Kukosha kweKuongororwa kweUltrasonography
Ultrasonography (USG) ndeimwe yeongororo dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa kwemazuva ano. Ongororo iyi inoshandisa mafungu eruzha ane ruzha rwakanyanya kugadzira mifananidzo yenhengo nematishu ari mumuviri panguva chaiyo. Nekuti haipindi, haina njodzi, uye haishandisi mwaranzi inoisa ionizing senge X-rays, ultrasound ndiyo sarudzo huru yezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuongorora - kubva pabvunzo dzepamuviri kusvika pakuongororwa kwenhengo dzemukati. Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura kukosha kwekuongororwa kweultrasound, mabhenefiti ayo, uye basa rayo mukuona nekutarisa mamiriro akasiyana-siyana ehutano.
Chii chinonzi Ultrasonography?
Ultrasonography inzira yekurapa yekufungidzira inoshanda pahwaro hwekuratidzira mafungu eruzha. Mudziyo unonzi transducer (probe) unoburitsa mafungu eruzha mumuviri wobva watora mafungu kubva munyama nenhengo. Mafungu aya anogadziriswa nekombuta kuita mifananidzo inogona kutariswa pamonitor. Chiremba anobva aongorora chimiro, saizi, chimiro, uye kufamba kwenhengo kuti abatsire kuona chirwere.
Ultrasound inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai se2D ultrasound inowanzo shandiswa, 3D/4D ultrasound iyo inopa ruzivo rwakadzama (kunyanya panguva yekuzvitakura), uye Doppler ultrasound iyo inoshandiswa kuongorora kufamba kweropa mutsinga dzeropa.
Sei Ultrasound Yakakosha Munyika Yezvekurapa?
Ultrasound inoita basa rakakosha nekuti inogona kupa ruzivo rwezvekurapa nekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka. Matambudziko mazhinji ehutano anogona kuonekwa nekukurumidza kuburikidza ne ultrasound, zvichiita kuti varwere vawane kurapwa nekukurumidza. Uyezve, ultrasound inowanzo shandiswa kutarisa kufambira mberi kwechirwere kana mhinduro yekurapwa.
Mabhenefiti makuru e ultrasound anosanganisira:
1. Yakachengeteka uye haina mwaranzi
Kusiyana neCT scans kana X-rays, zvinoshandisa X-rays, ultrasound haiburitse mwaranzi inoisa ionizing. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakachengeteka, kunyangwe kuvakadzi vane pamuviri nevana, kana ikaitwa zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvechiremba.
2. Hazvipindi muropa uye zvinonyaradza zvishoma
Kuongororwa kwakawanda kweultrasound kunoitwa kunze kwemuviri, saka varwere havadi kuvhiyiwa kana kuvhiyiwa kunorwadza.
3. Mhedzisiro chaiyo
Ultrasound inogona kuratidza zvakananga kufamba kwenhengo uye kuyerera kweropa. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru pakuongorora mwoyo, mitsipa yeropa, uye mamiriro emwana ari mudumbu.
4. Mari dzinodhura zvishoma uye dzinowanikwa nevanhu vakawanda
Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe bvunzo dzemifananidzo, ultrasound inowanzo dhura mari uye inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehutano, kusanganisira makiriniki nezvipatara zvemunharaunda.
Basa reUltrasound muKuongororwa Kwepamuviri
Imwe yenzira dzinozivikanwa dzekushandisa ultrasound ndeyekutarisirwa kwemwana asati aberekwa. Ultrasound inobatsira vanachiremba kuongorora kukura kwemwana ari mudumbu uye hutano hwechibereko. Kuongorora uku kwakakosha pakuona kuti pamuviri pakanaka uye kuona matambudziko aripo nguva isati yakwana.
Zvimwe zvezvakanakira zve ultrasound panguva yekuzvitakura zvinosanganisira:
- Sarudza zera repamuviri uye zuva rinofungidzirwa rekusununguka
Kuyera kumwe mwana ari mudumbu kunogona kuyera nguva yekuzvitakura nemazvo, kunyanya mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga.
- Simbisa nzvimbo yekubata pamuviri
Ultrasound inogona kubatsira kuona pamuviri uri kunze kwechibereko (ectopic pregnancy) izvo zvine njodzi kana zvikasarapwa nekukasika.
- Ongorora huwandu hwevana vari mudumbu
Ultrasound inogona kusimbisa pamuviri kamwe chete kana akawanda.
- Ongorora kukura kwemwana ari mudumbu uye chimiro chake mumuviri
Kuongorora kwakadzama kunogona kubatsira kuona zvimwe zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo, kunyange zvazvo zvisiri zvese zvirwere zvinogona kuonekwa ne ultrasound.
- Kutarisa placenta uye amniotic fluid
Mamiriro ezvinhu akadai se placenta previa kana amniotic fluid yakawandisa kana shoma zvinogona kukanganisa kusununguka uye hutano hwemwana ari mudumbu.
Ultrasound yekuongorora nhengo dzemukati
Kunze kwekubata pamuviri, ultrasound inobatsira zvikuru pakuongorora nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemukati. Kuongorora uku kunowanzova danho rekutanga pakuongorora zvichemo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu, kuzvimba, kana matambudziko enzira yeweti. Dzimwe nhengo dzinoongororwa kazhinji neultrasound uye zvadzinobatsira zvinosanganisira:
– Chiropa nenduru
Ultrasound inogona kuona mafuta echiropa, kukura kwechiropa, mavanga, uye matombo emunduru. Kune varwere vane kurwadziwa kwemudumbu rekumusoro kurudyi kana kuda kurutsa mushure mekudya mafuta, ultrasound ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa pakuongorora.
– Itsvo nehurongwa hweweti
Ultrasound inobatsira kuona matombo eitsvo, kuvharika kwenzira yeweti, kuzvimba kweitsvo (hydronephrosis), uye kuongorora saizi nemaumbirwo eitsvo. Ultrasound inowanzo kurudzirwa kana paine kurwadziwa kwemusana uri pasi kana ropa muweti.
- Pancreas nespleen
Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva zvichivharirwa negasi remudumbu, ultrasound inogona kupa mufananidzo wekutanga wekukura, mavanga, kana kuti mavanga munzvimbo dzakati.
- Chizvaro nemazai
Ultrasound yevakadzi inobatsira pakuongorora ma cysts emuzasi, fibroids, matambudziko e endometrial, uye zvikonzero zvekubuda ropa zvisina kujairika.
– Prostate
Muvarume, ultrasound inogona kubatsira kuongorora kukura kweprostate uye hukama hwayo nematambudziko eweti.
Doppler Ultrasound Yekuongorora Kuyerera Kweropa
Doppler ultrasound inzira yakasarudzika inobvumira vanachiremba kuongorora kufamba kweropa mutsinga dzeropa. Kuongorora uku kwakakosha, semuenzaniso, kune:
– Kuona kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa (semuenzaniso mumakumbo).
- Ongorora matambudziko etsinga dziri kuvhurika uye tsinga dziri kuvhurika.
- Kutarisa mamiriro etsinga dzeropa muvarwere vane chirwere cheshuga kana BP.
– Kuongororwa kwetsinga dzeropa mune dzimwe mimba kana ropa risina kuyerera zvakanaka kuenda kuplacenta zvichifungidzirwa.
Nekubatsira kweDoppler, vanachiremba vanogona kuongorora kana kuyerera kweropa kwakajairika, kwakaderera, kana kutomira, kuitira kuti sarudzo dzekurapa dzigone kuitwa zvakanyatsonaka.
Ultrasound muMaitiro Ekurapa (Gwaro Rekuita)
Ultrasound haingoshandiswi chete pakuongorora chirwere asiwo kubatsira pakurapa. Maitiro mazhinji ari kuitwa ne ultrasound kuti pave nekururama uye kuchengetedzeka, akadai se:
– Kutorwa kwemvura kana biopsy kubva mumapundu akasiyana.
– Kuisa tsono mumvura kana kuti tupukanana mujoini.
- Maitiro ekuongorora nekutora mienzaniso kubva pabundu pazamu.
Kana munhu achitungamirirwa nemaziso, njodzi yekusafamba nenzira kwayo inodzikira, uye nzira yacho inova inoshanda zvakanyanya.
Zvipingamupinyi zveUltrasonography
Pasinei nemabhenefiti ayo akawanda, ultrasound inewo miganhu. Hunhu hwemhedzisiro yeultrasound hunogona kuchinjwa nezvinhu zvakati wandei, zvakaita se:
– Gasi remudumbu rinovhara mafungu eruzha, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri zvakajeka.
– Kufuta kunogona kuderedza kunaka kwemufananidzo nekuti mafungu eruzha anofanira kupinda mumafuta akakora.
– Kuvimba neruzivo rwemushandi; kududzirwa kwemhedzisiro yeultrasound kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya neruzivo rwachiremba kana sonographer.
– Hazvisi zvese zvinokanganisa zvinogona kuonekwa, saka mune dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kwakawanda kwakadai seCT scans, MRIs, kana bvunzo dzemurabhoritari kunodiwa.
Saka, ultrasound inonzwisiswa zvakanaka sechikamu cheongororo dzakawanda dzezvekurapa, kwete chete chinopa humbowo hwekuongorora chirwere.
Mhedziso
Kuongororwa kweUltrasound chishandiso chakakosha muhutano nekuti kwakachengeteka, hakukuvadzi, kunodhura zvishoma, uye kunopa mifananidzo yenhengo dzemuviri panguva chaiyo. Ultrasound inoita basa guru mukutarisa pamuviri, kuongorora nhengo dzemukati, kuongorora kuyerera kweropa reDoppler, uye kunyange kubatsira mukurapa kwakanyatsojeka. Pasinei nemiganhu yayo, ultrasound inoramba iri bvunzo inobatsira zvikuru pakuona nekukurumidza uye kutarisa mamiriro ehutano. Nekuita ultrasound sezvakaratidzwa uye zvakarairwa nevashandi vekurapa, varwere vanogona kuwana kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakodzera.
Kana muchida, ndinogonawo kugadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kuti chienderane nemaitiro epamutemo emabasa echikoro/koreji, kana kuwedzera zvikamu zvakaita sekuti "kugadzirira usati waita ultrasound" uye "mhando dzeultrasound dzakavakirwa panhengo dzemuviri."
