Musiyano uripo pakati peHalogen nemwenje dze LED
Pengantar
Munguva dzazvino, mwenje wekugadzira chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kuwanda kwesarudzo dzehunyanzvi hwemwenje kunobvumira vatengi kusarudza zvichienderana nezvavanoda uye zvavanoda. Pakati pemhando dzakawanda dzemwenje, mwenje we halogen ne LED (Light Emitting Diode) unoonekwa sesarudzo mbiri dzakakurumbira. Kunyange zvazvo ese ari maviri aine zvakanakira zvawo, musiyano mukuru pakati pawo unogona kuva chinhu chinoita kuti pave nesarudzo dzekutenga. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora musiyano uripo pakati pemwenje we halogen ne LED zvakadzama kubva pamaonero akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kushandisa simba zvakanaka, hupenyu hwemwenje, mhando yemwenje, kukanganisa nharaunda, uye mutengo.
Nhoroondo uye Nheyo dzeKushanda
Mwenje weHalogen
Marambi eHalogen akagadzirwa muna 1955 senzira yekuvandudza marambi echinyakare eincandescent. Anoshanda nenzira yakafanana nemarambi eincandescent. Filament yetungsten inoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya, ichiburitsa chiedza nekupisa filament kusvika yapenya. Mumarambi ehalogen, filament inochengetwa mukapusule kadiki kane gasi rehalogen, senge iodine kana bromine. Gasi iri rinobatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwefilament nekugonesa kutenderera kwehalogen-tungsten, umo tungsten inobviswa kubva mufilament inodzoserwa pafilament, zvichideredza kupera.
Mwenje dze LED
Mwenje we LED inyaya itsva yemazuva ano, ine shanduko huru mumakore gumi apfuura. Ma LED anogadzira chiedza kuburikidza nemaitiro e electroluminescence. Kana magetsi emagetsi achipinda nepakati pe semiconductor, maerekitironi ari mu semiconductor material anofamba uye anobonderana ne "maburi" ane positive-charged, achigadzira ma photon, kana chiedza. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira kushandurwa kwesimba remagetsi kuita chiedza nekushanda kwakanyanya uye pasina kudiwa kwe incandescent filament.
Efisiensi Energi
Imwe yemisiyano inonyanya kuoneka pakati pemarambi e halogen ne LED ndeyekushandisa simba zvakanaka. Marambi e LED anoshandisa simba zvakanyanya kupfuura marambi e halogen.
Mwenje weHalogen
Marambi eHalogen, semarambi eincandescent, anogadzira chiedza nekupisa filament kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya. Zvinosuwisa kuti maitiro aya haashande zvakanaka, sezvo simba guru rinoshandiswa rinoshandurwa kuita kupisa, kwete chiedza. Kazhinji, marambi eHalogen ane avhareji yekushanda kweinenge 10-20 lumens pa watt imwe neimwe.
Mwenje dze LED
Kusiyana neizvi, ma LED anoshanda zvakanyanya pakushandura simba remagetsi kuita chiedza. Marambi e LED anogona kugadzira pakati pe80 ne100 lumens pa watt imwe neimwe, kana kutopfuura pazvigadzirwa zvitsva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kushandisa marambi e LED kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne75% kusvika 80% zvichienzaniswa nemarambi e halogen.
Hupenyu hweRambi
Marambi anogara kwenguva refu chinhu chakakosha chinowanzo fungwa nevatengi. Marambi anogara kwenguva refu haadi kutsiviwa kakawanda uye haadi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya.
Mwenje weHalogen
Marambi eHalogen anowanzo gara kwenguva refu kupfuura marambi eincandescent, asi achiri mapfupi kana tichienzanisa nema LED. Kazhinji, marambi eHalogen anogona kugara maawa angangoita 2.000 kusvika 3.000 ekushandiswa.
Mwenje dze LED
Mwenje ye LED inogara kwenguva refu zvikuru, iine avhareji yemaawa ari pakati pe15.000 ne50.000. Mamwe mwenje ye LED yepamusoro-soro anogona kugara kusvika kumaawa 100.000. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwenje we LED mumwe chete unogona kugara kwemakore, kunyangwe ukashandiswa kakawanda zuva nezuva.
Hunhu hweChiedza
Hunhu hwechiedza chinhu chakakosha, kunyanya kune mamwe mashandisirwo akadai semwenje yemukati, uko ruvara nekusimba kwechiedza zvine basa guru.
Mwenje weHalogen
Marambi eHalogen anozivikanwa nekugadzira chiedza chechisikigo uye chinodziya, chakafanana nechemarambi eincandescent. Ruvara rwekuburitsa ruvara (CRI) rwemarambi ehalogen runowanzo kwira zvakanyanya, rwunosvika zana, zvichireva kuti mavara ezvinhu zvakavhenekerwa anoita seakarurama kwazvo. Zvisinei, halogen light spectrum inotarisa yero, iyo inogona kunge iri sarudzo chaiyo yechiedza chemanzwiro.
Mwenje dze LED
Mwenje ye LED ine mukana wekugadzira tembiricha dzakasiyana-siyana dzemavara, kubva pachiedza chinodziya zvikuru (chinenge 2700K) kusvika pachiedza chinotonhorera zvikuru (kusvika 6500K kana kupfuura). Rudzi rwemwenje ye LED rwakakwirawo zvikuru, rwakawanda rwunosvika kana kupfuura 90. Tekinoroji yemazuva ano ye LED yakakunda dambudziko remavara asina kuenzana remamodeli ekutanga, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa kwemwenje.
Environmental Impact
Pakufunga nezvemigumisiro yezvakatipoteredza, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvakaita sekushandiswa kwesimba, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, uye utsi panguva yekugadzira nekurasa.
Mwenje weHalogen
Kunyange halogen mwenje iri nani pane incandescent mwenje kana tichitarisa mashandiro esimba, ichiri kukanganisa nharaunda zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushandisa simba rayo rakawanda. Uyezve, halogen mwenje ine zvinhu zvinoda mari yakawanda kuti igadzire uye haina nzira dzakawanda dzekudzokorodza.
Mwenje dze LED
Mwenje ye LED inochengetedza nharaunda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Kushandiswa kwesimba shoma kunoreva kuderera kwemhepo inotonhorera kubva mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Uyezve, zvikamu zvakawanda zve LED zvinogona kushandiswazve. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kugadzirwa kwe LED kunosanganisira zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki uye maitiro akaomarara, saka pane migumisiro yezvakatipoteredza panguva yekugadzira inofanirwa kufungwa nezvayo.
Mutengo
Mutengo chinhu chikuru chinodiwa nevatengi, uye mutengo uyu haungosanganisiri mutengo wekutenga chete asiwo mari yekushandisa yakadai sekushandisa simba uye kutsiva marambi.
Mwenje weHalogen
Marambi eHalogen anowanzo kudhura zvishoma kutenga pane marambi eLED. Izvi zvinogona kuva mari yekutanga kune vatengi. Zvisinei, nehupenyu hupfupi uye kushanda nesimba kwakaderera, mari yekushandisa marambi eHalogen yakakwira zvakanyanya pane marambi eLED.
Mwenje dze LED
Mutengo wekutanga wemarambi e LED unowanzo kuve wakakwira, asi mari yekushandisa kwawo yakaderera zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushanda kwawo nesimba rakawanda uye hupenyu hwawo hurefu. Nekufamba kwenguva, marambi e LED anowanzo kuve akachipa kushandisa kupfuura marambi e halogen. Uyezve, vamwe vagadziri vanopa vimbiso refu pamarambi e LED, zvichiwedzera kukosha kune vatengi.
Mhedziso
Kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvataurwa, zviri pachena kuti marambi e LED ane mabhenefiti akawanda kupfuura marambi e halogen maererano nekushanda zvakanaka kwesimba, hupenyu hwemarambi, kuchinjika kwechiedza, uye kukanganisa nharaunda. Kunyangwe mutengo wekutanga wemarambi e LED wakakwira, kuchengetedza simba rawo uye kugara kwenguva refu kunoita kuti ave sarudzo inodhura zvishoma munguva refu.
Zvisinei, marambi e halogen achiri kushandiswa zvakananga kana kunaka kwechiedza chechisikigo kuchidikanwa kana kana mutengo wekutanga uri iwo wekufunga kukuru. Nokudaro, kusarudza pakati pemarambi e halogen ne LED kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo, zvido zvemunhu, uye kufunga nezvehupfumi kwenguva refu.
Mabharubhu e halogen nee LED ane nzvimbo yawo munyika yemwenje yemazuva ano, uye kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pezviviri izvi kunogona kubatsira vatengi kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo rwakakwana dzinoenderana nezvavanoda.
