Kunzwisisa Zvinoreva Torque Steer paMotokari yeFWD
Mota dzinofambisa mavhiri ekumberi (FWD) dzinozivikanwa nekushanda kwadzo zvakanaka, kupfupika, uye nyore kubata pakushandisa zuva nezuva. Zvisinei, pane chiratidzo chimwe chinowanzo kurukurwa nevanofarira mota nevaridzi vemotokari dzine simba: torque steer. Chiitiko ichi chinogona kukonzera kuti mota "idhonze" dhiraivha kudivi panguva yekumhanyisa mota, kunyanya kana pedal yepeturu yakadzvanywa zvakanyanya. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura kuti torque steer chii, zvikonzero zvayo, kuti inowanzoitika riini, uye kuti ingaderedza sei migumisiro yayo.
Chii chinonzi Torque Steer?
Torque steer itsika yemota ine mavhiri ekumberi (uye dzimwe nguva inodhonza mavhiri ekumberi) yekutsauka kuruboshwe kana kurudyi kana ichimhanya, kunyangwe mutyairi ari kuedza kuchengetedza mutsetse wakatwasuka. Chiratidzo chinonyanya kuonekwa kudhonza vhiri rekumashure kana kunzwa mota ichimhanya kudivi rimwe chete kana injini yakakwira yaiswa pamavhiri ekumberi.
Kudzora mota ne torque steer hazvirevi kuti mota yafa. Zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka semhedzisiro yekugadzirwa uye zvikanganiso zveinjiniya mumotokari ine mavhiri epamberi anoita mabasa maviri: ese ari maviri ekupa simba mota uye kuitungamirira.
Sei Mota Dzine Mavhiri Epamberi Dzichiwanzoita Torque Steer?
Mumota inotyaira nemavhiri ekumashure (RWD), mavhiri ekumberi ndiwo chete ane basa rekutungamira, nepo simba rekutungamira richibva kumavhiri ekumashure. Mumota yeFWD, mavhiri ekumberi anofanira kuita mabasa maviri panguva imwe chete—kutungamira nekutenderera. Kana simba guru rikatumirwa kumavhiri ekumberi, masimba ari pavhiri rega rega anogona kusaenzana. Kana paine kusaenzana musimba rekutyaira rekuruboshwe-kurudyi, mota inowanzo tenderera ichienda kune imwe nzira.
Kana torque yeinjini yakakura (semuenzaniso muinjini yeturbo kana mota yakagadziriswa), mukana wekuti torque steer inzwike wakawanda.
Zvikonzero Zvikuru zveTorque Steer
Kufamba kwemota kunowanzo konzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Heano zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukosha:
1. Musiyano muhurefu hweDriveshaft (Axle)
Mota zhinji dzinotyaira nemavhiri ekumberi dzinoshandisa madhiraivha ekuruboshwe nekururudyi ane hurefu hwakasiyana nekuda kwenzvimbo isina kuenzana yeinjini negearbox. Dhiraivha refu rinowanzo tenderera zvakanyanya kana richishandiswa torque, saka mhinduro yaro yetorque inogona kusiyana zvishoma neyapfupika. Musiyano uyu mukupindura ndiwo unokonzera kuti mota idhonzere parutivi.
Mune dzimwe mota, vagadziri vanodzivisa izvi nekushandisa shaft yepakati kuitira kuti kureba kunoshanda kwema driveshaft ekuruboshwe nerudyi kuve kwakaringana.
2. Kubata Tai rekuruboshwe nererudyi hakuna kufanana
Kana matai ekuruboshwe nerudyi aine simba rakasiyana rekubata—nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwemhepo kwakasiyana, mamiriro emugwagwa asingawirirani, kusakara kwakawanda patai rimwe, kana mhando/zvinhu zvakasiyana—ipapo vhiri rimwe chete richanyanya "kuruma". vhiri rine simba rakanyanya rekubata richawana simba rinoshanda, zvichiita kuti mota ive nenjodzi yekutsauka.
Mamiriro emugwagwa anewo basa: asphalt ine zvigamba, migwagwa ine makomba, nzvimbo dzinotsvedza kune rumwe rutivi, kana zviratidzo zvemugwagwa zvinotsvedza zvinogona kuwedzera simba rekutyaira.
3. Kugoverwa kwehuremu uye Geometry yeKumiswa
Mota dzinotyaira nemavhiri epamberi dzinowanzova nemutoro unorema wevhiri repamberi nekuti injini negetsi zviri pamberi. Panguva yekumhanyisa mota, huremu hunotamiswa kumashure, zvichideredza mutoro uri pamavhiri epamberi. Kana kudzikiswa uku kwehuremu kusina kuenzana (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwemamiriro ekumisikidzwa, kusiyana kwehurefu, kana kurongeka kwemamiriro), mavhiri ekuruboshwe nerudyi anogona kurasikirwa nekukweva zvakasiyana, zvichikonzera kudhonzwa kwedhiraivha.
Maitiro emota dzesuspension, dzakadai secaster, camber, uye toe, anosarudzawo kuti simba rematayi rinoendeswa sei kuchidhiraivho. Kusarongeka zvakanaka kunogona kuwedzera mukana wekuti torque steer iitike.
4. Chiitiko cheDifferential uye Wheel Spin
Kana mota dzichimhanya zvakanyanya, mavhiri epamberi anogona kutenderera nemavhiri. Mumotokari dzine mavhiri akavhurika, torque inowanzo "chinja" kuenda kuvhiri rinonyanya kutsvedza. Kana rimwe vhiri rikatsvedza uye rimwe richiri kudhonzwa, mota inogona kunzwa sekunge iri kudhonzwa kana kuti dhiraivha inogona kutenderera zvishoma nekuda kwekusiyana kwesimba.
Mumota dzine Limited Slip Differential (LSD), kudhonza kwemotokari kunowanzo dzora zvakanyanya, asi torque steer inogona kunzwa "yakasimba" kana kuva nehunhu hwakasiyana nekuda kwekupararira kwetorque kune mavhiri egrippier. Chaizvoizvo, hunhu hwe differential hunokanganisa maitiro "emusango" anoita mavhiri epamberi kana akaiswa pa torque yakakwira.
5. Kuisa Injini uye Kuchinjika paZvikamu
Kusasimba kwekuisa injini kana kuti mabushing akasakara zvinogona kukonzera kuti injini/transmission ifambe panguva yekumhanyisa mota. Kufamba uku kunogona kuchinja angle yekushanda kwedriveshaft kwechinguva, zvichikanganisa kufambiswa kwesimba, uye pakupedzisira zvichikonzera kudhonzwa kwedhiraivha. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumotokari dzekare kana idzo dzinowanzo shandiswa pakumhanyisa mota zvakasimba.
Torque Steer inonyanya kuonekwa riini?
Kufamba kwemota kunonyanya kuoneka mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
1. Kumhanyisa mota zvizere mugiya rakaderera (giya rekutanga kana rechipiri), kunyanya mumota dzine turbo dzine torque yakakura pakufamba kwepakati.
2. Mugwagwa hauna kuenzana kana kuti pamusoro pawo pasiyana pakati pemativi ekuruboshwe nerudyi.
3. Paunenge uchibuda pakona, shandisa gasi rakawanda, nekuti mavhiri epamberi ari kutenderera uye torque inotamiswa panguva imwe chete.
4. Mota dzinofamba nesimba dzine matayi akajairwa (matayi akatetepa kana kuti asina kunamira zvakanyanya), saka kutenderera kwemavhiri kunoitika zviri nyore.
5. Mota dzakagadziriswa: Kugadziriswazve kweECU, kuvandudzwa kweturbo, kana kuwedzera torque nekukurumidza pasina kudhonzwa kana kuvandudzwa kwesuspension.
Kutyaira Kwemotokari Kune Ngozi Here?
Kazhinji torque steer haina njodzi kana mutyairi akagadzirira uye mota iri mumamiriro akanaka. Zvisinei, zvinogona kuva dambudziko rekuchengetedza kana:
- zvakaitika kamwe kamwe panguva yekupfuura,
- mugwagwa unotsvedza,
- mutyairi anotya obva agadzirisa zvakanyanya chidhiraivho,
– kana kuti mota inotenderera zvakanyanya zvekuti zvinonetsa kuchengetedza gwara remotokari.
Mumota dzemazuva ano, nzira dzekutonga kudhonzwa kwemotokari (TCS), nzira dzekudzivirira kugadzikana (ESC), uye nzira dzemagetsi dzekuchinja mavhiri dzinobatsira kuderedza dambudziko iri nekudzora kutenderera kwemavhiri uye kuderedza torque kana zvichidikanwa.
Maitiro Ekuderedza Torque Steer
Haugone kuzvibvisa zvachose nguva dzose, asi unogona kuderedza simba razvo zvakanyanya:
1. Iva nechokwadi chekuti matai ari mumamiriro akanaka uye akaenzana.
- Shandisa matai ekuruboshwe nerudyi ane maitiro akafanana.
- Tarisa kuti pressure yetai yakafanana here.
- Tenderedza matai nguva dzose uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana mabumps kana kusakara zvisina kuenzana.
2. Ita kuti vhiri rienderane uye tarisa kumiswa kwaro
Kurongeka zvakanaka kunobatsira mavhiri "kutevedza" zvakanaka uye kunoderedza katsika kekudhonza kwemotokari. Tarisawo:
- tsvimbo yekusunga,
- bhora rekubatana,
- ruoko rwebushing,
- zvinobvisa kuvhunduka,
nekuti zvinhu zvakasakara zvinogona kukanganisa torque steer.
3. Teererai pane chinoiswa injini uye chinoiswa mudhiraivha
Kana chidhiraivho chikatanga kunzwa sekunge chiri kudhonzwa nguva nenguva kunyangwe matai acho nekurongeka zvakanaka, tarisa:
– zvinosungirirwa muinjini/zvinosungirirwa pakutumira,
- CV joint,
- mamiriro emuchina wekutyaira.
Zvinhu zvisina kusimba kana kuti zvakasakara zvinogona kukonzera mhinduro isingaenderane ne torque yaunotumira.
4. Kukwidziridzwa Kwesimba Nekusiyana (Kune Vanofarira/Vagadzirisi)
Kune avo vari kuwedzera simba, funga nezve:
- matai akafara kana kuti zvinhu zvinonamira,
– LSD (yemakanika kana yemagetsi, zvichienderana nepuratifomu),
- gadziriro iri nani yekumisikidza.
Izvi hazvingoiti kuti mota ikurumidze chete, asiwo zvive nyore kudzora kana torque yakakwira.
5. Matekiniki Ekutyaira
– Dzivisa kutsika gasi kamwe kamwe panzvimbo dzinotsvedza kana dzine maburi.
– Bata chidhiraivho zvakasimba panguva yekumhanyisa mota zvine simba.
– Kana mota ikatanga kudhonza, gadzirisa zvinyoro nyoro (usanyanya kugadzirisa).
Mhedziso
Torque steer inyaya yakajairika mumotokari dzinotyaira mavhiri epamberi apo kumhanya kwakanyanya uye torque zvinokonzera kusawirirana musimba rekutyaira pakati pemavhiri ekuruboshwe nerudyi. Chikonzero chinowanzo kuve musanganiswa wekusiyana kwehurefu hwedriveshaft, kubatwa kwematayi kusina kuenzana, chimiro chekumisikidzwa, hunhu hwakasiyana, uye kunyange mamiriro ekuisa injini. Chiitiko ichi chinowanzoitika, kunyanya mumotokari dzinotyaira mavhiri epamberi dzine simba kana dzakagadziriswa.
Nekugadzirisa matai nemasipiyumu zvakanaka, zvikamu zvine hutano zvekutyaira, uye matekiniki ekutyaira akakodzera, torque steer inogona kuderedzwa, zvichiita kuti mota igare yakasununguka uye yakachengeteka. Pakupedzisira, kunzwisisa torque steer kunobatsira vatyairi kugadzirira zviri nani hunhu hwemotokari inodhonzwa nemavhiri ekumberi—uye kunakidzwa nekushanda kwayo nekudzora kwakanyanya.
