Kubatana Kwenguva Yechigadzirwa: Kuongorora Hukama Hwakatsetseka Pakati Pezvinhu Zvinochinja
Kubatana Kwenguva Yechigadzirwa, kunowanzonzi Pearson Correlation, ndeimwe yenzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzekuverenga nhamba pakuyera simba negwara rehukama hwakatsetseka pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvenhamba. Yakatangwa naKarl Pearson mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, nzira iyi inoramba iri chishandiso chakakosha muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sepfungwa, zvehupfumi, zvebhayoloji, uye zvesainzi yemagariro evanhu.
Tsanangudzo uye Pfungwa Dzekutanga
Kubatana Kwenguva Yechigadzirwa kunoyera mwero wekubatana kwezviyero zviviri. Pearson correlation coefficient, inonongedzwa sa r, inotangira pa -1 kusvika +1. Kukosha kwe +1 kunoratidza hukama hwakanaka hwemutsara, uko kuwedzera kwechimwe chinoshanduka kunoteverwa nekuwedzera kwechimwe. Kukosha kwe -1 kunoratidza hukama hwakanaka hwemutsara, uko kuwedzera kwechimwe chinoshanduka kunoteverwa nekudzikira kwechimwe. Kukosha kwe 0, kune rumwe rutivi, kunoratidza kuti hapana hukama hwakafanana pakati pezviyero.
Kuverenga Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Fomura yekuverenga Pearson coefficient ndeiyi inotevera:
\[ r = \frac{N(\sum XY) – (\sum X)(\sum Y)}{\sqrt{[N \sum X^2 – (\sum
Di mana:
– \( N \) ndiyo nhamba yemapeya edata.
– \( X \) uye \( Y \) ndiwo mavalues evariables yekutanga neyechipiri.
– \( \sum XY \) ihuwandu hwezvibereko zvezvibodzwa \( X \) uye \( Y \).
– \( \sum X \) uye \( \sum Y \) ndiwo huwandu hwezviyero \( X \) uye \( Y \).
– \( \sum X^2 \) uye \( \sum Y^2 \) ndiwo manhamba emakwere ezviyero \( X \) uye \( Y \).
Dudziro yeMhedzisiro
Mushure mekuverenga kukosha kwe \( r \), danho rinotevera nderekududzira mhedzisiro:
– \(r \) = +1: Hukama hwakanaka hwakakwana.
– \( r \) = -1: Hukama hwakakwana husina kunaka.
– \( 0 < r < +1 \): Hukama hwakanaka husina simba kusvika kune hwakasimba. - \( -1 < r < 0 \): Hukama hwakanaka kusvika kune hwakasimba husina simba. - \( r \) = 0: Hapana hukama hwakaenzana pakati pezvimiro. Kazhinji, kukosha kwe \( r \) kunobatanidzwawo nezviyero zvekusimba kwehukama, semuenzaniso: - \( 0.00 - 0.19 \): Hukama hwakaderera zvikuru. - \( 0.20 - 0.39 \): Hukama hwakaderera. - \( 0.40 - 0.59 \): Hukama huri pakati nepakati. - \( 0.60 - 0.79 \): Hukama hwakasimba. - \( 0.80 - 1.00 \): Hukama hwakasimba zvikuru. Zvisinei, izvi zviyero hazvisi zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu nemunda wesainzi wakashandiswa.
Mashandisirwo Munzvimbo Dzakasiyana-siyana Pearson Correlation inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, mune zvepfungwa, kuyera hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvehunhu; mune zvehupfumi, kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvehupfumi zvakaita semari inowanikwa uye kushandiswa; mune zvebhayoloji, kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvebhayoloji. Semuenzaniso, muongorori angada kuona kana paine hukama pakati pekushushikana uye kunaka kwekurara. Nekuunganidza data pamusoro pemazinga ekushushikana uye kunaka kwekurara kubva kuvanhu vakati wandei uye kushandisa Pearson Correlation, muongorori anogona kuona kana paine hukama hwakakosha pakati pezvinhu zviviri izvi. Miganhu Nekufunga Nezvazvo Kunyangwe Pearson Correlation iri chishandiso chine simba, miganho yakati wandei inofanira kufungwa nezvayo: 1. Kufungidzira kweLinearity: Pearson yakakodzera chete hukama hwelinear. Kana hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu husiri linear, hahuzomiririrwi zvakanaka nePearson correlation coefficient. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, dzimwe nzira dzekubatana kana ongororo isiri linear ingave yakakodzera. 2. Kunzwa Kune Zvinhu Zvisingakoshi: Zviyero zvakanyanyisa, kana kuti zvisizvo, zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kukosha kwecoefficient yekubatana. Saka, kuona nekugadzirisa zvinhu zvisina basa kwakakosha pakuongorora data.
3. Hazviratidzi Chikonzero: Kubatana hakuna kufanana nechikonzero. Kungoti mavariable maviri akabatana hazvirevi kuti chimwe chinhu chinokonzera shanduko mune chimwe. Nokudaro, mhedzisiro yekubatana inofanira kuongororwa nokungwarira, uye tsvakiridzo yakawedzerwa inogona kudiwa kuti ione hukama hwechikonzero. Dzimwe nzira dzekubatanidza Pearson Kunze kwePearson Correlation, kune dzimwe nzira dzinoverengeka dzekubatanidza dzinogona kushandiswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu nerudzi rwedata: - Spearman Correlation: Inoshandiswa padata re ordinal kana padata risingasvike pafungidziro yekuva normality uye linearity. Spearman Correlation inoyera simba negwara rehukama hwe monotonic pakati pemavariable maviri. - Kendall Correlation: Zvakare padata re ordinal kana data risiri normal. Inoverenga mwero wekubvumirana pakati pema ranks maviri edata. Mhedziso Kubatana Kwechigadzirwa Moment kana Pearson Correlation chishandiso chakakosha mukuongorora data chinobvumira vaongorori kunzwisisa hukama hwe linear pakati pemavariable maviri enhamba. Kuverenga nekududzira coefficient yekubatana kunopa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pesimba negwara rehukama pakati pemavariable. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuwirirana hakurevi kuti pane chikonzero, uye mhedzisiro yekuongorora inofanira kuonekwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Nekushandisa Pearson Correlation nekuchenjera, vaongorori vanogona kuita kuti zvirevo zvakanyatsojeka uye zvine chekuita nedata ravanodzidza zvinyatsojeka.
