Mhando dzeMafungu
Mafungu zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinoita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva nesainzi. Kubva pamafungu makuru egungwa kusvika kumafungu eredhiyo anogonesa kutaurirana kure, mafungu zviratidzo zvesimba richifamba nepakati pechinhu. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzemafungu, pamwe nehunhu hwawo uye mashandisirwo awo muhupenyu hwedu.
Kunzwisisa Mafungu
Kazhinji, mafungu idambudziko kana kudedera kunopararira kuburikidza nechinhu kana nzvimbo. Mafungu anogona kutamisa simba kubva panzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe asingafambise zvachose zvidimbu zvechinhu chacho. Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemafungu zvichienderana nekuti anodedera sei: mafungu emakanika uye mafungu emagetsi.
Mafungu eMichina
Mafungu emakanika anoda chinhu chinofambisa mhepo kuti chipararire. Chinhu ichi chinogona kuva chakasimba, chemvura, kana chegasi. Mafungu emakanika pachawo akakamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nekwaanoenda uye rudzi rwekukanganiswa kwacho.
1. Mafungu Erefu
Mafungu erefu mafungu ane kutenderera kunotenderera kwakafanana nekwakapararira. Muenzaniso unowanzoonekwa wemafungu aya mafungu eruzha. Kana munhu achitaura, tambo dzeruzha dzinodedera, dzichigadzira nzvimbo dzekudzvanyirira nekutambanudza mumhepo, dzinozobva dzapararira semafungu eruzha.
Aplikasi:
– Mafungu erefu akakosha zvikuru mukutaurirana, senge mumamaikorofoni nemasipika.
- Inoshandiswa mukurapa sonography kuratidza mukati memuviri.
2. Mafungu Akachinjika
Mafungu anotenderera, kune rumwe rutivi, ane divi rekutenderera rakanangana nedivi rekupararira. Mafungu emvura nemafungu ari patambo mienzaniso yakajairika yemafungu anotenderera.
Aplikasi:
- Mafungu anotenderera mumvura anogona kushandiswa mumitambo yekusefa.
– Mukuongorora kudengenyeka kwenyika, mafungu eS (echipiri) muenzaniso wemafungu anochinjika.
3. Mafungu Epamusoro
Mafungu epamusoro musanganiswa wemafungu erefu uye akachinjika anofamba pamusoro pechinhu chiri pakati nepakati. Muenzaniso werudzi urwu rwemafungu mafungu egungwa anoitika pamusoro pemvura.
Aplikasi:
- Mafungu epamusoro pegungwa anogona kukanganisa kufamba kwegungwa uye zvivakwa zvemahombekombe kuburikidza nekukukurwa kwevhu.
Mafungu eElectromagnetic
Kusiyana nemafungu emagetsi, mafungu emagetsi haadi chinhu chinofambisa mhepo kuti afambe. Anogona kufamba nemumhepo isina chinhu. Mafungu emagetsi ane spectrum yakakura inosiyaniswa nefrequency yawo.
1. Mafungu eredhiyo
Mafungu eredhiyo ane marefu ewavelength mu electromagnetic spectrum uye anowanzo shandiswa pakuparadzira redhiyo neterevhizheni.
Aplikasi:
- Inoshandiswa mukutaurirana kusina waya, kusanganisira nhepfenyuro dzeredhiyo, terevhizheni, uye network dzenharembozha.
2. Ma microwave
Ma microwave anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura ma radiowave uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumabasa akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira radar nekubika.
Aplikasi:
- Mukutaurirana kwesatellite uye tekinoroji yeWi-Fi.
– Kupisa chikafu muovheni ye microwave.
3. Miriwo yeInfrared (IR)
Chiedza cheinfrared chinowira pasi pechiedza chinoonekwa uye chinowanzo shandiswa muzvishandiso zvemagetsi zviri kure uye mumifananidzo yekupisa.
Aplikasi:
- Kudzora kure kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
- Kamera yekupisa yekuona kupisa.
4. Chiedza Chinooneka
Chiedza chinoonekwa ndicho chikamu che electromagnetic spectrum chinogona kuonekwa neziso remunhu. Chiedza ichi chine mavara akasiyana-siyana, kubva kutsvuku kusvika kuviolet, akabatanidzwa muchinhu chinozivikanwa semuraraungu.
Aplikasi:
- Zvakakosha mukutora mifananidzo nemavhidhiyo.
- Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemwenje, kubva kumwenje yeincandescent kusvika kumwenje ye LED.
5. Mwaranzi yeUltraviolet (UV)
Mwenje weUV unoshandiswa kakawanda kupfuura chiedza chinoonekwa uye une mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, kunyange zvazvo une njodziwo kana ukashandiswa zvakanyanya.
Aplikasi:
– Inoshandiswa mumarambi ekuuraya tupukanana.
- Inoshandiswa muzvidzidzo zvemuchadenga.
6. X-rays neGamma Rays
Rudzi urwu rwemafungu rune frequency yakanyanya uye runopinda zvakanyanya. X-rays dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa, nepo gamma rays ichiwanzobatanidzwa mukuora kwemwaranzi.
Aplikasi:
– MaX-ray anoshandiswa mukurapa neX-ray kuratidza mapfupa.
– Maranzi eGamma anoshandiswa mukurapa kenza nemwaranzi.
Mhedziso
Mafungu chinhu chakakosha munyika yedu, zvichibatsira zvinhu zvakawanda muhupenyu, kungave tichizviziva kana kuti kwete. Kubva pamifananidzo yezvekurapa kusvika pahunyanzvi hwekutaurirana, mhando dzakasiyana dzemafungu dzinopa mhinduro nehunyanzvi hune simba guru pakufambira mberi kwetekinoroji nesainzi.
Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemafungu uye mashandisirwo awo hakungowedzere ruzivo rwedu rwesainzi chete asiwo kunovhura mukana wekuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zvichatitungamira mune ramangwana rakajeka. Ungave uri musayendisiti, mainjiniya, kana munhu anoshandisa tekinoroji zuva nezuva, mafungu chinhu chakakosha kudzidza nekukoshesa.
