Apple M1 processor yemakomputa edesktop
Kusvika kweApple M1 chiratidzo chekuchinja kukuru munyika yemakomputa edesktop neelaptop. Kekutanga munhoroondo yemazuva ano yeMac, Apple iri kuchinja kubva kuma processor eIntel zvichibva pa x86 architecture kuenda kuma chips ayo eARM-based, avanodaidza kuti Apple Silicon. Kunyange zvazvo ichizivikanwa neMacBook Air, 13-inch MacBook Pro, uye Mac mini, M1 inokoshawo panyaya yemakomputa edesktop nekuti inounza musanganiswa wekushanda kwepamusoro, kushanda nesimba, uye kubatanidzwa kwehardware-software kusingawanzo kuwanikwa pane mamwe mapuratifomu. Chinyorwa chino chinotaura nezveApple M1, mashandiro ayo padesktop, uye kukanganisa kwayo vashandisi uye ecosystem yeapplication.
Chii chinonzi Apple M1?
Apple M1 iSystem on a Chip (SoC), kwete CPU chete. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chip imwe chete ine zvikamu zvakakosha zvakasiyana: CPU, GPU, Neural Engine, memory controller, media encoder/decoder, uye zvikamu zvekuchengetedza. M1 inogadzirwa uchishandisa nzira yekugadzira ye5-nanometer, iyo inobvumira huwandu hwakawanda hwema transistors muhukuru hudiki, zvichibatsira kuvandudza mashandiro ukuwo zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba nekupisa.
MuM1, Apple inoshandisa 8-core CPU configuration yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: performance cores uye efficiency cores. Nzira iyi inozivikanwa sebig.LITTLE munyika yeARM. Performance cores inobata mabasa anorema akadai sekuunganidza makodhi, kugadzirisa mavhidhiyo, kana kuratidzira. Efficiency cores inobata mabasa akareruka akadai sekutarisa, kutamba mimhanzi, uye mabasa ekumashure. Musanganiswa uyu unochengetedza makombiyuta edesktop ane M1 achipindura pasina kushandisa simba rakawanda.
Sei M1 ichikwezva makombiyuta epakombiyuta?
Makomputa epakombiyuta anowanzo shandiswa semasisitimu ekutonhodza ane mashandiro epamusoro uye masisitimu ekutonhodza makuru. Asi M1 inopa nzira itsva: mashandiro ane simba haafanire kureva kushandisa simba rakawanda uye mafeni ane ruzha. Semuenzaniso, neM1 Mac mini, vashandisi vanowana komputa yekomputa diki, yakanyarara, uye isingadyi simba zvakanyanya inokwanisa kubata mabasa mazhinji ezuva nezuva ehunyanzvi.
Kune vashandisi vekumba, M1 inopa kuvandudzwa kwekumhanya kwemabasa akajairika sekuvhura maapplication, kuita zvinhu zvakawanda panguva imwe chete, uye kubhurawuza uchishandisa ma tab akawanda. Kune vashandisi vane hunyanzvi, M1 inowedzerawo ruzivo mumaapplication akaita seFinal Cut Pro, Logic Pro, kana Adobe Photoshop—kunyanya kana maapplication iwayo akagadzirwa zvakanaka neApple Silicon.
Kushanda kweCPU: nekukurumidza uye kwakafanana
Chimwe chezvakanakira zvikuru zveM1 pama desktops ndechekuti inoshanda zvakanyanya se single-core. Mabasa mazhinji emazuva ese emakomputa achiri kuvimba ne single-core performance: kuvhura magwaro, kushandisa ma script chaiwo, responsive application interfaces, nezvimwewo. M1 inozivikanwa nekupindura kwayo nekukurumidza uye kwakasimba, zvichiita kuti system inzwe "yakapfava" kunyangwe painenge ichishandisa ma application akawanda panguva imwe chete.
Kune mabasa akawanda ane macore akawanda, M1 inokwikwidzawo zvikuru. NemaCPU cores masere, mabasa mazhinji akadai sekuunganidza mapurojekiti, kugadzirisa mafoto ebatch, kana kupwanya data anogona kuitwa nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe marudzi eIntel Macs, kunyanya kana zvichienzaniswa neaya ari muchikamu chimwe chete chesimba. Uye nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwepamusoro, mashandiro anowanzo enderana pasina kudzikira kwakanyanya nekuda kwekupisa, kunyanya pama desktops akaita seMac mini, ane kutonhora kwakakwana.
GPU Yakabatanidzwa: yakakomba kupfuura zvaunofunga
M1 ine GPU yakabatana ine macore anosvika masere. Kunyange zvazvo isingaenzaniswi nemaGPU emhando yepamusoro, M1 GPU yakashamisa vazhinji nekushanda kwayo kwakasimba kweiGPU. Kune madesktop, izvi zvinoreva kuti vashandisi vanogona kuita kugadzirisa mavhidhiyo zviri nyore kusvika zvine mwero, dhizaini yemifananidzo, uye kunyange mimwe mitambo ine kushanda kwakanaka—nekuenderana kwakakodzera uye marongero emifananidzo, hongu.
Simba reM1 GPU rinoonekwawo mukukurumidzisa UI, kuongorora mavhidhiyo, uye mhedzisiro chaiyo-nguva mumapurogiramu ekugadzira. Nekuti CPU neGPU zviri pa chip imwe chete ine mukana wekukurumidza wekurangarira, kutamisa data kunogona kushanda zvakanaka kupfuura mumasisitimu echinyakare anoda nzira dzakasiyana.
Memory Yakabatana: pfungwa yakasiyana yekurangarira
Imwe yepfungwa huru muApple M1 ndeye Unified Memory Architecture (UMA). PamaPC mazhinji, CPU neGPU zvine memory yakasiyana (system RAM neVRAM). PaM1, memory yakabatana: CPU neGPU zvinowana memory pool imwe chete, ine bandwidth yakawanda. Izvi zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekukopa data, zvichikonzera kuvandudzwa kukuru kwekushanda kwemabasa anosanganisira mifananidzo nekuverenga.
Zvisinei, pane dambudziko guru kune vashandisi vepakombiyuta: kugona kwekuchengetedza ndangariro paM1 kwakavakirwa mukati uye hakugone kuvandudzwa mushure mekutenga. Muzvizvarwa zvekare zveM1, sarudzo dzeRAM dzaiwanzova 8GB kana 16GB. Saka, vashandisi vepakombiyuta vanofanira kuongorora zvavanoda pakutanga—kunyanya kana vachiwanzoshandisa maapplication anoda simba, vachiita virtualization, kana kushanda nemafaira enhau ane resolution yepamusoro.
Kukurumidzisa kweNeural Engine uye media
M1 inewo 16-core Neural Engine yakagadzirirwa mabasa ekudzidza emuchina, akadai sekuziva kumeso, kugadzirisa mifananidzo, kana maficha eAI mumaapplication ekugadzira. Kunyange hazvo vasiri vese vashandisi vachaona izvi ipapo ipapo, maficha mazhinji emazuva ano mu macOS nemaapplication ehunyanzvi anoshandisa chikamu ichi kukurumidzisa mamwe macomputer.
Pamusoro pezvo, M1 ine injini yenhau inobatsira zvikuru kuma desktops: rutsigiro rwekugadzirisa/kutsanangura hardware yemafomati evhidhiyo anozivikanwa akadai seH.264 neHEVC. Mukuita, izvi zvinoita kuti vhidhiyo itambirwe zviri nyore, ikurumidze kuratidzwa, uye ishandise simba zviri nani. Kune vanogadzira zvemukati vanogadzirisa mavhidhiyo, kuvandudzwa uku kunogona kukosha zvikuru.
Kuenderana kwekushandisa: Rosetta 2 uye mashandisirwo emuno
Kuchinja kubva kuIntel kuenda kuApple Silicon kunomutsa mubvunzo mukuru: mapurogiramu ekare acharamba achishanda here? Apple inopindura izvi neRosetta 2, jira rekushandura rinobvumira maIntel apps kushanda paM1 Macs. Kazhinji, maIntel apps anoshanda paRosetta 2 anoshanda zvakanaka, dzimwe nguva achitokurumidza kupfuura ari kushanda paIntel Macs dzekare.
Zvisinei, ruzivo rwakanakisisa runouya kana maapplication ari eApple Silicon. Mavhezheni emuno anowanzo shandisa simba zvakanyanya, anokurumidza, uye anoshandisa zvizere kugona kweM1. Pakusarudza desktop yakavakirwa paM1, zvakakosha kutarisa kuti maapplication ako makuru—akadai semaaudio plugins, software chaiyo yeCAD, kana maturusi ebhizinesi—anoenderana uye akagadzikana.
M1 yedesktop: ndeyaani?
Apple M1 pamakombiyuta edesktop inonyanya kukodzera mapoka anotevera evashandisi:
1. Vashandisi vekumba nevekuhofisi: vanoda komputa inokurumidza, yakagadzikana, yakanyarara, uye isingadyi simba zvakanyanya pabasa rezuva nezuva, pamusangano wevhidhiyo, uye pakubudirira.
2. Vagadziri vezvinhu zviri pakati nepakati: kugadzirisa mapikicha, kugadzira mifananidzo, kugadzira mimhanzi, uye kugadzirisa mavhidhiyo kubva pa1080p kusvika ku4K nekushanda zvakanaka.
3. Mugadziri: Kugadzira mapurojekiti, kushandisa masimulators, uye kushandisa maturusi ekuvandudza emazuva ano. Zvisinei, kune zvinodiwa zve virtualization (semuenzaniso, x86 OS), kutarisisa kwakakosha kunodiwa nekuda kwemagadzirirwo akasiyana.
4. Vashandisi vanokoshesa Apple ecosystem: kubatanidzwa ne iPhone/iPad, Handoff features, AirDrop, iMessage, uye macOS app ecosystem.
Zvisinei, kune vashandisi vedesktop vanoda GPU ine simba repamusoro yekuratidzira 3D yakakura, mimwe mitambo yeAAA, kana mamwe mabasa eindasitiri, maM1 ekutanga angasave sarudzo yakanakisisa. Apple yakazoburitsa mamwe mavhezheni ane simba (M1 Pro, M1 Max, M1 Ultra) ezvinodiwa nehunyanzvi zvakanyanya, kunyange hazvo hurukuro iyoyo iri kunze kwechikamu chino.
Mhedziso
Apple M1 inounza nzira itsva yekushandisa komputa yedesktop: kushanda kwepamusoro pamwe chete nekushanda nesimba kwemagetsi, dhizaini diki, uye kubatanidzwa kwakasimba kwehardware-software. Iine CPU inopindura, GPU ine simba yakabatanidzwa, ndangariro yakabatana inoshanda, uye kukurumidza kwe media neAI, M1 isarudzo inokwezva vashandisi vazhinji vemazuva ano vedesktop. Kunyange zvazvo paine zvipingamupinyi zvakaita seRAM isingagadziriswe uye mamwe matambudziko ekubatana kwemaapp, zvakazara, Apple M1 inoratidza kuti makomputa edesktop haafanire kunge akakura uye achida simba kuti ape ruzivo nekukurumidza uye rwakasununguka.
Kana uri kufunga nezvekushandisa M1-based desktop, chinhu chikuru ndechekugadzirisa sarudzo dzako dzekugadzirisa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda kubva pakutanga—kunyanya ndangariro uye kugona kwekuchengetedza—uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti maapplication ako makuru agadzirira Apple Silicon. Nekufunga uku, Apple M1 inogona kuva hwaro hwedesktop hwakavimbika kwenguva refu.
