashandiro ebhandi/cheni nemapulley, kudzora kukweshana, uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwekupisa.
4. DCT (Dual Clutch Transmission)
Kune "wet" (fluid-immersed clutch) uye "dry". Wet DCTs dzinowanzo shandisa special fluid inopa kugona kutonhora uye kudzora kukweshana kweclutch. Dry DCTs dzinowanzova nespecifications dzakasiyana uye hadzishandise fluid imwe chete nguva dzose.
5. Kufambisa Kwekupedzisira / Kutapurirana Kwekusiyanisa
Mumotokari dzinofambisa mavhiri ekumashure kana 4WD, axle inoshandisa mafuta egiya ane mamwe ma API GL specifications, dzimwe nguva nekuwedzera limited-slip additive yeLSD.
Kana usina chokwadi nezverudzi rwegetsi rako, tarisa bhuku remutemo remuridzi wako kana kuti chinyorwa chiri muchikamu cheinjini/chikamu chebasa. Kufungidzira kunogona kukonzera kuzadza injini zvisiri izvo.
2. Nzwisisa Basa reTransmission Lubricant
Mafuta ekufambisa anoita zvinopfuura kungoderedza kukweshana chete. Mabasa awo anosanganisira:
– Inozora magiya nezvinhu zvinofamba kuti isaparare nekukurumidza.
– Inotonhodza nekutakura kupisa kubva panzvimbo yakabatana.
– Inochenesa nekubatanidza zvidimbu zvidiki uye zvakasara.
– Inodzivirira ngura pazvikamu zvesimbi.
– Inodzora kukwesherana (kunyanya AT, CVT, uye DCT) kuitira kuti kutamiswa kwesimba kuite zvakanaka uye kusatsvedza.
Nekuti basa iri rekukweshana rakanyatsojeka, kunyanya mukutumira otomatiki, kusarudza mvura isiriyo kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekutsvedza, kusvetuka-svetuka, kana kupisa zvakanyanya.
3. Tevedzera Zvinotsanangurwa Nemugadziri (Nzvimbo Yakachengeteka)
Zano rakakosha: tevera zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri. Bhuku rekushandisa rinowanzo taura kuti:
– Rudzi rwemvura inodiwa (semuenzaniso ATF chaiyo, mvura chaiyo yeCVT)
- Mitemo yekutsanangura (semuenzaniso Dexron, Mercon, JASO, kana makodhi chaiwo emugadziri)
- Kugona uye nguva yekutsiva
Mamwe marudzi emotokari ane maATF awo (semuenzaniso, Toyota T-IV/WS, Honda ATF DW-1, Nissan Matic, nezvimwewo). Kunyange zvazvo paine zvigadzirwa zve "mota dzakawanda" pamusika, iva nechokwadi chekuti zvinoenderana nemota.
4. Tarisa Standards and Specification Codes (API, GL, Dexron, nezvimwewo)
Heano mamwe emitemo inowanzo sangana nayo:
Yekushandisa nemaoko uye ekisi (mafuta egiya)
– API GL-4: Kazhinji yakakodzera magedhi emagetsi anoshandisa ma synchronizer ebrass.
– API GL-5: Kugona kudzvanywa zvakanyanya (EP), kunowanzo shandiswa kuma axles. Zvisinei, pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, GL-5 ingasakodzera mamwe ma transmissions emaoko nekuti EP additive inogona kukanganisa synchronizer.
– SAE 75W-90, 80W-90, 75W-80, nezvimwewo: Inoratidza mwero wekusviba.
Yekutumira otomatiki
– Dexron (II, III, VI): ATF yakajairika yemotokari dzakawanda, asi inofanira kuramba ichienderana nezvinodiwa nemugadziri.
– Mercon: ATF standard inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune dzimwe mota.
– ATF inoenderana nemugadziri: Kazhinji ine zvinhu zvinowedzerwa pakukweshana zvakagadzirirwa maitiro chaiwo ekuchinja giya.
YeCVT
– CVT Fluid haifanirwe kuenzaniswa neATF yenguva dzose. CVTs dzinoda hunhu hwakasiyana hwekukweshana kudzivirira kutsvedza kwebhandi/cheni uye kudzivirira kupera kwepulley nguva isati yakwana.
YeDCT
– DCT fluid inowanzova nekodhi yayo. Usaitsiva neATF yakajairika kunze kwekunge mugadziri wemafuta ataura zvakajeka kuti anoshanda sei.
5. Teererai kunaka kwechinhu chacho uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwacho.
Kukora kwakanyanya kunogona kuita kuti kuchinja magiya kuve kwakaoma kana kuchitonhora, nepo kutetepa kwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza dziviriro kana kuchipisa zvakanyanya. Saka:
– Pamamiriro ekunze akajairwa uye mashandisirwo azvo, tevedzera mwero we viscosity wemugadziri.
– Pakushandisa zvakanyanya (kudhonza, kukwira zvakanyanya, mitoro mikuru), sarudza chigadzirwa chinoramba chiri mukati mezvinodiwa asi chine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekushisa.
– Pamotokari dzekare, vamwe vanhu vanoedzwa kushandisa mafuta akakora kuti “vaderedze ruzha.” Izvi zvinogona kupa zororo kwenguva pfupi, asi zvinogona kuita kuti masynchronizer ashande nesimba uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta. Zviri nani kuferefeta kwakabva dambudziko.
6. Sarudza Mineral, Semi-Synthetic, kana Full Synthetic?
Kazhinji:
– Zvicherwa: Zvinodhura zvishoma, zvakakwana kushandiswa kwemazuva ese uye kwete kwenguva refu.
– Semi-synthetic: Kuwirirana pakati pemutengo nekushanda, kazhinji kwakasimba pakupisa.
– Yakagadzirwa zvizere: Inodzivirira oxidation zviri nani, inogara kwenguva refu kana tembiricha yakakwira, yakakodzera kushanda kwepamusoro kana kwenguva refu (ichiri kutevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri).
Asi yeuka, "kudhura zvakanyanya" hazvirevi kuti "zvakakodzera zvakanyanya." Kukodzera kuchiri kutsanangurwa nezvinodiwa.
7. Chenjerera Zvigadzirwa "Zvakajairika" Zvisina Kujeka
Kune mafuta akawanda ari pamusika anoti akakodzera mhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi. Haasi ese akaipa, asi unofanira:
- Verenga pepa reruzivo rwehunyanzvi kana riripo
- Iva nechokwadi chekuti pane runyorwa rwakajeka rwezvinoenderana
- Dzivisa zvigadzirwa zvinongovimba chete nezvikumbiro zvekushambadzira zvisina mitemo yakatarwa.
Kune CVTs neDCTs, zvakanaka kuva nepfungwa dzakangwarira: shandisa zvigadzirwa zvinotaura zvinodiwa.
8. Funga nezveNguva dzekutsiva uye Zviratidzo zvekuora
Mvura inotapurirana inokwegurawo: zvimwe zvinowedzerwa zvinopera, kuchinja kwekunamira, kusvibiswa kwezvikamu kunoitika, uye kushanda kwekukweshana kunoderera. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka zvinosanganisira:
- Kuchinja giya zvisina kunaka kana kuti kunonoka (AT/CVT)
- Ruzha rwekurira/kuridza ngonono (runoshandiswa nemaoko/runosiyana)
- Kudedera panguva yekumhanyisa (CVT)
– Ruvara rweATF runosviba uye runonhuhwirira kutsva (zvinoratidza kupisa kwakanyanya)
Pasinei nekuti mota inofanira kushandiswa se "lifetime fluid," nyanzvi dzakawanda dzichiri kukurudzira kuti ishandurwe nguva nenguva, kunyanya kana ikashandisa zvakanyanya. Gara uchitarisa mazano epamutemo uye mamiriro chaiwo emota.
9. Usasanganisa mafuta akasiyana-siyana zvisina hanya.
Kusanganisa mvura mbiri dzine hunyanzvi hwakasiyana kunogona kushandura hunhu hwadzo hwekukweshana uye hwekuwedzera. Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kusanganisira:
- slip pa AT/DCT clutch
- Kushanda kweCVT kunoderera
- kuumbwa kwetsvina
Kana uchifanira kuwedzera chimwe chinhu, edza kuwedzera chimwe chinhu chakafanana. Kana usina chokwadi, zvakachengeteka kuchitsiva uchishandisa nzira chaiyo.
10. Shandisa Maitiro Akakodzera Ekuzadza
Muma transmissions emazuva ano e otomatiki, mazinga eATF haawanzo kusarudzwa uchishandisa dipstick. Kune nzira dzakatarwa dzekushanda tembiricha, nzvimbo dze lever, uye nzira dzekupfuura ne overflow. Mazinga asiri iwo anogona kuuraya:
- Kushaikwa: kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunodonha, kunotsvedza, uye kunopisa nekukurumidza
– Zvakawandisa: mhepo inoyerera/furo, kumanikidzwa kusina kugadzikana, kunetseka kwekuchinja giya
Kana usati wajaira, zvakanaka kuti zviitwe paworkshop inonzwisisa maitirwo emota iyoyo.
Mhedziso
Kusarudza mvura yakakodzera yekufambisa mota kunotanga nekuziva rudzi rwemagetsi aunoshandisa, kutevedzera zvinodiwa nemugadziri, uye kunzwisisa mitemo yakaita seAPI GL yekufambisa mota nemaoko/mavhiri ese kana Dexron/Mercon yemagetsi anofambisa otomatiki, pamwe chete nemvura chaiyo yeCVTs neDCTs. Usakwezvwa nyore nyore nezvinodavirwa nevanhu vose; teerera kusimba kwemafuta nerudzi rwemafuta epasi, uye usazvisanganisa zvisina hanya. Nekusarudza kwakakodzera uye kugara uchigadzirisa, magetsi ako anogona kufamba zvakanaka, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kudzivirira kugadzirisa kunodhura.
Kana ukataura nezvemhando, modhi, gore remota, uye rudzi rwegedhi (manual/AT/CVT/DCT), ndinogona kukubatsira kukurudzira marongero akakodzera egedhi.
