Mabhenefiti neNjodzi dzeFormalin Compounds
Formalin mushonga une formaldehyde mumvura, kazhinji une formaldehyde inosvika 37%, kazhinji ine methanol shoma inowedzerwa kudzivirira polymerization. Munzanga, izwi rekuti "formalin" rinowanzo shandiswa kureva chinhu chinochengetedza zvitunha kana mvura ine hwema hwakasimba. Kune rumwe rutivi, formalin inoitawo basa rakakosha muminda yakasiyana-siyana yemaindasitiri nemarabhoritari nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hunoshanda mukuuraya tupukanana uye kugona kwayo "kuchengetedza" tishu dzezvipenyu. Zvisinei, shure kwezvibatsiro izvi, formalin inewo njodzi huru kana ikashandiswa zvisina kunaka, kunyanya kana ikashandiswa zvisina kunaka sechinochengetedza chikafu. Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura mabhenefiti epamutemo uye anodzorwa e formalin, pamwe nenjodzi dzehutano uye mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwayo zvisiri izvo.
Chii chinonzi Formalin uye nei chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya?
Pamakemikari, formaldehyde chinhu chiri nyore cheorganic (CH₂O) chinoshanda zvakanyanya. Kana chakanyungudutswa mumvura, formaldehyde inoumba formalin. Hunhu uhwu hwekuita basa ndihwo hunoita kuti formalin ishande semushonga unochengetedza: inogona "kubatanidza" mapuroteni nemasero, zvichiita kuti tishu dzigadzikane uye dzidzivirire kukura kwetupukanana. Uyezve, formalin haina kudhura zvakanyanya, inowanikwa zviri nyore mumaindasitiri, uye inoshanda nekukurumidza. Musanganiswa uyu unoita kuti ive chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi zvakare inogona kushandiswa zvisirizvo.
Mabhenefiti eFormalin muIndasitiri neHutano
Kunyange zvazvo zita rayo richiwanzobatanidzwa nezvinhu zvisina kunaka, formalin ine mabhenefiti akakosha akawanda kana ikashandiswa zvichienderana nemitemo yekuchengetedza uye kushandiswa kwayo.
1. Chinochengetedza zvirimwa nezvinangwa zvekurapa
Imwe yenzira dzinozivikanwa dzekushandisa formalin kuchengetedza nyama dzemuviri mumarabhoritari, muzvipatara, uye muzvikoro. Muzvirwere zvemuviri, formalin inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nyama (kumisa kuora) isati yaongororwa zvakare. Kana yagadziriswa zvakanaka, masero nenyama zvinochengetedzwa, zvichiita kuti chirwere chiongororwe nemazvo.
Muzvikoro, formalin inoshandiswawo kuchengetedza nhengo dzemuviri kana mhuka kuti dziongororwe murabhoritari. Pasina mishonga yekuchengetedza, mishonga inogona kukurumidza kuora uye kuisa njodzi yekusvibiswa.
2. Mishonga yekuuraya utachiona uye Mishonga inorwisa utachiona (yakaganhurirwa)
Formalin inogona kushanda semushonga wekuuraya utachiona nekuti inogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya, fungi, uye mamwe mavhairasi. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwayo semushonga wekuuraya utachiona parizvino kwakaganhurirwa nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hunotsamwisa uye hune chepfu, pamwe nekuwanikwa kwedzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri kana nzvimbo dzakakosha, formalin ichiri kushandiswa pasi pemitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza.
3. Zvishandiso zveResin neindasitiri yezvinhu
Mumaindasitiri, formaldehyde chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira marudzi akasiyana-siyana emaresini, akadai seurea-formaldehyde uye phenol-formaldehyde. Maresini aya anobva ashandiswa mu:
- Inonamira yeplywood, particleboard, uye MDF (fiberboard yepakati-density)
- Mamwe mapendi nependi
- Zvinhu zvemachira zvinodzivirira makwinya
- Zvikamu zvemotokari nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki
Saka, formalin ine basa guru rehupfumi mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu, kunyanya muindasitiri yezvinhu zvekuvaka nefenicha.
4. Kudzora Hunhu uye Maitiro Ekugadzira
Mune mamwe maitiro ekugadzira, formaldehyde inogona kushandiswa semushonga wemakemikari kugadzira mamwe macompound compounds. Kushandiswa uku kunowanzoitika mumiti yemakemikari uye kunoitwa mumasystem akavharwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwakasimba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, mabhenefiti anosanganisira kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa nguva dzose.
Njodzi dzeFormalin kuhutano
Njodzi dze formaldehyde dzinobva muhunhu hwayo hune chepfu, hunotsamwisa, uye hunogona kukonzera kenza. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kuburikidza nekufema, kubata ganda, kana kunwa.
1. Kutsamwisa Maziso Uye Kufema
Kusangana nemweya we formaldehyde kunogona kukonzera kurwadza, maziso anoyerera mvura, kunzwa kupisa mumhino nepahuro, kukosora, uye kushaya mweya. Muvanhu vane hutachiona kana kuti vane asthma, kusangana ne formaldehyde kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo uye kukonzera chirwere.
Munzvimbo dzakavharwa dzisina mhepo yakakwana, utsi hwe formaldehyde hunogona kuungana uye hunokonzera kunyunyuta kwakanyanya senge dzungu, kuda kurutsa, uye kushaya simba.
2. Kukuvadzwa kweganda uye kukuvara
Kubata formalin zvakananga kunogona kukonzera kutsamwa, kutsvuka, kupisa, uye kunyange dermatitis yekubata. Kugara uchibata ganda kunogona kuita kuti ganda rive nyore uye rive nyore kubatwa neallergies. Vashandi vemurabhoritari kana vemaindasitiri vanowanzo bata formalin vanofanirwa kupfeka maPPE akadai semagirovhosi asingapindi makemikari uye dziviriro yemaziso.
3. Kuchetura kana ukamedza
Njodzi yakakomba uye inowanzoonekwa kakawanda ndeye kana formaldehyde ikapinda mumuviri kuburikidza nechikafu kana chinwiwa. Formalin haisi chinhu chinowedzera chikafu uye haifanirwe kushandiswa kuchengetedza chikafu. Kana ikadyiwa, formaldehyde inogona kukonzera:
- Marwadzo emudumbu, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka
- Kupisa mumuromo, pagurokuro, nemudumbu
- Zvirwere zve metabolic (semuenzaniso metabolic acidosis)
- Kukuvadzwa kwenhengo dzemuviri, kunyanya chiropa neitsvo, pamatanho akati wandei
- Njodzi yekufa kana paine chepfu yakanyanya
Chinonyanya kutyisa ndechekuti migumisiro ye formaldehyde haiwanzoonekwa pakarepo. Kushandiswa zvishoma asi kakawanda kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano kwenguva refu.
4. Kugona Kukonzera Kansa
Formaldehyde yakarongwa sekenza yevanhu nemasangano akati wandei ehutano epasi rose. Kugara kwenguva refu, kunyanya kuburikidza nekufema munzvimbo yebasa, kunobatanidzwa nekuwedzera kwenjodzi yekenza yemudumbu. Njodzi iyi inowedzera kana munhu akaramba achigara ari panze pasina mhepo inofema yakarongwa uye michina yekudzivirira.
5. Kukanganisa Kwazvinoita Vashandi Nezvakatipoteredza
Mumaindasitiri nemarabhoritari, njodzi huru inowanikwa nevashandi vanobatwa zuva nezuva. Pasina kutarisira njodzi kwakakodzera, kubatwa kunogona kupararira kune nharaunda yakapoteredza kuburikidza nemarara emvura kana utsi. Saka, formalin inofanira kuchengetwa, kushandiswa, uye kuraswa zvichienderana nemaitiro ezvinhu zvine njodzi uye zvine chepfu (B3).
Kushandiswa Zvisina Kunaka kweFormalin Muchikafu: Sei Zvichiitika?
Kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwe formalin muchikafu kunowanzokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvemari: kunogona kuita kuti zvigadzirwa zviite sezvitsva, zvakasimba, uye zvinogara kwenguva refu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, formalin inoshandiswa zvisizvo kuchengetedza manoodles akanyorova, tofu, hove, kana nyama yakagadzirwa kudzivirira kuora.
Dambudziko nderekuti, vatengi vanowanzoomerwa nekusiyanisa pakati pechikafu chakajairika nechikafu chine formaldehyde nekungotarisa chitarisiko. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowanzotaurwa (kunyange zvisiri zvechokwadi nguva dzose) zvinosanganisira hwema hwakasimba, kutsenga kwakanyanya kana kuomarara, uye kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya. Zvisinei, nzira chaiyo inoramba iri yekuyedzwa murabhoritari kana bvunzo yekukurumidza inopihwa nevakuru.
Maitiro Ekuderedza Njodzi Yekusangana neFormaldehyde
Matanho akakosha ekudzivirira anogona kutorwa padanho remunhu neresangano.
1. Semutengi, tenga chikafu kubva kunzvimbo dzinovimbwa nadzo, teerera kunhuhwirira kusingawanzoitiki uye magadzirirwo acho, uye dzivisa zvigadzirwa "zvisingachinji" zvisina kuchengetwa mufiriji.
2. Semushandi wemurabhoritari/muindasitiri, pfekai maPPE akazara (mask yekufema yakakodzera, magirovhosi asingashandise makemikari, magirazi ekudzivirira maziso), iva nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inofema zvakanaka, uye teverai maSOP.
3. Kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera, formalin inofanira kuchengetwa mumudziyo wakavharwa zvakasimba, wakanyorwa zvakajeka, kure nevana, uye kure nezvinhu zvinotengeswa.
4. Kuraswa kwemarara, kuraswa kwe formalin hakufanirwe kuitwa zvisina tsarukano; kunofanirwa kutevedzera nzira dzeB3 dzemarara kuitira kuti nharaunda isasvibiswe.
Mhedziso
Formalin imusanganiswa une mabhenefiti makuru mumishonga, marabhoritari, uye maindasitiri, kunyanya semushonga wekuchengetedza tissue uye chinhu chekugadzira resin. Zvisinei, hunhu hwayo hune chepfu uye hunokanganisa mashandiro ayo hunoita kuti ive nengozi kuvanhu kana ikaiswa pairi isingadzoreki, kunyanya kana ikadyiwa nechikafu. Kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kweformalin semushonga wekuchengetedza chikafu kunokanganisa hutano hwevanhu uye kunofanira kudzivirirwa kuburikidza nedzidzo, kutarisirwa, uye kusimbiswa kwemitemo. Nekushandiswa kwakakodzera, mabhenefiti eformalin anogona kuwanikwa pasina kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu nenharaunda.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kugadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kuti chive "chenyanzvi" (chine zvirevo nemagwaro), kana kuti chive chakakurumbira mumagazini/zvikoro, pamwe nekuona kuti huwandu hwemazwi hunosvika pa1000 sezvinodiwa.
