Makamera eDigital Anokurumidza Kugadziriswa: Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva uye Tekinoroji Munguva Yazvino
Makamera edhijitari achinja zvakanyanya kubva pakatanga kushandiswa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvitsva zvikuru mumakamera edhijitari isystem yekukurumidza autofocus. Fast autofocus inobvumira vashandisi kutora mifananidzo nekupinza kwakanyanya uye munguva pfupi, kunyangwe kana nyaya yacho iri kufamba. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora tekinoroji iri shure kwekukurumidza autofocus uye kuti yakachinja sei nyika yekutora mifananidzo.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yeAutofocus
Autofocus yakatanga kushandiswa mumakamera kuma1970 ekupedzisira. Sisitimu iyi yekutanga yaishandisa nzira yekuona kusiyana kwechiedza zvichibva pakuongorora kusimba kwechiedza chinopinda musensor. Kunyange zvazvo yaive itsva panguva iyoyo, tekinoroji iyi yaive nematambudziko akati wandei, akadai sekunonoka kupindura uye kusarurama mumamiriro ekunze asina chiedza chakawanda.
Mumakore ekuma1980, makamera ane masisitimu ekuona ma "phase-detection autofocus" akatanga kutengeswa. Sisitimu iyi inoshanda nekuparadzanisa chiedza chinopinda mu sensor kuita ma "streams" maviri uye kuyera musiyano we "phase" kuti ione kutarisika kwakanyatsojeka. Iyi tekinoroji yekuona ma "phase-detection autofocus" inopa kukurumidza nekukurumidza uye kururama kukuru kupfuura kuona kusiyana kwe "contrast".
Tichipinda muzana remakore rechi21, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwakadai sekushandiswa kwemasensa eCMOS nema processor emifananidzo anokurumidza kukwidza autofocus padanho rinotevera. Nhasi, fast autofocus chinhu chakajairika mumakamera edhijitari emazuva ano, kubva kumaSLR kusvika kumakamera asina magirazi uye kunyange makamera efoni.
Tekinoroji Iri Kuseri Kwekukurumidza Kuisa Autofocus
Kune matekinoroji akati wandei akakosha anogonesa kukurumidza otomatiki mumakamera edhijitari:
1. Kuonekwa kwechikamu che sensor
Mumakamera emazuva ano, kuona zvikamu (phase detection) ikozvino kwava kuitwa zvakananga pasensor yemufananidzo, inozivikanwa se on-sensor phase detection. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira autofocus nekukurumidza uye kwakarurama. Sensor yemufananidzo ine ma AF pixels anogonesa kuyerwa kwezvikamu zvakananga pasensor, zvichideredza nguva inodiwa kuti uwane kutarisisa kwakaringana.
2. Kutarisisa kweDual Pixel Autofocus
Dual Pixel Autofocus tekinoroji yakagadzirwa neCanon uye yakatanga kuiswa mumakamera ayo eDSLR. Pikisi yega yega iri pasensa yemufananidzo yakakamurwa kuita maphotodiode maviri anogona kuona chiedza ega. Izvi zvinobvumira kamera kuti ikwanise kutarisa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo, kunyangwe pakurekodha vhidhiyo kana kutevera zvinhu zvinofamba nekukurumidza.
3. Sensor yeCMOS inoshanda zvakanyanya
Masensa emazuva ano eCMOS ane kugona kwekugadzirisa data nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinotsigira mashandiro ekukurumidza e autofocus nekugonesa kuongorora mifananidzo panguva chaiyo. Kufamba nekukurumidza kwedata kubva ku sensor kuenda ku image processor kunobvumira kamera kugadzirisa focus nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira.
4. Muchina wekugadzira mufananidzo wepamusoro
Iyo image processor inoitawo basa rakakosha mu fast autofocus systems. Ma processor emazuva ano, akadai seSony's BIONZ, Canon's DIGIC, uye Nikon's EXPEED, ane simba rakakwana rekushandisa komputa kugadzirisa data re sensor nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ruzivo rwunounganidzwa ne autofocus system runogona kushandurwa ipapo ipapo kuita focus adjustments chaiyo.
5. Kudzidza Kwemichina uye AI
Kufambira mberi munguva pfupi yapfuura muhungwaru hwekugadzira (AI) uye kudzidza kwemuchina kuri kutangawo kushandiswa kumasisitimu emakamera otomatiki. Makamera ane AI anogona kuona mapatani chaiwo, zviso, nezvinhu, zvichiita kuti akwanise kutarisa nekukurumidza uye zvakarurama. Iyi tekinoroji inodzidza kubva kudata rakaunganidzwa kuti irambe ichivandudza mashandiro e autofocus nekufamba kwenguva.
Mabhenefiti eFast Autofocus kune Vafotori
1. Bata Nguva Nekukurumidza
Munyika yekutora mifananidzo, nguva ndiyo chinhu chikuru. Kukwanisa kutora mifananidzo inokosha painoitika chinhu chakanaka zvikuru, kungave kuri kwemitambo, mhuka dzesango, kana kutora mifananidzo yemazuva ese. Kufungidzira otomatiki nekukurumidza kunobvumira vatori vemifananidzo kutora mifananidzo nekujeka kwakanyanya mukubwaira kweziso.
2. Kutora Mifananidzo Kusingachinji uye Kufamba
Kufocus nekukurumidza kunobatsira zvikuru mumamiriro ezvinhu apo vanhu vari kufamba nekukurumidza. Vatori vemifananidzo yemitambo kana yemhuka dzesango vanogona kutora mifananidzo yakajeka yezvinhu zviri kufamba nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Dual Pixel Autofocus, semuenzaniso, yave tsika mukutora mavhidhiyo, zvichibvumira kutarisa zvakanaka panguva yekurekodha.
3. Kururama Kwakanyanya Mumamiriro Akasiyana-siyana Echiedza
Tekinoroji yemazuva ano inobvumira autofocus kushanda zvakanaka mumamiriro ekunze asina chiedza chakawanda. Masisitimu ekare aiwanzo tambura mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai, asi nemasensa anonzwa zvakanyanya uye ma processor anokurumidza, makamera ikozvino anogona kuwana kutarisisa kwakasimba kunyangwe mumamiriro ekunze akaomarara.
4. Kutarisa zviri nani pamotokari nemaoko
Kumhanya hakusi iko chete kwakanakira. Sisitimu yekukurumidza ye autofocus inopawo vafotori mukana wekuchinja pakati pe autofocus ne manual focus. Izvi zvinobvumira kudzora kukuru kwekugadzira ukuwo zvichipa mukana wekumhanya we fast autofocus kana zvichidikanwa.
Chidzidzo Chemuenzaniso: Makamera Akanakisisa Ane Autofocus Inokurumidza Muna 2023
Makamera akati wandei akagadza mitemo mitsva maererano nekukurumidza kwe autofocus muna 2023. Mienzaniso inotevera inoratidza kuti tekinoroji iyi inoshandiswa sei mumakamera emazuva ano.
1. Canon EOS R5
Canon EOS R5 ndeimwe yemakamera akanakisa asina magirazi ane autofocus system yepamusoro-soro. Ine Dual Pixel CMOS AF II ine 100% focus area coverage uye 1.053 selectable AF points. Iyi system inobvumira focus inokurumidza uye yakarurama, zvese zvekutora mifananidzo nemavhidhiyo.
2. Sony Alpha a1
Sony Alpha a1 inosanganisa matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana epamusoro kuti ipe mashandiro asina kuenzana e autofocus. Inoshandisa sisitimu ye hybrid AF ine mapoinzi ekuona mafambiro e759 phase uye mapoinzi ekuona mafambiro ekuona mafambiro e425, ichifukidza nzvimbo yese yemufananidzo. Iine kumhanya kwekupfura kunosvika mafuremu makumi matatu pasekondi, yakanakira kutora mifananidzo yemitambo nemhuka dzesango.
3. Nikon Z9
Nikon Z9 ndiyo kamera huru yaNikon, ine system itsva ye multi-algorithm autofocus. Iine mapoinzi 493 ekuona ma phase uye kugona kwekutevera nyaya, kamera iyi inopa autofocus nekukurumidza uye kwakarurama. Sensor yeCMOS yakagadzikwa inobatsira kupa kukurumidza kwekugadzirisa kunodiwa kuti ishande zvakanaka.
Mhedziso
Kukurumidza kutarisisa otomatiki pamakamera edhijitari humbowo hwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukutora mifananidzo. Nekuvandudzwa kwakadai sekuona pane sensor phase, Dual Pixel Autofocus, uye kubatanidzwa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira, makamera emazuva ano anokwanisa kuita basa rakanaka mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana.
Mabhenefiti ekukurumidza kushandisa autofocus akawanda, kubva pakukwanisa kutora mifananidzo chaiyo kusvika pakuchinjika kwakanyanya uye kururama mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana echiedza. Pakupedzisira, tekinoroji iyi haingorerutsi basa revatori vemifananidzo vane hunyanzvi chete asiwo inovandudza ruzivo nemhedzisiro yevanoshandisa kamera yedhijitari.
Nekuenderera mberi kwetekinoroji, ramangwana rekukurumidza kwe autofocus rinotaridzika zvakanaka. Tinogona kutarisira kuti zvimwe zvitsva zvichasimudzira mashandiro e autofocus kusvika padanho repamusoro, zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa nezvinangwa zvevatori vemifananidzo pasi rese.
