Kuchengetedzwa Kwemishonga Panguva Yekuyamwisa
Kuyamwisa kunozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvibatsiro zvakawanda, kuvacheche naamai. Kubva pakusimbisa dziviriro yemuviri wemwana kusvika pakusimbisa hukama pakati paamai nemwana, kukosha kwako hakugone kupfuudzwa zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, vanaamai vanoyamwisa vanowanzosangana nedambudziko rekushandisa mishonga panguva yekuyamwisa. Kunetseka nezvekuendeswa kwemishonga kumukaka wezamu, mukana wekushandiswa kwemwana, uye migumisiro inotevera kunoda kutariswa zvakanyanya. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa kuchengetedzeka kwemishonga panguva yekuyamwisa, chichipa gwara kune nyanzvi dzehutano naamai vanoyamwisa zvakafanana.
Kunzwisisa Kutamisirwa Kwemishonga Kumukaka Wezamu
Physiological Factors
Kunzwisisa kufamba kwemishonga mumukaka wezamu kunosanganisira kuongorora zvinhu zviri mumuviri. Mishonga inopfuura nemuma membrane ezamu anopindika zvishoma kuburikidza nekupararira kweropa. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinopesvedzera kutapurirana uku, zvinosanganisira:
1. Kurema kweMolecular: Mamorekuru madiki ane mukana mukuru wekupinda mumukaka wezamu.
2. Kunyungudika kwemafuta: Mishonga inonyungudika nemafuta inochinjika nyore nyore mumukaka, tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwayo hwemafuta akawanda.
3. Kusunga Mapuroteni: Mishonga yakabatana nemapuroteni eplasma haiwanzo pinda mumukaka wezamu.
4. Mazinga epH: Hunhu hwemukaka wemunhu hune asidhi shoma kana huchienzaniswa neplasma hunogona kukanganisa kutamiswa kwezvigadziko zvisina simba mumukaka.
Chiyero chemukaka nePlasma (M/P)
Chiyero cheM/P chakakosha pakuona kuti mushonga unopinzwa sei mumukaka wezamu. Ichi chiyero chinoenzanisa huwandu hwemushonga uri mumukaka nehuwandu huri muplasma yaamai. Chiyero cheM/P chinopfuura chimwe chinoratidza kutapurirana kwakakosha, nepo chiyero cheM/P chiri pasi pechimwe chinoratidza kutapurirana kushoma.
Mapoka eKuchengetedzwa kweMishonga
Zvikamu zveNjodzi dzeKuyamwisa
Sezvo kunzwisisa kuchengetedzeka kwemishonga mukuyamwisa kuchida kunzwisisa mhando dzenjodzi dzakatarwa, zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita seThomas Hale's Medicines and Mothers' Milk uye LactMed database, zvinoisa mishonga mumapoka zvichienderana nenjodzi yayo kumwana anoyamwisa:
1. L1 (Yakachengeteka): Mishonga yakaongororwa zvakanyanya mukuyamwisa, zvichiratidza kuti njodzi yacho haina kunyanya kuipa. Semuenzaniso, acetaminophen nepenicillin.
2. L2 (Yakachengeteka): Zvidzidzo zvishoma zviripo, kunyangwe pasina humbowo hunoratidza kukuvadzwa kukuru. Mienzaniso inosanganisira ibuprofen nemamwe maSSRI.
3. L3 (Yakachengeteka Zvishoma Nezvishoma): Hapana zvidzidzo zvinodzorwa mumadzimai anoyamwisa, asi njodzi yacho haiwanzoitiki kana kuti iri nyore. Inosanganisira mimwe mishonga mitsva yekuderedza kushungurudzika.
4. L4 (Zvingangove Nengozi): Mishonga inogona kuva nengozi apo njodzi yacho ingapfuura mabhenefiti. Semuenzaniso, lithium.
5. L5 (Hazvina kurambidzwa): Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza njodzi huru, hazvibvumidzwe panguva yekuyamwisa. Mimwe mishonga yekurapa chemotherapy imuenzaniso.
Mishonga Yakajairika uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwayo
Analgesics
Kurerutsira marwadzo chinhu chinodiwa naamai vanoyamwisa, kunyanya mushure mekusununguka. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) inowanzoonekwa seyakachengeteka, uye kuiswa kwayo mumukaka wezamu hakukoshi. Ibuprofen, NSAID, inoratidzawo njodzi shoma nekuda kwekuiswa kwemukaka mudiki uye kuchengetedzeka kwakanaka muvana vacheche.
Zvisinei, kushandisa mishonga yeopioid kwenguva refu kunofanira kuitwa nekungwarira. Mishonga yakaita semorphine necodeine inogona kuiswa mumukaka wezamu uye yakabatana nekunyaradza vana vacheche uye kunyange kushushikana kwekufema mune dzimwe nguva.
Antibiotics
Mishonga yakawanda inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakachengeteka kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi. Mapenicillin, cephalosporins, uye macrolides anongopinda zvishoma mumukaka wezamu uye anonzi akachengeteka. Tetracyclines, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji yakachengeteka pakudya kwenguva pfupi, inofanira kushandiswa nokungwarira nekuda kwenjodzi dzepfungwa dzekuti mazino anogona kusvibiswa nemazino evacheche.
Antidepressants
Kushungurudzika mushure mekusununguka idambudziko guru, uye vakadzi vazhinji vanoda mishonga. Mishonga inodzivirira kubatwa kweserotonin (SSRIs) yakadai sesertraline neparoxetine inoonekwa seyakachengeteka nekuda kwekusatapurirana kwemukaka uye kusakanganisa kwakanyanya pavacheche. Mishonga mitsva inoderedza kushungurudzika inofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Antihypertensives
Kudzora BP mumadzimai ari kuyamwisa kunoda kusarudzwa kwemishonga nekungwarira. Mishonga inodzivisa BP yakaita selabetalol nepropranolol inobviswa zvishoma uye kazhinji haina njodzi. Mishonga inodzivirira ACE, kunyanya iyo ine hafu yehupenyu hurefu, inoda kufungwa nezvayo zvakanyanya uye dzimwe nzira dzakadai seenalapril kana captopril dzinoshandiswa.
Mishonga yekudzivirira uye Mishonga yekudzivirira muviri
Kubaya majekiseni kunowanzo kurudzirwa, kunze kwekubaiwa majekiseni mhenyu akadai seyellow fever, iyo inogona kunge iine njodzi yekufungidzira. Kazhinji, majekiseni haakanganisi vana vanoyamwisa. Mishonga yekudzivirira muviri inosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye inofanira kusanganisira ongororo yakakwana yengozi nerubatsiro.
Nhungamiro Inoshanda yeVanaamai Vanoyamwisa
Consulting Healthcare Providers
Kutaurirana kunobudirira pakati pavanaamai vanoyamwisa nevanoona nezveutano kwakakosha. Vasati vatanga kushandisa chero mushonga, vanaamai vanofanira kuzivisa vana vavo nezvekuyamwisa. Kusiyana neizvi, mishonga inogamuchira mukaka wemuzamu inowanzosarudzwa mushure mekubvunza vanhu vane ruzivo rwakavimbika uye dhatabhesi.
Maitiro Ekutora Nguva uye Kuyera Dosage
1. Isai mwana panguva yemukaka mushoma: Kutora mushonga mushure mekuyamwisa kana kuti mwana asati arara kwenguva refu kunogona kuderedza mukana wekuti mwana awane mukaka wakaderera.
2. Maitiro Ekushanda Nenguva Pfupi: Pose pazvinogoneka, kushandisa mishonga ine hafu yehupenyu hupfupi kunoderedza nguva yekuvapo kwemushonga mumukaka.
3. Kutarisa Maitiro Emwana Mucheche: Chero migumisiro yakaipa mumwana, yakadai sekuchinja kwemaitiro ekudyisa, maitiro, kana hutano, inofanira kukurudzira rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukurumidza.
Dzimwe Nzira Dzisiri dzeMishonga
Madzimai anoyamwisa anogona kufunga nezvedzimwe nzira dzisiri dzemishonga kana zvichibvira. Semuenzaniso, kurapwa kwemuviri kwekuderedza marwadzo, kuchinja zvekudya kwezvinetso zveutano zvisina kunyanya kuoma, uye kupa mazano ehutano hwepfungwa dzimwe nguva zvinogona kutsigira kudiwa kwemishonga.
mhedziso
Kufamba nenzira yakaoma yekuchengetedzwa kwemishonga panguva yekuyamwisa kwakaoma asi kwakakosha. Nekunzwisisa nzira dzekutapurirana mishonga, kubvunza nyanzvi dzine simba, uye kushandisa nguva yakakodzera uye dosing, vanaamai vanoyamwisa vanogona kuramba vachishandisa mishonga inokosha vasina njodzi yakawanda kuvana vavo. Nheyo huru inoramba iri yekutaurirana kwakasimba uye kutonga kwakanyatsonaka. Kushandisa nzira yakaringana kunoita kuti vanaamai vawane kurapwa kwakakodzera pasina kukanganisa hutano hwevana vavo vanoyamwisa.
