Mashandiro anoita michina yekufuridza umhutu
Kubvisa mhutu ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kudzora hutachiona kana paine kuwanda kwezvirwere zvakaita sedengue fever (DHF), chikungunya, kana Zika. Munzvimbo zhinji dzekugara, mabasa ekudzima mhute akafanana nemakore matema eutsi anopararira mumigwagwa, mumagadheni, uye muzvivanze. Zvisinei, shure kwe "utsi" kune maitiro anonakidza emakanika uye emakemikari: muchina wekudzima mhute wakagadzirwa kushandura mushonga wezvipembenene kuita mhute yemadonhwe akanaka kwazvo anogona kuyangarara uye kusvika kunzvimbo dzekuvanda dzeumhutu hukuru.
Chinyorwa chino chinotaura mashandiro anoita michina yekubvisa mhombwe, zvinhu zvikuru zvinoiumba, misimboti yekuumbwa kwemhombwe, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, uye zvinhu zvinosarudza kushanda kwekubvisa mhombwe mumunda.
Chii chinonzi muchina we fogging?
Muchina wekufemesa chinhu chinoburitsa mhute inouraya zvipembenene muchimiro che micro-aerosol. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekuuraya umhutu hwakura (hunouraya vanhu vakuru), kwete honye. Nokudaro, mhute inowanzo shandiswa senzira yekukurumidzira yekupwanya ketani yekutapurirana kana huwandu hweumhutu hwakura hwawanda, semuenzaniso, kana paine chirwere chedengue fever munzvimbo.
Kazhinji, kune mhando mbiri dzakakurumbira dzetekinoroji ye fogging:
1. Chinodziya (chinopisa/chinokora chine utsi): chinoburitsa mhute chichishandisa kupisa kwakanyanya kubva mumafuta ari kutsva.
2. Chinotonhora cheULV (Ultra Low Volume, chinotonhora): chinogadzira mhute isina kutsva, kazhinji chichishandisa mota yemagetsi kana injini diki ine atomization/air blowing system.
Mumunda, chinhu chinonyanya kuonekwa munzvimbo dzekugara imhepo inopisa, nekuti inogadzira utsi hwakakora hunopararira nekukurumidza.
Nheyo huru: kushandura mvura kuita mhute
Kuti mushonga wezvipembenene ushande zvakanaka mukuuraya umhutu hwakura, mvura yacho inofanira kuderedzwa kuita madonhwe madiki. Hukuru hwemadonhwe hunoratidza kana aerosol inogona kugara kwenguva yakareba kuti ipinde mumakwenzi, pasi pemakwenzi, kana munzvimbo dzine rima—uko umhutu hunozorora.
– Kana madonhwe acho akakura zvakanyanya, mvura yacho inodonha pasi nekukurumidza uye inongonyorova chete isina kubata zvakanyanya neumhutu.
– Kana madonhwe ari madiki zvakanyanya, mhute inogona kutakurwa nemhepo zviri nyore uye kupararira zvisingadzoreki, kana kuti kuwanda kwemvura munzvimbo yauri kuda kudonha kushoma.
Zvipfukuto zvinopisa zvinowanzoburitsa madonhwe madiki anoonekwa seutsi hwakakora huchena (kwete utsi hwakachena, asi aerosol yemushonga wezvipembenene + solvent inoungana).
Zvikamu zvikuru zvemuchina wekupisa fogging
Kunyange zvazvo mhando nemamodeli zvakasiyana, ma "thermal foggers" ane zvikamu zvakakosha zvinoshanda zvakafanana:
1. Tangi remafuta
Kazhinji ine peturu kana dhiziri (zvichienderana neinjini). Mafuta aya anopiswa kuti abudise kupisa nekumanikidzwa kunodiwa.
2. Kamuri rekupisa
Kunotsva mafuta. Kupisa kunogadzira magasi anopisa, ane kumanikidzwa anoyerera nemumapaipi/mubhareri reinjini.
3. Coil/igniter uye starter system
Kubatidza moto. Mamwe mamodheru anoshandisa chinhu chinobatidza moto nemaoko (pombi/chinhu chinotanga moto nemaoko) kana sisitimu yemagetsi.
4. Tangi remushonga wezvipembenene
Ine musanganiswa wezvipembenene nezvinonyungudutsa (kazhinji mafuta/zvinonyungudutsa). Kubva mutangi iri, mvura inoyerera ichienda kumuromo.
5. Vharuvhu/pombi yekudzora kuyerera kwemvura
Inodzora kuti mushonga unoburitswa wakawanda sei paminiti. Izvi zvakakosha pakuita kuti pave nechiyero chakakodzera uye huwandu hwemvura.
6. Muromo (muromo wekupfapfaidza)
Apa ndipo panopinzwa mushonga mumhepo inopisa. Mushonga uyu unosarudza maitiro ekupfapfaidza uye huwandu hwemvura.
7. Pombi/bhareri (chubhu yeresonator)
Chikamu ichi chinoburitsa gasi rinopisa, rine kumanikidzwa uye chinobatsira kugadzira "pulse jet" pamimwe michina, zvichimanikidza mhute kubuda nesimba.
Mashandiro anoita thermal fogger nhanho nhanho
Heino nzira iri nyore yekushanda inotevedzera misimboti yehunyanzvi:
1. Injini inotanga uye moto unotanga.
Mushandisi anotungidza injini, zvichiita kuti mafuta apfute mukamuri rinopisa. Kupisa uku kunoburitsa magasi anopisa, ane simba guru.
2. Gasi rinopisa rinoyerera nemupombi
Magasi anopisa anofamba nekukurumidza mubhare reinjini. Mune mamwe magadzirirwo, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo (pulses) kunoitika, izvo zvinoburitsa ruzha rwakasiyana rweinjini: ruzha runonzwika.
3. Mushonga wezvipembenene unodururwa mumuromo
Mushandisi anovhura vharuvhu yemhinduro. Mhinduro inobva mutangi rezvipembenene inoyerera nemupaipi ichienda kumuromo.
4. Mhinduro yacho inosangana negasi rinopisa uye inoiswa atomu.
Pamuromo wemuromo, mushonga wacho "unopinzwa" mumhepo inopisa. Nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, chinhu chinonyungudutsa chiri mumushonga uyu chinopera nekukurumidza, chichipwanya mvura kuita madonhwe madiki.
5. Mafomu emhute
Musanganiswa wacho paunobuda mupombi wosangana nemhepo inotonhorera yekunze, utsi hwemvura inonyungudika hunobatana kuita aerosol yakanaka. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita semhute chena yakakora.
6. Mhute inopararira uye inosangana neumhutu hwakura
Mhute inodonha yopinda munzvimbo dzine mumvuri/unyoro. Umhutu hwakura hunobatwa nemadonhwe ezvipembenene hunodonha hwofa, zvichienderana nechinhu chinoshanda uye huwandu hwacho.
Basa rezvinonyungudutsa uye nei utsi huchiita sehwakakora
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti kana utsi hwakakora, ndipo panonyanya kushanda fog. Zvisinei, fog cruise inowanzo kanganiswa nerudzi rwe solvent uye mamiriro ekunze, kwete chete kushanda kwemushonga wezvipembenene.
– Zvinonyungudutsa zvinobva mumafuta (kana zvimwe zvinonyungudutsa) zvinowanzo buritsa mhute "inoonekwa" zvakanyanya.
– Tembiricha yemhepo, hunyoro, uye mhepo zvinokanganisawo kana mhute ichiita seyakakora kana kuti inokurumidza kupera.
Chinonyanya kukosha pakushanda zvakanaka ihukuru hwemadonhwe, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoshanda, huwandu hwekushandiswa, uye nzvimbo inofukidza utsi, kwete kungoonekwa kweutsi chete.
Muchidimbu, mashandiro anoita ULV (cold fog)
Kunze kwezvinodzivirira kupisa, kunewo michina yeULV, iyo inowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzakavharirwa kana kushandiswa kwakanangana zvakanyanya. ULV inoshanda isina kupiswa, kazhinji ne:
– Mota iyi inoburitsa mhepo ine simba kana kuti inoshandisa rotary atomizer system.
– Mushonga wezvipembenene unopatsanurwa kuita madonhwe madiki nesimba remuchina (kwete kupisa).
– Vhoriyamu inoburitswa idiki kwazvo (vhoriyamu yakaderera zvakanyanya) asi saizi yemadonhwe yakagadzirirwa kuyangarara.
Zvakanakira ULV: inonyanya kukodzera kudzora dose uye haiburitse utsi hwemoto. Zvisinei, kupararira kwayo kunoenderana zvikuru nemhepo inoyerera uye nzira yekushanda nayo.
Zvinhu zvinosarudza kubudirira kwebvudzi
Muchina wakanaka hazvirevi kuti unongoerekana waita mhute. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha mubasa iri ndeizvi:
1. Nguva yekushandisa
Utunga hweAedes (chinokonzera dengue fever) hunonyanya kushanda mangwanani nemanheru. Kusviba kunowanzo shanda zvakanyanya munguva idzi, tichifunga nezvemhepo nekupisa.
2. Mhepo inomhanyisa
Mhepo ine simba inoita kuti mhute ipararire nekukurumidza uye inodzivirira kuti isagare panzvimbo yainenge yanangwa. Mhepo ine simba shoma kusvika iri pakati nepakati ndiyo yakanaka.
3. Maitiro ekupfapfaidza uye kufukidza
Varidzi vemapurazi vanofanira kunanga nzvimbo dzekuzororera umhutu: makwenzi, pasi pemiti, nzvimbo dzine rima, uye dzakakomberedza dzimba. Kuenda kwepfapfaidzo, daro, uye kumhanya kwekufamba zvinokanganisa huwandu hwemvura inopararira.
4. Chipimo uye kugadzirwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene
Kusasanganiswa zvakanaka kunogona kukonzera mhute shoma kana njodzi huru kunharaunda. Mushonga wacho (EC, ULV, wakagadzirwa nemafuta) unofanirwa kukodzera muchina wacho uye kushandiswa kwawo.
5. Kudzivirira umhutu
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, umhutu hunogona kuramba zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda. Kana kuramba kuchiri kushanda, kushanda kwemhute kunoderera, kunyangwe mhute ikaita seinokora.
6. Kusviba hakusi mhinduro yenguva refu
Nekuti inorwisa umhutu hwakura, kusviba hakubvisi tsime remakonye eumhutu. Pasina matanho ekubvisa matendere eumhutu (PSN), akadai sekudhonza mvura, kufukidza, uye kudzokorodza/kuviga zvinhu zvakamboshandiswa, huwandu hwawo hunogona kuwedzera nekukurumidza.
Mhedziso
Michina yekufurira umhutu inoshandura mushonga wezvipembenene kuita mhute ye micro-aerosol inogona kuyangarara, kupararira, uye kunanga umhutu hukuru munzvimbo dzakavanda. Mhute dzinopisa dzinoburitsa mhute nekupinza mushonga uyu mumhepo inopisa, iyo inoungana painobuda mumhepo. Kushanda kwemhute kunotsamira musanganiswa wezvinhu: saizi yemadonhwe, chiyero, nzira yekushandisa, mamiriro emhepo, nguva, uye kuramba kweumhutu. Nokudaro, mhute inofanira kuonekwa semhinduro inokurumidza, nepo kudzivirira kwekutanga kuchiramba kwakatarisana nekudzora manyuko ekuberekera umhutu.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kuwedzera chikamu chidiki pamusoro pekuti "maitiro ekuchengetedza muchina wefogging" kana "nhungamiro dzekuchengetedza uye PPE dzefogging" kuti chinyorwa chive chakakwana uye chinoshanda.
