Tekinoroji yekuchengetedza RAID pamalaptop
Kugadzirwa kwemalaptop emazuva ano hakungogumiri pamagadzirirwo akatetepa uye akareruka chete, asiwo kune kugona kwekuchengetedza nekukurumidza, kukuru, uye kwakachengeteka. Apa ndipo panova nyaya inonakidza yeRAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks). RAID tekinoroji inosanganisa nzira mbiri kana kupfuura dzekuchengetedza (SSD kana HDD) kuti dzishande seyuniti nechinangwa chaicho: kuvandudza mashandiro, kuwedzera kuvimbika kwedata, kana zvese zviri zviviri. Kunyange zvazvo RAID ichinyanya kufarirwa mumasevha nenzvimbo dzekushandira, kushandiswa kwayo mumalaptop—kunyanya ayo ari mumakirasi emitambo, ekugadzira, uye ehunyanzvi—iri kuramba ichikosha nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekudiwa kwekumhanya uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata.
Chii chinonzi RAID uye chinoshanda sei?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, RAID inoshandisa madhiraivha akawanda kuronga data nenzira chaiyo. Mamwe magadzirirwo eRAID anoshandisa striping kunyora data nekukurumidza, nepo mamwe achishandisa mirroring kudzokorora data kana dhiraivha imwe ikakundikana. Mamwe mazinga eRAID anotobatanidza maviri acho.
Pamalaptop, RAID inowanzo shandiswa uchishandisa maNVMe SSD maviri (kazhinji muM.2 format) kana musanganiswa weSSD neHDD, kunyange zvazvo musanganiswa wemazuva ano unonyanya kushandiswa uri maNVMe SSD maviri nekuda kwehukuru hwawo hudiki uye kushanda kwawo kwepamusoro. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kucherechedza: haasi malaptop ese anotsigira RAID. Rutsigiro runoenderana nehuwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera, rutsigiro rweBIOS/UEFI, uye controller inoshandiswa—ingave chipset kana software-based solution.
Chikonzero nei RAID iri kutanga kuonekwa mumalaptop
Pane zvikonzero zvitatu zvikuru nei vashandisi vachifunga nezveRAID palaptop:
1. Kushanda kwepamusoro
Mabasa akadai sekugadzirisa mavhidhiyo e4K/8K, kuunganidza kodhi hombe, kugadzirisa madata, kana kurodha mitambo inorema anogona kubatsirwa nekushandisa nzvimbo yakawanda yekuchengetedza.
2. Kuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwedata
Malaptop anowanzo fambiswa, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekudonha, kuvhunduka, kana kushandiswa zvisina kunaka. RAID ine kudzoserwa kwedata kunogona kuderedza njodzi yekurasikirwa nedata nekuda kwekutadza kutyaira.
3. Kutarisira kugona
Kubatanidza madhiraivha maviri kuti aonekwe sevhoriyamu imwe chete yakakura kunogona kuita kuti manejimendi yekuparadzanisa ive nyore—kunyange ichi chisiri icho chinangwa chikuru cheRAIDs dzinokurudzirwa.
Mazinga eRAID akajairika uye akakodzera emalaptops
Haasi ese mazinga eRAID akakodzera malaptop. Heano mazinga akajairika:
1) RAID 0 (Striping) - kutarisa kumhanya
RAID 0 inopatsanura data pakati pemadhiraivha maviri, ichichinjana pakati pawo. Chakanakira ndechekuti mashandiro ekuverenga/kunyora ari nani nekuti madhiraivha maviri anoshanda panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvinonyanya kufarirwa pamalaptop emitambo kana malaptop ekugadzira anonyanya kukoshesa kurodha nekukurumidza uye kutamiswa kwemafaira makuru.
Zvisinei, njodzi yacho yakakura: hapana kudzokorora. Kana dhiraivha imwe ikakundikana, data rese riri muRAID 0 array rinogona kurasika. Saka, RAID 0 yakachengeteka nemaitiro ekuchengetedza (semuenzaniso, ku cloud kana external drive).
Zvakawandisa:
- Kushanda kwepamusoro (kunyanya pamitoro mikuru yakatevedzana)
– Kugona kwese = kusanganisa madhiraivha ese
Kekurangan:
- Njodzi huru yekurasikirwa nedata kana imwe yemadhiraivha ikakundikana
- Kudzoreredza data kwakaoma kupfuura dhiraivha imwe chete
2) RAID 1 (Kuenzanisa) - kutarisa kuchengetedzeka kwedata
RAID 1 inodzokorora data: zviri mukati medhiraivha yekutanga neyechipiri zvakafanana. Kana SSD imwe ikakundikana, laptop inogona kuramba ichishanda pane imwe SSD (zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwayo), uye data rinoramba rakachengeteka.
Zvakawandisa:
- Kuwedzerwa kwakanyanya kwedata kudzivirira kurasikirwa nekuda kwekutadza kwekutyaira
- Yakakodzera ruzivo rwakakosha rwebasa
Kekurangan:
- Kugona kushanda zvakanaka ihafu chete (maSSD maviri ane 1 TB anoita 1 TB yese)
- Kushanda zvakanaka hakunyanyi kuvandudzika (dzimwe nguva kuverenga kunogona kuva nani, asi kunyora kunotevera maitiro ekutarisa)
3) RAID 5/10 - isingawanzo kuwanikwa pamalaptop
RAID 5 inoda madhiraivha matatu, uye RAID 10 inoda madhiraivha mana, zvichiita kuti zvisave nyore kuwana mumalaptop nekuda kwekushaikwa kwenzvimbo nenzvimbo. Mamwe malaptop ebasa akatsaurirwa kana masisitimu emodular anogona kukwanisa kuita izvi, asi izvi hazviwanzoitika.
Hardware RAID vs software RAID pamalaptop
Mukuita, RAID pamalaptops inowanzo famba nenzira mbiri:
1. “Firmware/Chipset RAID” (inowanzonzi hardware RAID)
Malaptop mazhinji eIntel aimbove nemabasa akaita seIntel RST (Rapid Storage Technology), ayo aibvumira RAID configuration kuburikidza neBIOS/UEFI. Kunyange zvazvo ichiwanzonzi hardware RAID, pane akawanda masisitimu emazuva ano pfungwa yacho inonzi "firmware-assisted RAID."
2. Software yeRAID
Masisitimu ekushanda akaita seWindows (Storage Spaces), Linux (mdadm), kana kunyange mhinduro dzevamwe vanogona kugadzira RAID vachishandisa software. Izvi zvine mukana wekuti zvinochinjika uye hazvide chipset zvakanyanya, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuda mamwe magadzirirwo akajeka uye kuenderana panguva yekutanga.
Pamalaptop, sarudzo yakanakisisa inowanzo sarudzwa nerutsigiro rwemugadziri. Kana laptop yako iine sarudzo dzeRAID muBIOS/UEFI uye uchida RAID yedhiraivha yesystem (boot drive), mhinduro yakavakirwa mukati memugadziri ndiyo inowanzo shanda. Kana RAID iri yemadhiraivha edata chete, software RAID inogona kuva sarudzo inochinjika.
Mhedzisiro yeRAID pakushanda kwenyika chaiyo
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti RAID 0 inogara ichipeta kumhanya kweSSD kaviri. Muchokwadi, mashandiro anoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda: rudzi rweSSD, huwandu hwenzira dzePCIe dziripo, miganhu yebandwidth yechipset, uye rudzi rwebasa.
- Kune mafaira makuru (akatevedzana), RAID 0 inogona kupa kuvandudzwa kunooneka.
- Kune vanongoerekana vawana, kunyanya kana zvinhu zviri nyore, kuvandudzwa kwacho kungasave kwakanyanya nekuti kunonoka uye hunhu hweNVMe SSD dzemazuva ano zvatove nekukurumidza.
- Kana migero miviri yeM.2 ichigovana nzira imwe chete kana kupfuura nepakati penzira imwe chete yechipset, kuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi kunogona kuganhurirwa nekugadzirwa kwelaptop.
RAID 1, kune rumwe rutivi, inonyanya kutarisisa kuchengetedzeka. Kunyange hazvo mashandiro ekuverenga dzimwe nguva achigona kuvandudzika zvishoma nekuti sisitimu inogona kuverenga kubva kune imwe yemadhiraivha "akagadzirira", ichi hachisi chikonzero chikuru chekusarudza RAID 1.
Zvikanganiso uye njodzi dzeRAID pamalaptop
Usati wasarudza kushandisa RAID palaptop, teerera zvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei:
1. RAID haisi nzira yekutsiva backup
RAID 1 inodzivirira kutadza kwedhiraivha, asi haidziviriri kubva pakubviswa kwemafaira, ransomware, kuora kwedata, kana kutadza kweoperating system. Kuchengetedza mabackups kuchiri kudikanwa.
2. Kuoma kwekupora
Kana paine dambudziko remutongi, paine dambudziko rekugadzirisa BIOS, kana kuti pane kufamba kwemotherboard, RAID array inogona kuoma kuziva. Mune mamwe mashandisirwo, kufambisa array kune imwe mudziyo hakusi nyore.
3. Kushandiswa kwesimba uye kupisa
Ma NVMe SSD maviri anoshanda anogona kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba uye tembiricha. Pamalaptop matete, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa throttling kana hupenyu hwebhatiri.
4. Kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu
Malaptop mazhinji ane slot imwe chete yeM.2. RAID inoshanda inongogoneka chete pamalaptop ane slot mbiri kana kupfuura dzeM.2.
Ndiani akakodzera kushandisa RAID palaptop?
RAID palaptop inonyanya kunzwisisika kune:
- Vagadziri vezvinyorwa vanowanzo tumira mafaira makuru evhidhiyo uye vanoda kumhanya kwekutamisa nekukurumidza (RAID 0, ine backups dzakasimba).
- Nyanzvi dzinotakura ruzivo rwakakosha uye dzinoda kudzivirirwa kubva kukundikana kweSSD (RAID 1).
– Vashandisi vemalaptop epaworkstation vanoda kuenzana kwekushanda nekuvimbika, kunyanya pabasa risingakwanise kukanganiswa.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kune vashandisi vese vanoshandisa browsing, office work, uye multimedia chete, RAID kazhinji haipe mabhenefiti akakodzera kuoma kwayo. NVMe SSD imwe chete yepamusoro inowanzo kukwana.
Mazano ekusarudza nekushandisa RAID palaptop
Kana uri kufunga nezveRAID, mazano anotevera anogona kubatsira:
- Iva nechokwadi chekuti laptop inotsigira RAID (tarisa zvirevo zvepamutemo uye menyu yeBIOS/UEFI).
- Shandisa maSSD emhando imwe chete uye kugona kwakafanana kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka, kunyanya yeRAID 0 neRAID 1.
– Nyatsoteerera sisitimu yekutonhodza yelaptop yako—NVMe SSDs dzinogona kupisa nekukurumidza, uye maSSD maviri zvinoreva kuti kupisa kwakapetwa kaviri.
– Gadzirira nzira yekuchengetedza ruzivo: kanenge 3-2-1 (makopi matatu edata, midhiya miviri yakasiyana, imwe iri panzvimbo yakasiyana).
- Gadziridza SSD firmware neBIOS nekungwarira; ita izvozvo mushure mekuchengetedza backup, sezvo kuchinja marongero ekuchengetera kunogona kuva nengozi.
Mhedziso
Tekinoroji yeRAID pamalaptops mhinduro inokwezva vashandisi vanoda mashandiro ekuwedzera (RAID 0) kana kuchengetedzwa kwedata (RAID 1). Kunyange zvazvo isiri iyo inodiwa nemunhu wese, RAID inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kune mamwe malaptop - kunyanya ayo ane dual NVMe SSD slots uye BIOS/UEFI configuration support. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti RAID haisi iyo inotsiva backup uye inogona kuwedzera kuomarara uye matambudziko ekubatana.
Nekunzwisisa kwakakodzera, RAID inogona kubatsira laptop yako kumhanya nekukurumidza kana zvakachengeteka, zvichienderana nezvaunoda. Sarudzo yakanakisisa inoenderana nezvaunokoshesa: kungave uri kutsvaga kumhanya kwakanyanya kana kuisa pamberi dziviriro yedata paunenge uchishanda uri munzira.
