Nhanganyaya kuMakore seZviratidzo zveMamiriro ekunze
Makore haasi kungoonekwa seakapfava mudenga. Iwo zviratidzo zvakadzama zvemamiriro ekunze, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha kune vanoongorora mamiriro ekunze, vanofamba nendege, vafambisi vengarava, uye vanofarira zvekunze zvakafanana. Kunzwisisa basa remakore mukufanotaura mamiriro ekunze kunogona kubatsira zvikuru, kungave kuri kuronga rwendo rwekupera kwevhiki kana kungoda kuziva nezvezvisikwa. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mhando, hunhu, uye kukosha kwemakore sezviratidzo zvemamiriro ekunze.
Mhando dzeMakore
Makore anogona kupatsanurwa kuita mhando nhatu huru zvichienderana nekukwirira kwawo: makore epamusoro, epakati, uye akaderera. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe runopa ruzivo rwakasiyana nezvemamiriro ekunze.
Makore Marefu (Anopfuura mamita 20,000)
1. Makore eCirrus: Aya makore matete, anoshamisa anowanzoonekwa mumamiriro ekunze akanaka. Zvisinei, kuvapo kwemakore ecirrus kunogona kuratidza shanduko mumamiriro ekunze, sezvo achiwanzotangira nguva inodziya neawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana nemasere. Paunoona makore ecirrus, kuchenjera kugadzirira kuchinja kunogona kuitika mumamiriro ekunze.
2. Makore eCirrostratus: Makore aya anofukidza denga nejira rakatetepa, rakaita semukaka uye anowanzoita kuti pave nechiedza chakakomberedza zuva kana mwedzi. Kuvapo kwawo kunoratidza kuti kumberi kunodziya, pamwe nemvura inonaya, kunogona kunge kuri kuuya.
3. Makore eCirrocumulus: Akafanana nezvidimbu zvidiki zvichena, makore aya anoonekwa muchimiro chedenga remackerel. Kunyange zvazvo asingawanzoitiki, kuvapo kwawo kunogona kuratidza mamiriro ekunze asina kugadzikana mumhepo yepamusoro, iyo dzimwe nguva inobatanidzwa nemadutu emvura inopisa.
Makore epakati (6,500 kusvika 20,000 tsoka)
1. Makore eAltostratus: Makore aya egrey kana bhuruu-grey anowanzo fukidza denga rese dutu risati rasvika nekunaya kwemvura nguva dzose. Anowanzo tungamira kunaya kwemvura kana sinou nguva dzose.
2. Makore eAltocumulus: Makore aya anoonekwa semavanga machena kana kuti machena uye dzimwe nguva anogona kuratidza kuti kune mabhanan'ana. Makore eAltocumulus anogona kuuya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, asi chitarisiko chawo chine mafungu, chakakombama chinopa chipo.
Makore Mashoma (Kusvika pamamita 6,500)
1. Makore eStratus: Aya makore akafanana, akaita segrey anowanzo fukidza denga rese. Anogona kuunza mhute yakajeka kana mvura uye kuita kuti denga rionekwe serima, rakafukidzwa.
2. Makore eStratocumulus: Makore aya anoonekwa ari munzvimbo dzine zvigamba, ane mapundu, uye anogona kuratidza mamiriro ekunze akanaka munguva yechando kana kuti kutonhora munguva yezhizha.
3. Makore eNimbostratus: Makore akakora uye akasviba, aya makore anobatanidzwa nemvura inonaya nguva dzose kana sinou. Anowanzo vhara denga, zvichiita kuti pave nemhepo inorota, yakanyorova nemvura.
Makore ane Kukura Kwakamira
1. Makore eCumulus: Makore machena anozivikanwa, ane hwaro hwakati sandara uye shongwe dzakatenderera anogona kuratidza mamiriro ekunze akanaka. Zvisinei, kana akareba uye akasviba, anogona kutungamira kumakore ecumulonimbus anonaya.
2. Makore eCumulonimbus: Anozivikanwa semakore emabhanan'ana, aya maumbirwo makuru, marefu anobatanidzwa nemamiriro ekunze akaoma akadai semabhanan'ana, mvura yakawanda, chimvuramabwe, uye kunyange madutu. Kuvapo kwawo chiratidzo chakasimba chemamiriro ekunze asina kugadzikana.
Basa reMakore mukufanotaura kweMamiriro ekunze
Nyanzvi dzezvemamiriro ekunze dzinovimba nemakore kuti dzifanotaura mamiriro ekunze kwenguva pfupi. Nekutarisa marudzi emakore, mapatani, uye mafambiro, vanowana ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemamiriro ekunze ari kuuya. Semuenzaniso, kuoneka kwemakore ecirrus ari munzvimbo dzakakwirira kunogona kuita kuti nyanzvi dzezvemamiriro ekunze dzifanotaura kuti mvura iri kudziya iri kuuya, zvichikonzera kunaya kwemvura munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Padanho repamusoro-soro, masateliti ane masisitimu epamusoro ekufungidzira makore. Matekinoroji aya anobvumira kutarisa maumbirwo emakore panguva chaiyo, zvichipa data rakakosha remamodheru emamiriro ekunze. Ruzivo rwunowanikwa kubva mumifananidzo iyi runobatsira vanoongorora mamiriro ekunze kuti vafanotaura nemazvo nezvemadutu, shanduko yekupisa, uye kunaya kwemvura.
Sainzi Iri Kumashure Kwemakore Sezviratidzo
Makore anoumbwa kuburikidza nekubatana kwakaoma kwekupisa, hunyoro, uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo. Kana mhepo inodziya yakwira, inotonhorera yosvika padanho redova, zvichiita kuti mhute yemvura iite madonhwe madiki kana makristaro echando, zvichigadzira makore. Rudzi rwegore runoumbwa runoenderana nekukwirira uye mamiriro chaiwo emhepo aripo panguva iyoyo.
Semuenzaniso, makore emhando yakaderera anowanikwa mumhepo yakadzikama uko kufamba kwakamira kushoma, zvichikonzera madota asi mamiriro ekunze akadzikama. Kune rumwe rutivi, makore ecumulus necumulonimbus anoumbwa mumhepo isina kugadzikana uko mhepo inodziya, ine hunyoro inokwira nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana uye kunaya kwemvura kakawanda.
Applications Applications
Kunzwisisa maumbirwo emakore uye zvazvinoreva kunogona kushanda zvikuru:
1. Kufamba nendege: Vatyairi vendege vanoongorora marudzi emakore kuti vaone kutenderera, kuronga nzira dzekubhururuka, uye kutarisira shanduko dzemamiriro ekunze. Semuenzaniso, makore ecumulonimbus anoratidza kukwira kwakasimba kwemhepo uye kudonha kwemhepo, zvichiita kuti ive nengozi pakubhururuka.
2. Gungwa: Vafambisi vengarava nevafambisi vezvikepe vanovimba nekutarisa makore kuti vafanotaura madutu uye vafambe zvakanaka. Makore akakwirira e-cirrus, semuenzaniso, anogona kunyevera nezvemberi dziri kusvika, zvichipa vafambisi vengarava nguva yekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze ane njodzi.
3. Kurima: Varimi vanoshandisa ongororo dzemakore kuronga kudiridza, kukohwa, nezvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha. Kuziva kutanga kwemakore e-nimbostratus kunogona kuvabatsira kugadzirira mvura, kuchengetedza zvirimwa uye kuwedzera goho.
4. Kushandiswa Kwezuva Nezuva: Kunyangwe kune vanongotarisa, kuziva mhando dzemakore kunogona kusimudzira kuronga kwekunze. Kuziva makore eAltostratus paunenge uchironga pikiniki kunogona kukukurudzira kutakura amburera kana kusarudza rimwe zuva.
mhedziso
Makore haasi kungoshongedza denga chete; ndiwo maratidziro makuru emamiriro ekunze. Kubva kumhepo ine chando chakakwirira kusvika kumamiriro akaderera uye makore marefu ecumulonimbus, chimiro chimwe nechimwe chinotaura nyaya yemamiriro emhepo aripo iye zvino uye ramangwana rayo ringangoitika. Nekudzidza kuverenga zviratidzo izvi, tinogona kufamba zviri nani muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, kungave panyika, mugungwa, kana mumhepo. Saka nguva inotevera paunotarisa mudenga, tora nguva yekuonga makore. Anogona kunge achikuudza zvekutarisira zvinotevera.
