Kutarisirwa Kwevana Vari Kuyamwisa Muzvirwere zveHypertension: Nzira Yakakwana
Pendauluan
Hypertension, kana kuti BP yakakwira, chirwere chisingaperi chinowanzoitika mumadzimai ane pamuviri. Chirwere ichi chinonetsa zvikuru hutano hwemadzimai nehwevana nekuti chinogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anotyisidzira hupenyu hwaamai nemwana ari mudumbu. Nokudaro, kutarisirwa kweBP yakakwira nevanoyamwisa kunoita basa rakakosha mukudzivirira nekugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura zvakadzama nezvekuchengetedzwa kweBP yavanoyamwisa, kusanganisira kuzivikanwa, kuongororwa, kupindira, uye kutarisirwa kwevaya vanoyamwisa mushure mekusununguka.
Kuzivikanwa uye Kuongororwa kweHypertension muVakadzi Vane Mimba
Kukwira kweropa panguva yekuzvitakura kunoiswa mumhando ina huru: BP yepamuviri, BP yenguva refu, preeclampsia, uye preeclampsia inokonzerwa neBP yenguva refu. Kukwira kweropa mumadzimai ane pamuviri kunozivikanwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweBP nguva dzose pakuenda kumwedzi kwese kwekuzvitakura. Zviratidzo zveBP i systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg uye/kana diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg mushure memavhiki makumi maviri ekuzvitakura. Kuongorora chirwere nemazvo uye nenguva kwakakosha kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba.
Kuongorora neKutarisa
Kana chirwere cheBP chaonekwa, danho rinotevera nderekuongorora zvakakwana uye kunyatsoongorora. Vanachiremba vepamuviri vanoita basa rekutarisa BP nguva dzose, kuyera proteinuria kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweweti, uye kuongorora zvimwe zviratidzo zvakaita semusoro wakakomba, matambudziko ekuona, kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, uye kuzvimba.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri vane BP vanokurudzirwa kuenda kakawanda vasati vaberekwa. Kuwedzera pakuongororwa kwemuviri nekurabhoritari, ma ultrasound anodiwa kuti vatarise kukura nekukura kwemwana ari mudumbu uye kuona zviratidzo zvekusakura zvakanaka kwemwana ari mudumbu (IUGR), izvo zvinowanzobatanidzwa neBP.
Kudzivirira uye Kupindira Zvisiri zveMishonga
Kudzivirira kukuru kweBP panguva yekuzvitakura kunosanganisira dzidzo uye kugadzirisa mararamiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudya zvine hutano, kusina munyu wakawanda, kurovedza muviri zvine mwero kana kuita maekisesaizi anoenderana nemamiriro emuviri waamai, kudzora kushushikana, uye kurara zvakakwana. Kudzivisa mimwe mishonga uye kurega kusvuta nedoro zvinokurudzirwawo zvikuru.
Kupa mazano nezvekudya kwakaringana kwakapfuma mumichero, miriwo, zviyo zvese, uye mapuroteni asina mafuta akawanda chikamu chekutarisira vananyamukuta. Mishonga yecalcium uye aspirin shoma (81 mg pazuva) pamavhiki gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nematanhatu ekuzvitakura kune vakadzi vari panjodzi huru ye preeclampsia inzira dzakakosha dzekudzivirira.
Kurapa Kwemishonga Uye Kusiri Kwemishonga
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kupindira kwemishonga kunodiwa kudzora BP zvinobudirira. Mishonga yakaita semethyldopa, nifedipine, uye labetalol inowanzo shandiswa uye inoonekwa seyakachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura. Zvakakosha kudzivirira mishonga inogona kukuvadza mwana ari mudumbu, yakadai seACE inhibitors uye angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).
Mukuchengetedzwa kwevana vane pamuviri, kutarisirwa kwakasimba kwekushandiswa kwemishonga inoderedza BP kwakakosha. Vananyamukuta vanofanira kuona kuti mushonga wacho washandiswa zvakanaka, kutarisa migumisiro inogona kuitika, uye kudzidzisa vanaamai nezvekukosha kwekutevedzera mishonga.
Maitiro Akakwana Mukutarisira Vananyamukuta
Maitiro akazara ekutarisira vananyamukuta anosanganisira kutarisa hutano hwemuviri, hwepfungwa, uye hwemagariro evanhu hwevakadzi vane pamuviri. Vananyamukuta vanoita basa kwete chete mukutarisirwa kwechiremba asiwo serutsigiro rwemanzwiro. Dzidzo nezvemamiriro ehutano, njodzi, uye kudzivirira uye kutarisira BP inobatsira zvikuru vakadzi vane pamuviri kunzwa vakasununguka uye vane ruzivo.
Mazano epfungwa ekugadzirisa kuzvidya mwoyo nekutya kunowanzo enderana nedambudziko iri kwakakosha. Kubata pamuviri kunogonawo kusanganisira nhengo dzemhuri mukutsigira vakadzi vane pamuviri, vachiva nechokwadi chekuti vane nzvimbo inotsigira kugadzirira kusununguka kwakachengeteka.
Kuzvara uye Kutarisirwa Mushure mekusununguka
Sezvo nguva yekusununguka yava kusvika, kurwara nekufa zvinova zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza nzira yekusununguka. Kune vanaamai vane BP inodzorwa zvakanaka, kusununguka kwechikadzi kungave kuri sarudzo. Zvisinei, kana paine preeclampsia yakakura kana zvimwe zvirwere, kusununguka ne cesarean kunogona kukurudzirwa kuderedza njodzi yematambudziko kuna amai nemwana.
Vananyamukuta vacharamba vachinyatsotarisa amai panguva yese yekusununguka uye mushure mekusununguka. Mushure mekusununguka, vakadzi vane nhoroondo yeBP vanofanira kuramba vachiongororwa kuti vaone njodzi yeBP isingaperi nezvimwe zvinetso. Kupa gwara rekutarisira BP uye kutarisa hutano nguva dzose kwakakosha panguva ino.
Mhedziso
Kurapwa kweBP panguva yekuzvitakura kunoda kutarisirwa kwakakwana uye kwakazara kwevananyamukuta. Nekuburikidza nekuzivikanwa nekukurumidza, kuongororwa kwakarurama, kutariswa kwakanyatsojeka, nzira dzisiri dzemishonga, uye kupindira kwakakodzera kwemishonga, njodzi yezvinetso inogona kuderedzwa. Kuzvitakura kunoita basa kwete chete mune zvehutano asiwo senzvimbo yekutsigira manzwiro uye ruzivo kuvakadzi vane pamuviri. Kushandisa nzira yakazara mukutarisira vananyamukuta kunoita kuti vakadzi vane pamuviri vane hypertension vagamuchire rubatsiro rwakachengeteka uye runoshanda, zvichizovandudza hutano hwaamai nemwana.
