Mwenje Inochengetedza Simba
Pakati pekudiwa kwemagetsi kuri kuwedzera uye ruzivo rweveruzhinji nezvenyaya dzezvakatipoteredza, nyaya yemwenje yemumba ichiri kukosha. Kwemakumi emakore, mababu e-incandescent ave ari sarudzo yakajairika nekuda kwemutengo wawo wakaderera, chiedza chinodziya, uye kuwanikwa kuri nyore. Zvisinei, mababu e-incandescent akajairika anozivikanwa nekunyanya kushandisa simba: magetsi mazhinji aanoshandisa anoshandurwa kuita kupisa, kwete chiedza. Apa ndipo pakabuda pfungwa inoshamisa asi inonakidza: mababu e-incandescent asingashandise simba zvakanyanya. Zvinokwanisika here kuti mababu e-incandescent ave anoshanda zvakanyanya? Ndeapi matekinoroji ari kuaswededza pedyo ne "kushandisa simba zvishoma"? Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora pfungwa, budiriro, zvakanakira, zvisizvo, uye mazano ekusarudza mwenje wakachenjera.
Kunzwisisa Mabhabhu eIncandescent Light uye Nei Achipedza Simba
Mabara anopenya anoshanda nepfungwa iri nyore. Kana magetsi achipfuura nemufilament (inowanzova tungsten), anopisa kusvika apenya uye aburitsa chiedza. Dambudziko nderekuti, filament inopenya inoburitsa simba rakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira infrared radiation, yatinoona sekupisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti simba rakawanda "rinopedzwa" sekupisa, nepo chikamu chidiki chichiva chiedza chinoonekwa.
Kazhinji, kushanda zvakanaka kwemagirobhu echinyakare eincandescent kuri pasi zvakanyanya pane tekinoroji yemazuva ano yemwenje yakaita semaLED. Mhedzisiro yacho inoonekwa zvakajeka mukushandiswa kwemagetsi: kuti awane kupenya kwakatarwa, magirobhu eincandescent anoda simba rakawanda (wattage). Nokudaro, izwi rekuti "magirobhu eincandescent anochengetedza simba" rinowanzoreva kwete magirobhu eincandescent echinyakare, asi kune akasiyana-siyana kana magirobhu "anotaridzika semagirobhu" maererano neruvara rwakajeka uye hunhu, asi achishandisa tekinoroji inoshanda zvakanyanya.
Chii chinorehwa ne "marambi anochengetedza simba"?
Mumusika, izwi iri rinogona kureva zvinhu zvakawanda:
1. Rambi reHalogen (halogen incandescent)
Halogen imhando yemwenje inopenya. Ichiri kushandisa tungsten filament, asi girobhu racho rine gasi re halogen (rakaita seiodine kana bromine) rinotsigira "halogen cycle," zvichiita kuti jira iri rishande pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti rigare kwenguva refu uye chiedza chakajeka chibude pamagetsi akafanana. Zvichienzaniswa nemwenje yemazuva ano inopenya, halogens dzinowanzo shanda zvakanaka, kunyangwe dzichiri kumashure kwema LED.
2. Marambi eIncandescent ane dhizaini inopenya kana tekinoroji yekumonera
Mamwe magadzirirwo matsva anoedza "kudzorera" kupisa kwe infrared kune filament uchishandisa coating yakakosha (infrared coating). Mudzidziso, kupisa kunoratidzwa kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza tembiricha ye filament, zvichida magetsi mashoma kuti ibudise chiedza chakafanana. Rudzi urwu rwe tekinoroji rwakagadzirwa mumapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana ekutsvagisa, kunyangwe kushandiswa kwayo kusiri kwakajairika mumusika wekutengesa.
3. Marambi e LED ane chitarisiko neruvara rwakaita se incandescent
Vanhu vazhinji vanoti mwenje dze LED "dzinochengetedza simba" nekuti dzinoburitsa chiedza chichena chinodziya chakafanana nemabharubhu eincandescent (anenge 2700K), uye mabarubhu avo akaumbwa semabharubhu ekare eincandescent. Kunyange zvazvo asiri mabarubhu eincandescent chaiwo, ndiwo mhinduro inonyanya kufarirwa yekuwana chiedza cheincandescent pasina kutambisa simba.
Saka, "kuchengetedza simba" kana tichitarisa marambi eincandescent kunowanzoreva kutsiva marambi eincandescent akajairwa netekinoroji inoenderana nehunhu hwawo hwechiedza, ingava ma halogen ari nani kana ma LED anoshanda zvakanyanya.
Kuenzanisa Nokukurumidza: Incandescent, Halogen, CFL, uye LED
Kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa, heino muenzaniso uri nyore:
– Marambi emazuva ano anopenya: chiedza chinodziya, CRI yakanaka kwazvo (kunyatsorurama kwemavara), yakachipa, asi inopambadza uye inogara kwenguva pfupi.
– Halogen: chiedza chakaita sechinopenya, kushanda zvakanaka zvishoma, kurarama kwenguva refu pane chinopenya, asi chichiri kuburitsa kupisa kwakanyanya.
– CFL (rambi rinochengetedza simba rinotenderera): kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera, asi rinogona kuva nemercury uye kunaka kwechiedza kunosiyana.
– LED: inoshandisa simba rakawanda, inogara kwenguva refu, kupisa kushoma, mavara akasiyana-siyana uye kupenya kwakawanda, asi mhando yechigadzirwa inoenderana zvakanyanya nerudzi/mutyairi.
Kana chinangwa chako chikuru chiri kuchengetedza simba, ma LED anowanzo kuve sarudzo yakanakisisa. Kana uchitsvaga hunhu hwechiedza cheincandescent uye uchiri kuda kuchengetedza zvakawanda kupfuura ma incandescent echinyakare, ma halogen anogona kuva "bhiriji," kunyangwe kuchengetedza kusina kukosha sema LED.
Sei Mimvuri yemwenje yeIncandescent ichiri kutsvakwa?
Kunyangwe ichipambadza marambi, marambi e incandescent anonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana:
1. Mavara akapfava uye anodziya
Mabarabhu anopenya anogadzira chiedza chinogara chichienderera mberi, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zviratidzike sechisikigo muruvara. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidzwa nemamiriro ekunze "anodziya" epamba.
2. Inonyaradza maziso mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu
Mukamuri rekutandarira, muimba yekurara, kana muresitorendi, chiedza chinodziya chinowanzo nyaradza kupfuura chichena chinotonhorera.
3. Zviri nyore kudzima (zvinodzikisa)
Mabharubhu mazhinji anopenya anogona kubatanidzwa zviri nyore nechinhu chinopenya chiri nyore. Ma LED anogonawo kudzikiswa, asi anoda dhiraivha inoenderana uye chinodzivirira kudzima kuti asatsvedze.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, "zvinhu zvitsva zvinochengetedza simba" zvinowanzo tsvaga kuchengetedza kunaka kwechiedza uye kunyaradzwa kwekuona uku zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba.
Maitiro Ekusarudza Mwenje Usingashandise Simba Nekunzwa Kwe "Glow"
Kana uchida mwenje we incandescent asi usingadhuri zvakanyanya, funga nezvezvinhu zvinotevera:
1. Tarisa pane lumens, kwete ma watts
Kupenya kwemagetsi kunoratidza kushandiswa kwesimba, kwete kupenya. Kuti uenzanise kupenya, tarisa ma lumens. Semuenzaniso, girobhu remwenje rine 800 lumens rinowanzo fanana nekupenya kwe60W (nhamba dzinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvigadzirwa).
2. Sarudza tembiricha yeruvara (Kelvin) 2700K–3000K
Kuti muwane mumvuri unopenya, tsvagai Warm White label inosvika 2700K. Kana muchida toni isina kusimba asi ichidziya, 3000K ingakodzera.
3. Teerera CRI (Color Rendering Index)
Mabara anopenya anozivikanwa neCRI yavo yakakwira. Sarudza mababu ane CRI ye80 kana kupfuura, uye kana zvichibvira, CRI ye90 kana kupfuura kuti uwane mavara akanyatsojeka, kunyanya mumakamuri ekudyira, makamuri eupfu, kana nzvimbo dzekuratidzira.
4. Iva nechokwadi chekuti "kupenya" kwakaderera
Mamwe ma LED akachipa ane chiedza chinopenya zvishoma chinogona kukurumidza kuneta maziso ako. Tsvaga zvigadzirwa zvinoshambadza chiedza chisina kupenya zvakanyanya kana kushandisa madhiraivha emhando yepamusoro.
5. Kana uchishandisa dimmer, iva nechokwadi chekuti inoenderana.
Shandisa maLED anodzimwa uye dhimaki yakakodzera. Kusanganiswa kusina kunaka kunogona kukonzera kupenya, ruzha, kana kutadza kushanda kwerambi nguva isati yakwana.
6. Funga nezvechimiro chegirobhu
Ma LED mazhinji emazuva ano anouya muchimiro chema bulbs ekare (A60), makenduru, kana kuti ma LED filaments anotaridzika sema incandescent filaments. Aya akakodzera mwenje yekushongedza.
Chengetedza Simba Kwete Kubva Pamwenje Chete
Kunze kwekutsiva marambi, kuchengetedza magetsi kunogonawo kuwanikwa kuburikidza netsika nekugadzira:
– Shandisa mwenje unobva munzvimbo dzakasiyana: batidza mwenje munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa chete.
- Wedzera chiedza chechisikigo: vhura maketeni, shandisa mavara akajeka emadziro.
– Shandisa rambi rakakodzera: mumvuri unoratidza chiedza zvakanaka unogona kuwedzera "kunzwa kwechiedza" pasina kuwedzera simba remagetsi.
– Gara uchichenesa nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu: guruva riri pachivharo negirobhu rinoderedza kubuda kwechiedza.
Nehurongwa uhwu, simba rinodiwa pakushandisa magetsi rinogona kuderedzwa pasina kukanganisa nyaradzo.
Mhedziso
Izwi rekuti "Mabhaubhu Anoshanda Nesimba" rinotsanangura chinangwa chekuzadzisa hunhu hwechiedza chinodziya uye chakarurama, asi nekushandisa simba shoma. Muchokwadi, sarudzo dzakajairika mabhaubhu e halogen (anoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mabhaubhu echinyakare anodziya) kana mabhaubhu e LED ane ruvara runodziya (anonyanya kudhura uye anogara kwenguva refu). Kana uchida mwenje unodziya unodziya, sarudza LED chena inodziya ye2700K ine CRI yakakwira uye inofambisa zvakanaka. Nenzira iyi, unogona kuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze anodziya mumba mako uku uchichengetedza mari yemagetsi uye uchideredza kukanganisa kwako nharaunda.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kukubatsirai kugadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kuita mazwi akakodzera chiuru (parizvino chave pedyo ne1000), kana kuchichinja kuita shanduro yesainzi/yakakurumbira, ine mienzaniso yekuverenga mari yemagetsi.
