Kuchengetedza Turtle dzeGungwa muIndonesia: Matanho Ekudzivirira Nhaka yeGungwa
Indonesia, senyika yakakura kwazvo pasi rose ine zvitsuwa zvinopfuura 17.000, ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvemugungwa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvayo zvinokosha zvemugungwa ishiri yayo yegungwa. Zvisinei, huwandu hweshiri dzemugungwa muIndonesia hunotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana anotyisidzira kugara kwayo kwenguva refu. Nokudaro, kuedza kuchengetedza shiri dzemugungwa kwakakosha. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kweshiri dzemugungwa muIndonesia, matambudziko adzinosangana nawo, uye kuedza kwave kuri kuitwa uye kuri kuitwa kuchengetedza mhuka iyi iri munjodzi.
Hove dzemugungwa muIndonesia: Mhando uye kupararira
Indonesia ine mhando nhanhatu dzeshiri dzemugungwa dzinowanikwa pasi rose, dzinosanganisira shiri yegirini (Chelonia mydas), shiri yehawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), shiri yemuorivhi inonzi ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), shiri yemusana ine musana wakatsetseka (Natator depressus), shiri yemusana ine musana (Dermochelys coriacea), uye shiri yemusana ine musoro (Caretta caretta). Mhando imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwakasiyana uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugara.
Kamba dzemugungwa dzinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nharaunda. Dzinobatsira kuchengetedza kuenzana kwenzvimbo dzemugungwa, dzakadai sekudzora huwandu hwejellyfish uye kuchengetedza hutano hwenzvimbo dzegungwa dzine uswa hwemugungwa nematombo ekorari. Uyezve, kamba dzinewo kukosha kwetsika nehupfumi, kunyanya mukushanya kwakavakirwa pazvisikwa.
Kutyisidzira Kumagungwa
1. Kuvhima uye Kutengeserana Zvisiri Pamutemo: Kamba dzemugungwa dzinowanzovhimwa nekuda kwenyama yadzo, mazai, nemagoko, izvo zvinokosheswa zvikuru pamusika mutema. Kuvhima uku kwakakonzera kudzikira kukuru kwehuwandu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzekamba dzemugungwa muIndonesia.
2. Kurasikirwa Nenzvimbo Dzekugara: Kukura kwemahombekombe uye kukura kwemaguta kunokonzera kurasikirwa nenzvimbo dzekugara kwekamba, kusanganisira mahombekombe kwadzinokandira mazai adzo. Kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, zvakaita semahotera nenzvimbo dzekuzorora, kunowanzo regeredza kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara kwekamba.
3. Kusvibiswa kwemvura: Marara epurasitiki anokonzera njodzi huru kukamba dzemugungwa. Kamba dzinowanzo fungidzira kuti purasitiki ndeyechikafu, zvichikonzera matambudziko ekugaya chikafu nerufu. Kusvibiswa kwemakemikari kunotyisidzirawo hutano hwekamba nenzvimbo yegungwa.
4. Kuchinja kweMamiriro ekunze: Kudziya kwepasi rose kunokanganisa tembiricha yejecha panova nematendere ekamba, izvo zvinokanganisa huwandu hwepabonde hwevana vekamba. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunowanzoita kuti pave nehadzi dzakawanda, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kuenzana kwevanhu kwenguva refu.
5. Maitiro Ekubata Hove Anoparadza: Zvishandiso zvekubata hove zvisingasarudzwe, zvakaita semagillnet nema longlines, zvinowanzobata hove dzemugungwa netsaona. Maitiro aya anozivikanwa se bycatch, uye hove dzakawanda dzinobatwa kana kukuvara panguva iyoyo.
Kuedza Kuchengetedza Turtle dzeGungwa muIndonesia
1. Kugadzwa kweNzvimbo dzeKuchengetedza
Hurumende yeIndonesia yakatara nzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzekuchengetedza makungwa kuti dzichengetedze nzvimbo dzinogara shiri dzemugungwa. Idzi dzinosanganisira Wakatobi National Park, Komodo National Park, neWest Bali National Park, dzose dziri nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekuberekera shiri dzemugungwa. Mabasa evanhu anorambidzwa munzvimbo idzi kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinogara shiri dzemugungwa nedzimwe mhando.
2. Kuchekwa uye Kuburitswa kweMakavi Madiki
Masangano akati wandei asiri ehurumende (NGOs) nenharaunda dzemunharaunda dzakatanga zvirongwa zvekuchekeresa nekuburitsa matumbu madiki. Mazai etumbu, anobviswa mumatendere echisikigo, anotamiswa kunzvimbo yakachengeteka kusvika achekeresa. Kana achekereswa, tumbu anodzorerwa mugungwa. Izvi zvinobatsira kuwedzera mikana yekurarama kwetumbu madiki, ayo ari panjodzi yekudyiwa nezvimwe zvinhu musango.
3. Dzidzo Yeveruzhinji uye Kuzivisa
Kuzivisa veruzhinji kukosha kwekuchengetedza shiri dzemugungwa chinhu chakakosha pakuchengetedza shiri. Mishandirapamwe yemagariro evanhu, mapurogiramu edzidzo muzvikoro, uye kudzidziswa kwenharaunda dziri kuitirwa kudzidzisa veruzhinji nezvekukosha kwekuchengetedza shiri dzemugungwa nenzvimbo dzadzinogara. Kutora chikamu kwakasimba kwenharaunda mumabasa ekuchengetedza shiri kwakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka.
4. Kusimbisa Mutemo neKutevedzwa kweMutemo
Indonesia yatova nemitemo yakasiyana-siyana inodzivirira hove dzemugungwa, kusanganisira Mutemo Nhamba 5 wegore ra1990 une chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kweZviwanikwa zveBiological Natural and Ecosystems. Zvisinei, kusimbiswa kwemutemo kuchiri dambudziko guru. Hurumende iri kushanda nevakuru vemapurisa nemasangano epasi rose kuti ivandudze kutarisa nekusimbisa kuvhimwa kwehove dzemugungwa zvisiri pamutemo uye kutengeserana.
5. Tsvagiridzo neKutarisa
Tsvagiridzo yesainzi nekutarisa huwandu hweshiri dzemugungwa zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise zvakajeka mamiriro ezvinhu nematambudziko ari kusangana neshiri idzi. Ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva mukutsvagisa runobatsira kugadzira mitemo nemazano ekuchengetedza anobudirira. Kuburikidza nekutarisa nguva dzose, huwandu hweshiri dzemugungwa hunogona kuongororwa uye nzira dzakakodzera dzinogona kuitwa nekukurumidza.
6. Kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese
Kamba dzemugungwa imhando dzinotama-tama dzinowanzo famba-famba nenyika. Nokudaro, kuchengetedza kamba kunoda kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese. Indonesia iri kushanda nedzimwe nyika dzeAsia-Pacific kuti iite mitemo nemazano ekuchengetedza pamwe chete. Kushandira pamwe uku kunobatsira kugadzira marongero anowirirana uye anotsigirana.
Mhedziso
Kuchengetedza kamba dzemugungwa muIndonesia ibasa rakaoma uye rinoenderera mberi. Zvichienderana nekutyisidzirwa kwakasiyana-siyana kuri kusangana nako, kuedza kuchengetedza kunoda nzira yakazara inosanganisira vanhu vakawanda vane chekuita nazvo, kusanganisira hurumende, maNGO, vaongorori, nenharaunda dzemuno. Kugadzira nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza, kuchekerera nekuburitsa makanda madiki, kusimudzira ruzivo rweveruzhinji, kusimbisa hurongwa hwemutemo, tsvakurudzo, uye kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese matanho akakosha mukudzivirira kamba dzemugungwa.
Indonesia ine basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza shiri dzemugungwa dzepasi rose, sezvo iri musha wevanhu vakawanda pasi rose vane shiri dzemugungwa. Nekuzvipira pamwe chete uye kushanda nesimba kwakasimba, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvichiri kugona kuona runako rweshiri dzemugungwa dzichishambira zvakasununguka mumvura yeIndonesia. Kuchengetedza shiri dzemugungwa hakusi basa rehurumende kana masangano ezvakatipoteredza chete, asiwo basa redu isu sevanhu vepasi rose vane hanya nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvemugungwa nenhaka yechisikigo.
